Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida spp. bloodstream isolates from a Brazilian tertiary care hospital

Introduction: Candida spp. frequently cause hospital-acquired bloodstream infections (BSI) with a high mortality rate (up to 70%). We analyzed the frequency, infection characteristics, potential predisposing factors, susceptibility to antifungal drugs, biofilm production and other virulence characteristics of Candida spp. isolates obtained from a tertiary care hospital in Niš, Serbia, during a one year period. Methods: Medical histories, characteristics of isolated strains and drug susceptibility, as well as the effect on the function of isolated macrophages and other virulence features were evaluated. The obtained results were subjected to student’s t-test and multivariate statistical analyzes. Results: Herein we report an annual incidence of 3.65 cases of C. albicans, C. lusitaniae and C. lipolytica infections per 105 population. Out of eight isolated strains, two (25%) were shown to be strong biofilm producers, one (12.5%) caused hemolysis on blood agar and in two (25%) cases macrophages were able to completely eliminate the yeast colonies. Chronic kidney disease, diabetes, malignant and other diseases were present in 37.5, 62.5, 50 and 75%, respectively, in the study group. All patients with Candida BSI received antifungal therapy (amphotericin B), however, hospital mortality was observed in 25% of patients. Conclusions: Evaluation of local Candida epidemiology, antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors, as well as personalized patient risk factors are important for the surveillance of Candida BSI, especially in intensive care unit patients and may contribute to the improved options and outcome for patients with Candida BSI.

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CHARACTERISATION AND ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERNS OF CANDIDA SPECIES ISOLATED IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN NORTH INDIA.

10.36106/ijsr/9333492 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 7-8

Author(s):

Meenakshi Sharma ◽

Chaudhary BL

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Candida Species ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Individual Species ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Clinical Specimens ◽

Susceptibility Patterns

Candida is usually considered a commensal with the potential to cause opportunistic infections ranging from supercial mucosal infections to lifethreatening invasive infections. This study was aimed to determine antifungal susceptibility patterns of Candida species isolated from various clinical specimens from a tertiary care hospital. Isolation and identic Material and Methods: ation of Candida species were done by morphological examination, pseudohyphae, and chlamydospore production on cornmeal agar, germ tube test, and HiCrome Candida differential agar. The antifungal susceptibility of Candida strains was performed by the disk diffusion method as per the CLSI M44-A2 protocol. A Result: total of 96 Candida species were isolated from various clinical specimens. The isolation rate was more in the older age group and female patients(52%). Most frequently isolated from urine 41.67% followed by sputum 19.79%, Blood 16.67%, and least from vaginal swab 2.08%. Four species of Candida were isolated among them Candida albicans was most common 59.37% followed by Candida prapsilosis and Candida krusei 15.62%, and Candida tropicalis 9.37%. In antifungal susceptibility testing, Itraconazole was the most sensitive drug and Fluconazole was the least sensitive one with only 58.33% susceptibility among individual species. Concussion: Urinary tract infection was common due to Candida albicans, and Itraconazole was the most susceptible drug.

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Prevalence, virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility of Candida spp. isolated from bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in Brazil

Mycoses ◽

10.1111/myc.12695 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 11-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Heliara Maria Spina Canela ◽

Bárbara Cardoso ◽

Lucia Helena Vitali ◽

Harnoldo Colares Coelho ◽

Roberto Martinez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virulence Factors ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Bloodstream Infections ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Candida Spp

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Surveillance study of species distribution, antifungal susceptibility and mortality of nosocomial candidemia in a tertiary care hospital in China

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/1471-2334-13-337 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Chun-fang Ma ◽

Fang-qiu Li ◽

Li-ning Shi ◽

Yu-an Hu ◽

Ying Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Distribution ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Surveillance Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Nosocomial Candidemia

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A study on the antifungal susceptibility pattern of dermatophytes isolated in a tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2017.05.003 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (05) ◽

pp. 5379

Author(s):

Vanathi Sabtharishi* ◽

Radhika Katragadda ◽

Thyagarajan Ravinder

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Antifungal Susceptibility ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Antifungal Drugs ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Susceptibility Pattern ◽

Superficial Mycosis ◽

Broth Dilution ◽

Common Infections

Recent years, due to increased usage of antifungal treatment worldwide, there is an increased chance of rising resistance among antifungal drugs too. Dermatophytic infections causes’ superficial mycosis and it affects skin, hair and nail. These infections are more common and antifungal drugs are used everywhere to treat those common infections. To conduct a study by determining the antifungal susceptibility pattern in dermatophytic isolates from patients attending dermatology OPD in a tertiary care hospital. A total of 217 samples like hair, nail and skin scrapings were obtained and isolation of dermatophytes was done. Antifungal susceptibility testing for dermatophytes was performed by micro broth dilution method. Antifungal drugs tested were Griseofulvin, Fluconazole, Itraconazole and Ketoconazole. Minimum inhibitory concentration for each drug for fungal isolates was tested and results studied. Fluconazole showed a higher MIC values in the range of 1-8µg/ml. Itraconazole showed the lowest MIC values by micro broth dilution method. Since there is limitation of standard guidelines and protocol, meticulous research must be conducted on effect of antifungals and derive at universally implementable guidelines.

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Epidemiology, species distribution, and outcome of nosocomial Candida spp. bloodstream infection in Shanghai: an 11-year retrospective analysis in a tertiary care hospital

Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials ◽

10.1186/s12941-021-00441-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yan-Jun Zheng ◽

Ting Xie ◽

Lin Wu ◽

Xiao-Ying Liu ◽

Ling Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Antifungal Therapy ◽

Species Distribution ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Clinical Severity ◽

Severe Neutropenia ◽

Care Hospital ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background The incidence of Candida bloodstream infections (BSIs), has increased over time. In this study, we aimed to describe the current epidemiology of Candida BSI in a large tertiary care hospital in Shanghai and to determine the risk factors of 28-day mortality and the impact of antifungal therapy on clinical outcomes. Methods All consecutive adult inpatients with Candida BSI at Ruijin Hospital between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2018, were enrolled. Underlying diseases, clinical severity, species distribution, antifungal therapy, and their impact on the outcomes were analyzed. Results Among the 370 inpatients with 393 consecutive episodes of Candida BSI, the incidence of nosocomial Candida BSI was 0.39 episodes/1000 hospitalized patients. Of the 393 cases, 299 (76.1%) were treated with antifungal therapy (247 and 52 were treated with early appropriate and targeted antifungal therapy, respectively). The overall 28-day mortality rate was 28.5%, which was significantly lower in those who received early appropriate (25.5%) or targeted (23.1%) antifungal therapy than in those who did not (39.4%; P = 0.012 and P = 0.046, respectively). In multivariate Cox regression analysis, age, chronic renal failure, mechanical ventilation, and severe neutropenia were found to be independent risk factors of the 28-day mortality rate. Patients who received antifungal therapy had a lower mortality risk than did those who did not. Conclusions The incidence of Candida BSI has increased steadily in the past 11 years at our tertiary care hospital in Shanghai. Antifungal therapy influenced short-term survival, but no significant difference in mortality was observed between patients who received early appropriate and targeted antifungal therapy.

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