A study on the effects of soil moisture, air humidity, and air temperature on wind speed threshold for dust emissions in the Taklimakan Desert

Abstract Through modification of structural characteristics, ecological processes such as fire can affect microhabitat parameters, which in turn can influence community composition dynamics. The prevalence of high-severity forest fires is increasing in the southern and western United States, creating the necessity to better understand effects of high-severity fire, and subsequent postfire management actions, on forest ecosystems. In this study we used a recent high-severity wildfire in the Lost Pines ecoregion of Texas to assess effects of the wildfire and postfire clearcutting on six microclimate parameters: air temperature, absolute humidity, mean wind speed, maximum wind speed, soil temperature, and soil moisture. We also assessed differences between burned areas and burned and subsequently clearcut areas for short-term survivorship of loblolly pine Pinus taeda seedling trees. We found that during the summer months approximately 2 y after the wildfire, mean and maximum wind speed differed between unburned and burned areas, as well as burned and burned and subsequently clearcut areas. Our results indicated air temperature, absolute humidity, soil temperature, and soil moisture did not differ between unburned and burned areas, or burned and burned and subsequently clearcut areas, during the study period. We found that short-term survivorship of loblolly pine seedling trees was influenced primarily by soil type, but was also lower in clearcut habitat compared with habitat containing dead standing trees. Ultimately, however, the outcome of the reforestation initiative will likely depend primarily on whether or not the trees can survive drought conditions in the future, and this study indicates there is flexibility in postfire management options prior to reseeding. Further, concerns about negative wildfire effects on microclimate parameters important to the endangered Houston toad Bufo (Anaxyrus) houstonensis were not supported in this study.

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Observed Key Surface Parameters for Characterizing Land–Atmospheric Interactions in the Northern Marginal Zone of the Taklimakan Desert, China

Atmosphere ◽

10.3390/atmos9120458 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 458 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lili Jin ◽

Zhenjie Li ◽

Qing He ◽

Yongqiang Liu ◽

Ali Mamtimin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Marginal Zone ◽

Peak Frequency ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Taklimakan Desert ◽

Prevailing Wind ◽

Surface Parameters ◽

The Taklimakan Desert ◽

The Mean ◽

Atmospheric Interactions

An observational data set of the year 2010 at a site in the northern marginal zone of the Taklimakan Desert (TD) was used to analyse the key surface parameters in land–atmospheric interactions in the desert climate of northwest China. We found that the surface albedo (α) and emissivity (ε) were 0.27 and 0.91, respectively, which were consistent with the values obtained based on observations in the hinterland of the TD as well as being similar to the dry parts of the Great Basin desert in North America, where they were comparable to the α and ε values retrieved from remote sensing products. Peak frequency value of z0m was 5.858 × 10−3 m, which was similar to the Mojave Desert, Peruvian desert, Sonoran Desert, HEIFE (Heihe region) Desert, and Badain Jaran Desert. The peak frequency value of z0h was 1.965 × 10−4 m, which was different from those obtained in the hinterland of the TD. The average annual value of excess resistance to heat transfer (kB−1) was 2.5, which was different from those obtained in the HEIFE Gobi and desert, but they were similar to those determined for the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau and HAPEX-Sahel. Both z0m and z0h varied less diurnally but notably seasonally, and kB−1 exhibited weak diurnal and seasonal variations. We also found that z0m was strongly influenced by the local wind direction. There were many undulating sand dunes in the prevailing wind and opposite to the prevailing wind, which were consistent with the directions of the peak z0m value. The mean values calculated over 24 h for Cd and Ch were 6.34 × 10−3 and 5.96 × 10−3, respectively, which were larger than in the Gobi area, hinterland of the TD and semiarid areas, but similar to HEIFE desert. Under the normal prevailing (NNE–ESE) wind, the mean bulk transfer coefficient Cd and Ch were of the same order of magnitude as expected based on similarity theory. Using the data obtained under different wind directions, we determined the relationships between Cd, Ch, the wind speed U, and stability parameter z/L, and the results were different. Cd and Ch decreased rapidly as the wind speed dropped below 3.0 m s−1 and their minimum values reached around 1–2 m s−1. It should also be noted that the ε values estimated using the sensible heat flux (H) were better compared with those produced using other estimation methods.

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PENGARUH BUKAAN SAMPING (CLERESTORY) TERHADAP KUALITAS KENYAMANAN TERMAL PADA FOOD CARNIVAL, MALL AEON BSD

Vitruvian ◽

10.22441/vitruvian.2019.v9i1.005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Tathia Edra Swasti

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Thermal Comfort ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Effective Temperature ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Air Velocity ◽

Predicted Mean Vote ◽

Air Speed ◽

The Right

ABSTRAK Mall saat ini marak menggunakan clerestory sebagai salah satu upaya untuk penerangan alami pada siang hari. Namun, cahaya matahari pada sore hari (barat) akan menghasilkan cahaya matahari yang lebih panas dan silau dibandingkan cahaya matahari pada pagi hari (timur). Oleh karena itu, dengan pemakaian clerestory yang cukup besar pada bangunan, masalah panas tentu tak dapat dihindari. Begitu pula dengan glare yang berasal dari pantulan sinar matahari. Salah satu Mall yang menggunakan clerestory adalah Mall AEON BSD. Pengukuran suhu udara, temperatur efektif, kelembaban udara, kecepatan angin, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) dan PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) dilaksanakan pada 4 waktu dengan 5 lokasi titik ukur yang memiliki kondisi berbeda untuk membuktikan bahwa clerestory dapat mempengaruhi kenyamanan termal. Disimpulkan bahwa titik 2 yaitu titik yang berdekatan dengan clerestory sisi kanan (ukurannya lebih kecil daripada clerestory sisi kiri) memiliki temperatur efektif dan kelembaban udara yang lebih rendah dari titik lain, dan kecepatan udara (dipengaruhi oleh hembusan AC) lebih tinggi dari titik lain. Responden merasa nyaman saat berada di titik tersebut.Titik paling nyaman menurut responden adalah titik 2 dengan TE rata-rata berkisar 27,4˚C, kelembaban udara rata-rata berkisar 52,2%, kecepatan udara rata-rata berkisar 0,15 m/s, PMV berkisar 0,5 dan PPD berkisar 12,7%. Dengan begitu semakin kecil ukuran skylight terbukti mempengaruhi kenyamanan termal dan membuat kenyamanan termal dapat tercapai. Kata Kunci: Mall, Clerestory, PMV, PPD, Kenyamanan Termal ABSTRACT Nowadays mall is decorated with clerestory as an effort to lighten naturally during the day. However, sunlight in the afternoon (west) will produce more sunlight and glare than sunlight in the morning (east). Therefore, with the use of a fairly large clerestory in buildings, the problem of heat certainly can not be avoided. Similarly, glare that comes from the reflection of sunlight. One of the malls that use clerestory is BSD AEON Mall. Measurement of air temperature, effective temperature, air humidity, wind speed, PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) and PPD (Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) carried out at 4 times within 5 measuring spots that have different conditions, proving that clerestory can affect thermal comfort. It was concluded that point 2, which is the point adjacent to the right side clerestory (smaller in size than the left side clerestory) has an effective temperature and lower air humidity than other points, and air velocity (affected by blowing AC) is higher than other points. Respondents felt comfortable when they were at that point. The most comfortable point according to respondents was point 2 with TE averaging around 27.4˚C, air humidity averaged 52.2%, the average air speed ranged from 0.15 m / s, PMV ranges from 0.5 and PPD ranges from 12.7%. Thus, the smaller size of the clerestory is affecting thermal comfort and thermal comfort can be achieved. Keywords: Mall, Clerestory, PMV, PPD, Thermal Comfort

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Modelling of Multi Input Transfer Function for Rainfall Forecasting in Batu City

CAUCHY ◽

10.18860/ca.v5i1.4288 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Priska Arindya Purnama

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Wind Speed ◽

Transfer Function ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Multivariate Time Series ◽

Time Series Model ◽

Transfer Function Model ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Rainfall Forecasting ◽

Function Model

The aim of this research is to model and forecast the rainfall in Batu City using multi input transfer function model based on air temperature, humidity, wind speed and cloud. Transfer function model is a multivariate time series model which consists of an output series (Yt) sequence expected to be effected by an input series (Xt) and other inputs in a group called a noise series (Nt). Multi input transfer function model obtained is (b1,s1,r1) (b2,s2,r2) (b3,s3,r3) (b4,s4,r4)(pn,qn) = (0,0,0) (23,0,0) (1,2,0) (0,0,0) ([5,8],2) and shows that air temperature on t-day affects rainfall on t-day, rainfall on t-day is influenced by air humidity in the previous 23 days, rainfall on t-day is affected by wind speed in the previous day , and rainfall on day t is affected by clouds on day t. The results of rainfall forecasting in Batu City with multi input transfer function model can be said to be accurate, because it produces relatively small RMSE value. The value of RMSE data forecasting training is 7.7921 while forecasting data testing is 4.2184. Multi-input transfer function model is suitable for rainfall in Batu City.

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A Method for Estimating the Threshold Wind Speed for Dust Emissions as a Function of Soil Moisture

Boundary-Layer Meteorology ◽

10.1007/s10546-020-00500-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 175 (2) ◽

pp. 237-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dai Matsushima ◽

Reiji Kimura ◽

Yasunori Kurosaki ◽

Ulgiichimeg Ganzorig ◽

Masato Shinoda

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Wind Speed ◽

Dust Emissions ◽

Threshold Wind Speed

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Environmental Assessment of the Impact of Meteorological Parameters on Man-Made Pollution by Carcinogenicly Dangerous Chemicals in the Voronezh Air Basin

Ecology and Industry of Russia ◽

10.18412/1816-0395-2021-2-60-65 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 60-65

Author(s):

S.A. Kurolap ◽

V.S. Petrosyan ◽

O.V. Klepikov ◽

V.V. Kulnev ◽

D.Yu. Martynov

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Meteorological Parameters ◽

Carcinogenic Risk ◽

Meteorological Conditions ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Maximum Permissible Level ◽

Relative Air Humidity ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

Based on the analysis of official statistics from the Voronezh Hydrometeorological Service, the patterns of the dynamics of pollutants (formaldehyde and soot) are investigated depending on the combination of various meteorological parameters — air temperature, wind speed, relative air humidity. A positive relationship has been established between the increase in atmospheric pollution with formaldehyde and air temperature. With increasing wind speed and relative humidity, the concentration of formaldehyde and soot in the atmosphere of the city, as a rule, decrease. The maximum permissible level of carcinogenic risk to public health has been established, causing concern. The obtained patterns can be used to predict the level of technogenic pollution of the city’s atmosphere, depending on meteorological conditions.

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Raspberry Pi for Autonomous Home Farm Control

10.20944/preprints202107.0178.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ildar Rakhmatulin

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Soil Moisture ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Raspberry Pi ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Optimal Temperature ◽

Earth Temperature

This manuscript presented an autonomous home farm for predicting metrological characteristics that can not only automate the process of growing crops but also, due to a neural network, significantly increase the productivity of the farm. The developed farm monitors and manages the following indicators: illumination, soil PH, air temperature, earth temperature, air humidity, CO2 concentration, and soil moisture. The presented farm can also be considered as a device for testing various weather conditions to determine the optimal temperature characteristics for different crops. This farm as a result is completely autonomous grows tomatoes at home.

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KEANEKARAGAMAN ACARINA DI PUSAT INOVASI AGRO TEKNOLOGI MANGUNAN

Jurnal Penelitian Saintek ◽

10.21831/jps.v25i1.28464 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 62-71

Author(s):

Soenarwan Hery Poerwanto ◽

Anggun Handiani ◽

Dila Hening Windyaraini

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Technology Innovation ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Annona Squamosa ◽

Wiener Diversity Index ◽

Sample Extraction ◽

Sampling Points

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman Acarina dan faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi keberadaan Acarina di Pusat Inovasi Agro Teknologi (PIAT) Mangunan, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PIAT Mangunan untuk pengambilan sampel dan Laboratorium Sistematika Hewan bagian Parasitologi Fakultas Biologi UGM untuk preparasi dan identifikasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah ekstraksi sampel menggunakan corong Barlese Tullgren dengan beberapa modifikasi. Sampel diambil pada 3 area vegetasi (sirsak, srikaya, dan sawo) dan setiap area diambil lima titik sampling. Pengukuran lingkungan meliputi kelembaban udara dan suhu udara diukur dengan alat higrometer, pH, dan suhu tanah dengan soil tester digital, serta kelembaban tanah dengan soil tester Takemura DM-5. Acarina yang diperoleh dilihat di bawah mikroskop dan di-mounting dengan larutan hoyer’s. Identifikasi Acarina menggunakan buku identifikasi A Manual of Acarology. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian dianalisis menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener. Berdasarkan identifikasi Acarina yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan 20 Family dan 28 Genus dan 399 cacah individu. Tingkat keanekaragaman Acarina termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi kehadiran Acarina adalah suhu dan kelembaban.THE DIVERSITY OF ACARINA IN AGRO TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION CENTER MANGUNANThis study was aimed at determining the diversity of Acarina and environmental factors that affect the existence Acarina at Agro Technology Innovation Center (ATIC) Mangunan, Yogyakarta. This study was conducting at ATIC Mangunan for sampling and the Animal Systematics Laboratory of the Parasitology, Faculty of Biology, Gajah Mada University for preparation and identification. The method used was sample extraction using Barlese Tullgren funnel with several modifications. Samples were taken at 3 vegetation areas (soursop, sarikaya a.k.a Annona squamosa, and sapodilla) and each area was taken five sampling points. The environmental measurements include air humidity and air temperature measured by means of a hygrometer, pH and soil temperature with digital soil tester, and soil moisture with a soil tester Takemura DM-5. Acarina obtained was seen under a microscope and mounted with Hoyer’s solution. The identification of Acarina using identification book A Manual of Acarology. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Based on Acarina’s identification, 20 families and 28 genera and 399 individual numbers were obtained. The level of diversity of Acarina is categorized as the medium category. The environmental factors that influence the presence of Acarina are temperature and humidity.

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Changes of the Microbiota Composition on the Surface of Pig Carcasses during Chilling and Its Associations with Alterations in Chiller’s Temperature and Air Humidity

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10092195 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 2195

Author(s):

Xiaonan Jia ◽

Yingqun Nian ◽

Di Zhao ◽

Juqing Wu ◽

Chunbao Li

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Dynamic Simulation ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Air Humidity ◽

Airborne Microorganisms ◽

Resistant Genes ◽

Spatial Changes ◽

Temporal And Spatial ◽

Pig Carcasses

In this study, we investigated changes of microbiota composition on the surface of pig carcasses during chilling and their associations with temporal and spatial changes of wind speed, air temperature, and air humidity. The composition of microbiota on a carcass surface varied greatly with sampling sites; in particular, the surfaces of forelegs and neck had higher load of microorganisms and different microbiota composition compared to in the air and other carcass parts. However, such a difference in the microbiota composition decreased as chilling time extended. The positive detection ratios of microbial genes resistant to sulfonamides, quinolones, tetracyclines, and β-lactams were found different greatly with chilling time and sampling sites. The β-lactam and tetracycline resistant genes were observed in higher ratios in airborne microorganisms in the chiller, while the sulfa and tetracycline resistant genes had higher ratios in the microbiota on pig carcasses. Actual measurements and dynamic simulation showed that air temperature and humidity varied greatly among different places in a chiller within the first 8 h of chilling, with higher values close to the door, but the differences became smaller afterwards. The micro-environmental differences and changes in the chiller may cause the different composition of microbiota on pig carcasses.

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