How does biochar influence soil N cycle? A meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 426 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 211-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Liu ◽  
Yanhui Zhang ◽  
Benjuan Liu ◽  
James E. Amonette ◽  
Zhibin Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Cycle ◽  
Soil N Cycle

scholarly journals The soil N cycle: new insights and key challenges

SOIL ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. van Groenigen ◽  
D. Huygens ◽  
P. Boeckx ◽  
Th. W. Kuyper ◽  
I. M. Lubbers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
N Cycling ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Personal View ◽  
Total N ◽  
N Cycle ◽  
Soil N Cycle

Abstract. The study of soil N cycling processes has been, is, and will be at the centre of attention in soil science research. The importance of N as a nutrient for all biota; the ever-increasing rates of its anthropogenic input in terrestrial (agro)ecosystems; its resultant losses to the environment; and the complexity of the biological, physical, and chemical factors that regulate N cycling processes all contribute to the necessity of further understanding, measuring, and altering the soil N cycle. Here, we review important insights with respect to the soil N cycle that have been made over the last decade, and present a personal view on the key challenges of future research. We identify three key challenges with respect to basic N cycling processes producing gaseous emissions: 1. quantifying the importance of nitrifier denitrification and its main controlling factors; 2. characterizing the greenhouse gas mitigation potential and microbiological basis for N2O consumption; 3. characterizing hotspots and hot moments of denitrification Furthermore, we identified a key challenge with respect to modelling: 1. disentangling gross N transformation rates using advanced 15N / 18O tracing models Finally, we propose four key challenges related to how ecological interactions control N cycling processes: 1. linking functional diversity of soil fauna to N cycling processes beyond mineralization; 2. determining the functional relationship between root traits and soil N cycling; 3. characterizing the control that different types of mycorrhizal symbioses exert on N cycling; 4. quantifying the contribution of non-symbiotic pathways to total N fixation fluxes in natural systems We postulate that addressing these challenges will constitute a comprehensive research agenda with respect to the N cycle for the next decade. Such an agenda would help us to meet future challenges on food and energy security, biodiversity conservation, water and air quality, and climate stability.

scholarly journals Assisted phytoextraction of heavy metals: compost and Trichoderma effects on giant reed (Arundo donax L.) uptake and soil N-cycle microflora

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nunzio Fiorentino ◽  
Massimo Fagnano ◽  
Paola Adamo ◽  
Adriana Impagliazzo ◽  
Mauro Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Arundo Donax ◽  
Giant Reed ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Cycle ◽  
Soil N Cycle ◽  
Assisted Phytoextraction ◽  
Arundo Donax L

Influences of irrigation and fertilization on soil N cycle and losses from wheat–maize cropping system in northern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 116852
Author(s):  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Guangmin Xiao ◽  
Roland Bol ◽  
Ligang Wang ◽  
Yuping Zhuge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping System ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Cycle ◽  
Soil N Cycle

scholarly journals The soil N cycle: new insights and key challenges

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 623-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. van Groenigen ◽  
D. Huygens ◽  
P. Boeckx ◽  
T. W. Kuyper ◽  
I. M. Lubbers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Traits ◽  
Science Research ◽  
N Cycling ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Personal View ◽  
N Cycle ◽  
Soil N Cycle

Abstract. The study of soil N cycling processes has been, is, and will be at the center of attention in soil science research. The importance of N as a nutrient for all biota; the ever increasing rates of its anthropogenic input in terrestrial (agro)ecosystems; its resultant losses to the environment; and the complexity of the biological, physical, and chemical factors that regulate N cycling processes all contribute to the necessity of further understanding, measurement and mitigation of the soil N cycle. Here, we review important insights with respect to the soil N cycle that have been made over the last decade, and present a personal view on the key challenges for future research (Fig. 1). We identified four key questions with respect to N cycling processes: 1. How large is the contribution of non-symbiotic N fixation in natural systems? 2. How important is nitrifier denitrification and what are its main controlling factors? 3. What is the greenhouse gas mitigation potential and microbiological basis for N2O consumption? 4. How can we characterize hot-spots and hot-moments of denitrification? Furthermore, we propose three questions about proximal controls on N cycling processes: 1. How does functional diversity of soil fauna affect N cycling beyond mineralization? 2. What is the functional relationship between root traits and soil N cycling? 3. To what extent do different types of mycorrhizal symbioses (differentially) affect N cycling? Finally, we identified a key challenge with respect to modelling: 1. How can advanced 15N/18O tracing models help us to better disentangle gross N transformation rates? We postulate that addressing these questions would constitute a comprehensive research agenda with respect to the N cycle for the next decade. Such an agenda would help us to meet future challenges on food and energy security, biodiversity conservation and climate stability.

Response of microbial functional groups involved in soil N cycle to N, P and NP fertilization in Tibetan alpine meadows

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 195-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbin Ma ◽  
Shengjing Jiang ◽  
Féline Assemien ◽  
Mingsen Qin ◽  
Beibei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Alpine Meadows ◽  
N Cycle ◽  
Microbial Functional Groups ◽  
Soil N Cycle

scholarly journals Control of soil N cycle processes byPteridium aquilinumandErica cinereain heathlands along a pH gradient

Ecosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e02426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clément Bardon ◽  
Boris Misery ◽  
Florence Piola ◽  
Franck Poly ◽  
Xavier Le Roux
Keyword(s):  
Ph Gradient ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Cycle ◽  
Soil N Cycle

scholarly journals Deforestation for oil palm alters the fundamental balance of the soil N cycle

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Liz Hamilton ◽  
Mark Trimmer ◽  
Chris Bradley ◽  
Gilles Pinay
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Cycle ◽  
Soil N Cycle

scholarly journals Reviews and syntheses: Soil N<sub>2</sub>O and NO emissions from land use and land-use change in the tropics and subtropics: a meta-analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 7299-7313 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. van Lent ◽  
K. Hergoualc'h ◽  
L. V. Verchot
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Soil N ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
No Emissions

Abstract. Deforestation and forest degradation in the tropics may substantially alter soil N-oxide emissions. It is particularly relevant to accurately quantify those changes to properly account for them in a REDD+ climate change mitigation scheme that provides financial incentives to reduce the emissions. With this study we provide updated land use (LU)-based emission rates (104 studies, 392 N2O and 111 NO case studies), we determine the trend and magnitude of flux changes with land-use change (LUC) using a meta-analysis approach (44 studies, 135 N2O and 37 NO cases) and evaluate biophysical drivers of N2O and NO emissions and emission changes for the tropics. The average N2O and NO emissions in intact upland tropical forest amounted to 2.0 ± 0.2 (n = 90) and 1.7 ± 0.5 (n = 36) kg N ha−1 yr−1, respectively. In agricultural soils annual N2O emissions were exponentially related to N fertilization rates and average water-filled pore space (WFPS) whereas in non-agricultural sites a Gaussian response to WFPS fit better with the observed NO and N2O emissions. The sum of soil N2O and NO fluxes and the ratio of N2O to NO increased exponentially and significantly with increasing nitrogen availability (expressed as NO3− / [NO3−+NH4+]) and WFPS, respectively; following the conceptual Hole-In-the-Pipe model. Nitrous and nitric oxide fluxes did not increase significantly overall as a result of LUC (Hedges's d of 0.11 ± 0.11 and 0.16 ± 0.19, respectively), however individual LUC trajectories or practices did. Nitrous oxide fluxes increased significantly after intact upland forest conversion to croplands (Hedges's d = 0.78 ± 0.24) and NO increased significantly following the conversion of low forest cover (secondary forest younger than 30 years, woodlands, shrublands) (Hedges's d of 0.44 ± 0.13). Forest conversion to fertilized systems significantly and highly raised both N2O and NO emission rates (Hedges's d of 1.03 ± 0.23 and 0.52 ± 0.09, respectively). Changes in nitrogen availability and WFPS were the main factors explaining changes in N2O emissions following LUC, therefore it is important that experimental designs monitor their spatio-temporal variation. Gaps in the literature on N oxide fluxes included geographical gaps (Africa, Oceania) and LU gaps (degraded forest, wetland (notably peat) forest, oil palm plantation and soy cultivation).

scholarly journals Nitrogen availability controls plant carbon storage with warming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guiyao Zhou ◽  
César Terrer ◽  
Bruce Hungate ◽  
Natasja van Gestel ◽  
Xuhui Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Belowground Biomass ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Soil N ◽  
C Storage ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract Plants may slow global warming through enhanced growth, because increased levels of photosynthesis stimulate the land carbon (C) sink. However, the key drivers determining responses of plants to warming remain unclear, causing uncertainty in climate projections. Using meta- analysis, we show that the effect of experimental warming on plant biomass is best explained by soil nitrogen (N) availability. Warming-induced changes in total, aboveground and belowground biomass all positively correlated with soil C:N ratio, an indicator of soil N availability. In factorial N × warming experiments, warming increased plant biomass more strongly under low N than under high N availability. Together, these results suggest that warming stimulates plant C storage most strongly in ecosystems where N limits plant growth. Thus, incorporating the soil N status of ecosystems into Earth system models may improve predictions of future carbon-climate feedbacks.

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