Comparing the main effects and moderating effects of education among three models in IT service: a quantitative approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chieh-Peng Lin ◽  
Cherng G. Ding
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
It Service ◽  
Main Effects

The Relation Between Teachers' Diagnostic Sensitivity, their Instructional Activities, and their Students' Achievement Gains in Reading*

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Behrmann ◽  
Elmar Souvignier
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Classroom Management ◽  
Reading Program ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Judgment Accuracy ◽  
Achievement Gains ◽  
Instructional Activities ◽  
Main Effects

Single studies suggest that the effectiveness of certain instructional activities depends on teachers' judgment accuracy. However, sufficient empirical data is still lacking. In this longitudinal study (N = 75 teachers and 1,865 students), we assessed if the effectiveness of teacher feedback was moderated by judgment accuracy in a standardized reading program. For the purpose of a discriminant validation, moderating effects of teachers' judgment accuracy on their classroom management skills were examined. As expected, multilevel analyses revealed larger reading comprehension gains when teachers provided students with a high number of feedbacks and simultaneously demonstrated high judgment accuracy. Neither interactions nor main effects were found for classroom management skills on reading comprehension. Moreover, no significant interactions with judgment accuracy but main effects were found for both feedback and classroom management skills concerning reading strategy knowledge gains. The implications of the results are discussed.

Pro-veganism on Instagram

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-704
Author(s):  
Joe Phua ◽  
S. Venus Jin ◽  
Jihoon (Jay) Kim
Keyword(s):  
Information Value ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Responses ◽  
Message Type ◽  
Source Type ◽  
Health Marketing ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Main Effects

PurposeThrough two experiments, this study assessed source and message effects of Instagram-based pro-veganism messages.Design/methodology/approachExperiment 1 (N = 294) examined effects of organization (brand vs nonprofit) and message types (egoistic vs altruistic) on consumer responses to Instagram-based pro-veganism content. Experiment 2 (N = 288) examined effects of source type (celebrity vs noncelebrity) and message valence (positive vs negative) on consumer responses to Instagram-based pro-veganism content.FindingsResults demonstrated significant main effects of organization type, with consumers indicating more positive attitudes and higher credibility toward the brand. Significant main effects of message type were also found, with altruistic messages eliciting higher perceived information value than egoistic messages. Subjective norms had moderating effects on attitude toward the organization, while attitude toward veganism had moderating effects on perceived information value. Results also indicated significant main effects of message valence on perceived information value of pro-veganism Instagram posts and significant interaction effects of the two manipulated factors on intention to spread electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) about pro-veganism.Originality/valueImplications for use of Instagram-based health marketing communication about veganism were discussed. Specifically, organizations looking to use social media to influence attitudes and behavioral intentions toward health issues should seek to reach their target audiences through selecting endorsers and messages that will optimally present the health issue in a relatable and engaging way.

Athlete Characteristics and Team Competitive Performance as Moderators for the Relationship Between Coach Transformational Leadership and Athlete Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai C. Bormann ◽  
Paul Schulte-Coerne ◽  
Mathias Diebig ◽  
Jens Rowold
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Intellectual Stimulation ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Competitive Performance ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
Source Sample ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Player Performance

The goal of this study is to examine the effects of coaches’ transformational leadership on player performance. To advance existing research, we examine (a) effects on individual and team performance and (b) consider joint moderating effects of players’ win orientation and teams’ competitive performance on the leadership– individual performance link. In a three-source sample from German handball teams, we collected data on 336 players and 30 coaches and teams. Results showed positive main effects of transformational leadership’s facet of articulating a vision (AV) on team and individual performance and negative main effects of providing an appropriate model (PAM) on team performance. With regard to moderating effects, AV increased and PAM decreased individual performance when both moderators were low, and intellectual stimulation had a positive effect when both were high. This study expands insights into the potential and limitation of transformational leadership with a strong focus on the role of situational contingencies.

scholarly journals Store Format Diversification, Customer Orientation and the Performance of Foreign Retailers

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 60-74
Author(s):  
Boryana V. Dimitrova ◽  
Saejoon Kim ◽  
Brent Smith ◽  
Junhee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Country Characteristics ◽  
Main Effects

Foreign retailers contend with unrelenting challenges to discover and resolve issues affecting their performance in different host country markets. These retailers bear some wealth of international experience and also some liabil-ity of foreignness. Accordingly, managers of foreign retailers must enact strategic decisions that will position their businesses in order to be competitive and profitable. In this study, the authors examine two generally overlooked fac-tors —degree of store format diversification and customer orientation— relating to improved foreign retailer per-formance. The authors also investigate the potential moderating effects of three host country characteristics —retail modernization, collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance— on this relationship. Based on the 2001-2015 panel data for 24 international retailers, results for main effects indicate that foreign retailer performance is influenced nega-tively by store format diversification and positively by customer orientation. These effects are moderated by host country retail modernization, collectivism, and uncertainty avoidance. In particular, host country retail modernization reverses, from negative to positive, the influence of store format diversification on foreign retailer performance. Fur-thermore, both collectivism and uncertainty avoidance strengthen the positive influence of customer orientation on foreign retailer performance. Finally, uncertainty avoidance strengthens the negative influence of store format diver-sification on foreign retailer performance.

Moderating Effects of Affective Disposition and Social Support on the Relationship between Person-Environment Fit and Strain

1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 963-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deanne Smith ◽  
Aharon Tziner
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Work Satisfaction ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Person Environment Fit ◽  
Affective Disposition ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive And Negative Affectivity

The moderating effects of affective disposition and social support on the relationship between fit and strains were examined. Person-environment fit was measured in terms of occupational needs and reinforcers. Both positive and negative affectivity were investigated. Data were collected by means of a self-report questionnaire from 241 nurses in a Canadian hospital. Consistent with previous findings, fit was related to work satisfaction and all but one measure of psychological strain. Some support was found for the moderating effects of positive affectivity on work satisfaction and burnout, and scores on both positive and negative affectivity showed significant main effects on strain measures. Although there was no evidence of a buffering effect for social support, main effects of social support were significant for work satisfaction and one component of burnout, i.e., emotional exhaustion. Implications are discussed and recommendations for future research proposed.

Employee voice and perceived attractiveness: are less attractive employees ignored in the workplace?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Timming ◽  
Chris Baumann ◽  
Paul Gollan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Workplace Discrimination ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Physically Attractive

PurposeThe paper aims to examine the effect of employees' perceived physical attractiveness on the extent to which their voices are “listened to” by management.Design/methodology/approachUsing an experimental research design, the paper estimates main effects of employee attractiveness and possible moderating effects of employee race and gender as well as the gender of their “managers.”FindingsThe results suggest that, with few exceptions, more physically attractive employees are significantly more likely to have their suggestions acted upon by managers than less attractive employees, pointing to a powerful form of workplace discrimination. This finding holds across races, with more attractive white, black, and Asian employees exerting a more impactful voice than their less attractive counterparts, although the moderation appears to be stronger for whites than ethnic minorities.Research limitations/implicationsThe results have important implications for the extant literatures on employee voice, diversity and discrimination.Originality/valueThis is among the first studies to demonstrate that less attractive employees suffer from an “employee voice deficit” vis-à-vis their more attractive counterparts.

Comments on “The Effects of Leader-Member Exchange and Differential Treatment on Work Unit Commitment”: Distinguishing between Neutralizing and Moderating Effects

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Xu ◽  
John E. Barbuto
Keyword(s):  
Unit Commitment ◽  
Differential Treatment ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Work Unit ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Relationship

Van Breukelen, Konst, and van der Vlist in 2002 examined how members' perceptions of differential treatment from the leader affect the relationship between Leader-Member exchange and work unit commitment. This paper offers commentary, with specific focus on the judgment call for examining continuous effects across all levels of differential treatment. To justify the role of differential treatment as a neutralizer that weakens the influence of Leader-Member exchange on work unit commitment, the regression coefficients of work unit commitment on Leader-Member Exchange should be examined continuously with discriminable differential treatment. As a caution against using “neutralizer” based on the research results presented, “moderator” is suggested as the more appropriate descriptor of the role that differential treatment played. Also, the nature of the interaction between Leader-Member exchange quality and work unit commitment is explored, suggesting research should focus more on the main effects.

Managing Distributed Projects Across Cultures

2011 ◽  
pp. 60-72
Author(s):  
Roberto Evaristo
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Traditional View ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Team Processes ◽  
Main Effects

A model of cross-cultural distributed project management is proposed. The model is based on recent theoretical developments regarding trust and team processes and suggests that trust relates to cultural differences between distributed members. Trust affects project performance in two key ways: through the traditional view of main effects on performance, and via moderating effects on other determinants of performance in distributed projects. We also use a task characteristics categorization, together with several mini-case studies, to create a set of guidelines for best practices for management of cross-cultural distributed projects.

scholarly journals The Relation Between Early Adolescent Physical Activity and Internalizing Problems: Variations in Exercise Motivations as a Critical Moderator

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 662-688
Author(s):  
Stephen G. Taylor ◽  
Nicole Zarrett ◽  
Alex M. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Intrinsic Motivations ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Theory Framework

Inconsistencies exist regarding the relation between physical activity (PA) and internalizing symptomology in early adolescence, and there is need for investigation of potential moderators that may account for these discrepancies. The current study utilized a Self-Determination Theory Framework to investigate the main effects of five key motivations to exercise and their moderating effects between PA and internalizing problems in an underserved sample of adolescents ( n = 167; mean age = 12.19 years; 73% African American). Analyses showed that intrinsic motivations were negatively related to internalizing problems and extrinsic motivations were positively related. PA was only protective against internalizing problems when intrinsic motivations were high and had iatrogenic effects when these were low. Exploratory analyses further delineated the unique effects of motivational orientations. Clinical implications and future research directions are discussed.

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