Analysis of mental disorders in tinnitus patients performed with Composite International Diagnostic Interview

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 2095-2104 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Zirke ◽  
C. Seydel ◽  
D. Arsoy ◽  
B. F. Klapp ◽  
H. Haupt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview

scholarly journals Psychiatric comorbidity and intellectual disability

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Keyes
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Axis I

Abstract Most research on the prevalence, distribution, and psychiatric comorbidity of intellectual disability (ID) relies on clinical samples, limiting the generalizability and utility of ID assessment in a legal context. This study assessed ID prevalence in a population-representative sample of U.S. adolescents, and examined associations of ID with socio-demographic factors and mental disorders. Data were drawn from the National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement (N = 6256). ID was defined as: 1) IQ ≤ 76, measured using the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test; and 2) an adaptive behavior score ≤76, measured using a validated scale. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview assessed fifteen lifetime mental disorders. The Sheehan disability scale assessed disorder severity. We used logistic regression models to estimate differences in lifetime disorders for adolescents with and without ID. ID prevalence was 3.2%, and was more common among those with specific phobia (OR = 1.66, 95% C.I. 1.02, 2.68), bipolar disorder (OR = 7.24, 95% C.I. 2.10-24.99), after adjusted for demographic and clinical covariates. Among those with Axis I psychiatric disorder, adolescents with ID and mental disorders were significantly more likely to exhibit severe impairment than those without ID, across a broad range of disorders. These findings highlight how sample selection and overlap between ID and psychopathology symptoms might bias understanding of the mental health consequences of ID. For example, associations between ID and behavior disorders widely reported in clinical samples were not observed in a population-representative sample after adjustment for socio-demographic confounders. Valid assessment and understanding of these constructs may prove influential in the legal system by influencing treatment referrals and capital punishment decisions.

scholarly journals The relationship between mental disorders and actual and desired subjective social status

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. A. de Vries ◽  
M. ten Have ◽  
R. de Graaf ◽  
S. van Dorsselaer ◽  
N. M. P. de Ruiter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Subjective Social Status ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
Healthy Participants

Abstract Aims Mental disorders are associated with lower subjective social status (SSS), but a more nuanced understanding of this relationship is needed. We examined the influence of disorder age of onset and recency on SSS and studied whether mental disorders are also associated with the discrepancy between actual and desired SSS. Method Data are from the baseline and second wave of the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 (NEMESIS-2). Mental disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0), while both actual and desired SSS were assessed with a ten-rung ladder. Linear regression was used to examine the association between mental disorders and SSS. Results Of 5303 participants, 2237 had a lifetime mental disorder at baseline. These participants reported significantly lower actual SSS (6.28) at follow-up than healthy participants (6.66, B = −0.38 [95% CI −0.48 to −0.27], p < 0.001) and a significantly greater actual-desired SSS discrepancy (1.14 v. 1.05 after controlling for actual SSS, B = 0.09 [0.01–0.17], p = 0.024). Lower age of onset of the first mental disorder was marginally significantly associated with lower actual SSS (B = 0.006 [0.000–0.012], p = 0.046). More recent disorders were also associated with lower actual SSS (B = 0.015 [0.005–0.026], p = 0.005), such that participants whose disorder remitted ⩾6 years before baseline were statistically indistinguishable from healthy participants. Conclusions Lifetime mental disorders are associated with lower actual SSS and a slightly greater discrepancy between actual and desired SSS. However, people with mental disorders in (long-term) remission have a similar social status as healthy participants.

scholarly journals The individual and societal effects of non-psychotic serious mental disorders on earnings in Belgium

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronny Bruffaerts ◽  
Anke Bonnewyn ◽  
Koen Demyttenaere
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcohol Disorders ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Annual Earnings

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the association between non-psychotic serious mental disorders and earnings in the general population of Belgium on both the individual- and society-level.Subjects and methodsData stem from a cross-sectional population study of the non-institutionalized adult (between 18 and 64) population from Belgium (N = 863). The third version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-3.0) was administered to assess 12-month non-psychotic serious mental disorders and annual earnings. Multivariate approaches were used to estimate the observed and estimated annual earnings for persons with serious mental disorders, controlling for sociodemographic variables and alcohol disorders.ResultsOn the individual-level, 12-month serious mental disorders significantly predicted the probability of having any earnings (OR = 0.32; 95%CI = 0.14–0.74). Respondents with serious mental disorders had 12-month earnings of 5969€ less than expected in the absence of serious mental disorders. Taking into account the prevalence of serious mental disorders (i.e. 4.9%), the society-level effects of serious mental disorders in 2002 can be estimated at about 1797 million € per year for the Belgian general population.DiscussionNon-psychotic serious mental disorders had considerable impact on annual earnings.ConclusionThis is the first study in Belgium that addresses the association between mental illness and earnings. Serious mental disorders are associated with individual- and societal-level impairments and loss of human capital.

Australia's Mental Health: An Overview of the General Population Survey

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Henderson ◽  
Gavin Andrews ◽  
Wayne Hall
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Australian Bureau Of Statistics

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to estimate the 1-month and 1-year prevalence of mental disorders in the Australian adult population; to determine the amount of disablement associated with this; and to determine the use of health and other services by persons with common mental disorders. Method: For the Adult Survey, a household sample of 10 600 persons aged 18 years and over were interviewed across Australia by experienced field staff of the Australian Bureau of Statistics. This was 78%% of the target sample. The interview consisted of the composite international diagnostic interview in its automated presentation (CIDI-A) and other components to determine disablement, use of services and satisfaction with services received. The diagnostic classifications used in the analyses were both ICD-10 and DSM-IV. Only the results from ICD-10 are reported here. Results: A total of 17.7%% of the sample had one or more common mental disorders, anxiety, depression, alcohol or substance abuse and neurasthenia. This morbidity was associated with considerable disablement in daily life: 3 days of impaired social role performance in the previous 4 weeks, compared with 1 day for the general population. Of all cases, 64.6%% had had no contact with health services in the previous year; 29.4%% had seen GPs and 7.5%% had seen psychiatrists. Conclusion: Australia now has its own national estimates of psychiatric morbidity. The morbidity is associated with considerable disablement, but most of it is untreated. General practitioners encounter by far the largest proportion of those reaching services.

scholarly journals Parent psychopathology and offspring mental disorders: Results from the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

2012 ◽  
Vol 200 (4) ◽  
pp. 290-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie A. McLaughlin ◽  
Anne M. Gadermann ◽  
Irving Hwang ◽  
Nancy A. Sampson ◽  
Ali Al-Hamzawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Surveys ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Antisocial Behaviour ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
World Health ◽  
Parent Psychopathology ◽  
World Mental Health

BackgroundAssociations between specific parent and offspring mental disorders are likely to have been overestimated in studies that have failed to control for parent comorbidity.AimsTo examine the associations of parent with respondent disorders.MethodData come from the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health Surveys (n = 51 507). Respondent disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and parent disorders with informant-based Family History Research Diagnostic Criteria interviews.ResultsAlthough virtually all parent disorders examined (major depressive, generalised anxiety, panic, substance and antisocial behaviour disorders and suicidality) were significantly associated with offspring disorders in multivariate analyses, little specificity was found. Comorbid parent disorders had significant sub-additive associations with offspring disorders. Population-attributable risk proportions for parent disorders were 12.4% across all offspring disorders, generally higher in high- and upper-middle- than low-/lower-middle-income countries, and consistently higher for behaviour (11.0–19.9%) than other (7.1–14.0%) disorders.ConclusionsParent psychopathology is a robust non-specific predictor associated with a substantial proportion of offspring disorders.

scholarly journals Transtornos mentais como fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de abuso/dependência de cocaína: estudo caso-controle

1999 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia S Lopes ◽  
Evandro S F Coutinho
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o papel dos transtornos mentais e da dependência ao álcool como possíveis fatores de risco para o abuso/dependência de cocaína. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se o desenho caso-controle e a técnica de bola-de-neve (snowball technique) para selecionar uma amostra de usuários de cocaína não tratados na comunidade (casos) e parear casos e controles por sexo, idade e amizade. A coleta de dados foi feita através da utilização do questionário CIDI (Composite International Diagnostic Interview) que gera diagnósticos de acordo com os critérios do Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-III-R. A análise dos dados foi feita através de regressão logística condicional. RESULTADOS: O estudo incluiu 208 indivíduos. Os principais resultados mostraram que história passada de dependência ao álcool era o principal fator associado a um aumento no risco de desenvolvimento de abuso de cocaína (OR=15,1; IC 95% 3,8-60,2); nenhum outro transtorno mental isolado manteve-se significativamente associado ao aumento deste risco após a análise multivariada. Aumento no risco de abuso de cocaína também foi encontrado entre os indivíduos que relataram pensamentos suicidas (OR=3,1; IC 95% 0,91-10,8), sugerindo associação entre quadros mais graves de depressão e abuso de cocaína. CONCLUSÕES: Esses achados sugerem que os programas voltados para a prevenção e tratamento do abuso de cocaína devem estar preparados para o manejo de questões relacionadas à co-morbidade do abuso de drogas com o álcool e outros distúrbios psiquiátricos.

scholarly journals Impact of Substance-Induced and General Medical Condition Exclusion Criteria on the Prevalence of Common Mental Disorders as Defined by the CIDI

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 898-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Sunderland ◽  
Tim Slade ◽  
Tracy M. Anderson ◽  
Lorna Peters
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
General Medical Condition ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objectives: It has been previously argued that the methodology used by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 2.1 to assess the substance-induced and general medical condition exclusion criteria are inadequate. As a result prevalence estimates generated from epidemiological studies using this interview may be underestimated. The purpose of the current study was to examine the substance-induced and general medical condition exclusion criteria in the Australian National Survey for Mental Health and Well-being and determine the impact that they have on prevalence estimates of the common mental disorders. Method: Data from the 1997 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Well-being were analysed. Frequencies were generated as an indication of how many respondents believed that their psychiatric symptoms were always due to a substance or general medical condition. New DSM-IV prevalence estimates were calculated ignoring the application of the substance-induced and general medical condition exclusion criteria and compared to standard DSM-IV prevalence estimates. Results: The effect of the substance-induced and general medical condition exclusion criteria on final prevalence rates were minimal, with approximately a 0.1% increase when the exclusions were ignored. This equates to a relative difference ranging from no difference for generalized anxiety disorder to an increase of 12% of the base prevalence estimate for agoraphobia. Conclusions: In surveys that use the Composite International Diagnostic Interview version 2.1 the substance-induced and general medical condition exclusion criteria have a minor impact on determining final case definition in the majority of mental disorders.

scholarly journals The prevalence of family childhood adversities and their association with first onset of DSM-IV disorders in metropolitan China

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lee ◽  
W. J. Guo ◽  
A. Tsang ◽  
Y. L. He ◽  
Y. Q. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Family Dysfunction ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Childhood Adversities ◽  
Joint Effects ◽  
First Onset ◽  
Best Fitting

BackgroundThe prevalence of family childhood adversities (FCAs) and their joint effects on the first onset of subsequent mental disorders throughout the life course are rarely examined, especially in Asian communities.MethodFace-to-face household interviews of 5201 people aged 18–70 years in Beijing and Shanghai were conducted by a multi-stage household probability sampling method. The first onsets of four broad groups of mental disorders and six categories of FCAs were assessed using The World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI). Joint effects of FCAs were analyzed by the best fitting of several competitive multivariate models.ResultsFCAs were highly prevalent and inter-correlated. Half of them were in a family-dysfunction cluster. The best-fitting model included each of six types of FCA (with family-dysfunction FCAs being the strongest predictors), number of family-dysfunction FCAs, and number of other FCAs. Family-dysfunction FCAs had a significant subadditive association with subsequent disorders. Little specificity was found for the effects of particular FCAs with particular disorders. Predictive effects of FCAs reached the highest in ages 13–24 compared to ages 4–12 and ⩾25. Estimates of population-attributable risk proportions indicated that all FCAs together explained 38.5% of all first-onset disorders.ConclusionsChinese children were exposed to a broad spectrum of inter-related FCAs, as found in Western countries. FCAs related to family dysfunction were especially associated with subsequent mental disorders. Biological and/or environmental factors that mediate these long-term effects should be studied in prospective research on broad groups of FCAs.

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