Monitoring and Predicting Saltwater Intrusion via Temporal Aquifer Vulnerability Maps and Surrogate Models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Faal ◽  
Hamid Reza Ghafouri ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Ashrafi
Keyword(s):  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Surrogate Models ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Vulnerability Maps

scholarly journals First Application of the Integrated Karst Aquifer Vulnerability (IKAV) method. Potential and Actual vulnerability in Yucatan, Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Moreno-Gómez ◽  
Carolina Martínez-Salvador ◽  
Rudolf Lied ◽  
Catalin Stefan ◽  
Julia Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Transport Model ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Vulnerability Maps ◽  
Water Resources Protection

Abstract. Groundwater vulnerability maps are important decision support tools for water resources protection against pollution and helpful to minimize environmental damage. However, these tools carry a high subjectivity along the multiple steps taken for the development of such maps. Additionally, the theoretical models on which they are based do not consider important parameters such as pollutant concentration or pollutant residence time in a given section of the aquifer, solely focusing the analysis on a theoretical travel time from a release point towards a target. In this work, an integrated methodology for the evaluation of potential (intrinsic) and actual vulnerability is presented. This integrated method, named IKAV, was developed after the analysis of several study cases and the application of multiple intrinsic groundwater vulnerability methods in a selected study area. Also, a solute transport model served as the basis to define additional parameters for vulnerability analysis for areas severely affected by anthropogenic practices. A defined workflow and several criteria for parameters and attributes selection, rating and weighting assignment, and vulnerability classification are presented. The first application of the IKAV method was carried out in the Yucatan karst, demonstrating to be a reliable method for vulnerability estimation. Results demonstrated the scope of the IKAV method to highlight important regional conditions, minimizing the subjectivity, and expanding the analysis of vulnerability.

scholarly journals Vulnerability Identification of Hajiabad Plain Aquifer: The DRASTIC Model and the GIS-Based Fuzzy Logic Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117862212110484
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Hassanzadeh ◽  
Mehdi Momeni Reghabadi ◽  
Amir Robati
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Fuzzy Optimization ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Drastic Model ◽  
Vulnerability Maps ◽  
Bandar Abbas

Hajiabad plain with an area of about 158 km2 is located about 160 km north of Bandar Abbas in Iran. Due to the significance of this plain in terms of agricultural and drinking water supply in the region and the declining groundwater level in the region, the withdrawal of water resources has been prohibited in recent years. The purpose of this study is to determine the vulnerability of the aquifer using the DRASTIC model and the optimal method of fuzzy logic as well as the drastic method calibrated with nitrate. Finally, the final vulnerability maps were calibrated with EC values. In order to investigate the hydrogeochemical properties of groundwater resources of the plain, 26 water samples were collected from designated points in different periods of the water year 2018. Water samples were analyzed in Hormozgan soil and water laboratory. Also, the results of water sample data analyzed by Hormozgan Regional Water Organization were used. Assessment of aquifer vulnerability based on vulnerability models showed that the east and parts of the center of the plain were subject to the highest vulnerability, while the southern, southwestern, and northern slopes of the plain were of the lowest vulnerability. The determined coefficients between nitrate and DRASTIC vulnerability models and fuzzy optimization were estimated to be 0.41 and 0.36, respectively. Nitrate concentration validation demonstrated that the vulnerabilities of Hajiabad plain aquifer were almost similar under both drastic model and fuzzy optimization methods.

scholarly journals Karstic aquifer vulnerability assessment methods and results at a test site (Apulia, southern Italy)

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1461-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Polemio ◽  
D. Casarano ◽  
P. P. Limoni
Keyword(s):  
Test Site ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Intrinsic Vulnerability ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Karstic Features ◽  
Spatial Domains ◽  
Vulnerability Maps ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Karstic aquifers are well known for their vulnerability to groundwater contamination. This is due to characteristics such as thin soils and point recharge in dolines, shafts, and swallow holes. In karstic areas, groundwater is often the only freshwater source. This is the case of the Apulia region (south-eastern Italy), where a large and deep carbonate aquifer, affected by karstic and fracturing phenomena, is located. Several methods (GOD, DRASTIC, SINTACS, EPIK, PI, and COP) for the assessment of the intrinsic vulnerability (Iv) were selected and applied to an Apulian test site, for which a complete data set was set up. The intrinsic vulnerability maps, produced using a GIS approach, show vulnerability from low to very high. The maximum vulnerability is always due to karstic features. A comparison approach of the maps is proposed. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed. In general terms, three groups can be distinguished. The GOD method is useful for mapping large areas with high vulnerability contrasts. DRASTIC and SINTACS are "any-type aquifer" methods that have some limitations in applications to karstic aquifers, especially in the case of DRASTIC. EPIK, PI, and COP, which were designed to be applied to carbonate or karstic aquifers, supply affordable results, highly coherent with karstic and hydrogeological features, and reliable procedures, especially in the case of PI and COP. The latter appears simpler to apply and more flexible in considering the role of climatic parameters. If Iv of each method is considered, the highest variability is observed in cells in the neighbourhood of karstic features. In these spatial domains, additional efforts to define more reliable and global methods are required.

GeoEra HOVER WP7 – Harmonized vulnerability to pollution mapping of the upper aquifer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Günther ◽  
Stefan Broda ◽  
Klaus Duscher ◽  
Jörg Reichling ◽  
Susanne Schomburgk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Nitrate Contamination ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Geological Surveys ◽  
Vulnerability Assessments ◽  
The Status ◽  
Vulnerability Maps ◽  
Upper Aquifer

<p>45 Geological Survey Organisations (GSOs) from 32 European countries developed an ERA-NET Co-Fund Action: Establishing the European Geological Surveys Research Area to deliver a Geological Service for Europe (GeoERA). The GeoEra project HOVER (<strong>H</strong>ydrogeological processes and Geological settings <strong>over </strong>Europe controlling dissolved geogenic and anthropogenic elements in groundwater of relevance to human health and the status of dependent ecosystems) aims to gain understanding of the controls on groundwater quality across Europe using the combined expertise and data held by member states. Objectives of the HOVER work package 7 (WP7) are i) review of existing index methods for assessing the vulnerability of the upper aquifer to pollution and selection of the methods to be applied at the pilot and pan-EU scale, ii) compilation and harmonization of input data sets required for assessing vulnerability, and iii) assessment of aquifer vulnerability to pollution (both in maps and 2-d schematic cross sections).</p><p>The selected methodology adopted in this project is DRASTIC, which will be applied in ten pilot areas and at the pan-European scale. In karst regions, however, the COP method will be applied in the pilots. This is accompanied with comparisons with the outcomes of existing national vulnerability assessments. It is anticipated to validate the resulting vulnerability maps at the pilot level using available groundwater nitrate contamination information.</p>

scholarly journals Exploratory assessment of groundwater vulnerability to pollution in the Sordo River Basin, Northeast of Portugal

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cátia Marisa Fraga ◽  
Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes ◽  
Fernando António Leal Pacheco ◽  
Cristina Reis ◽  
João Paulo Moura
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Logarithmic Scale ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Small Watershed ◽  
Drastic Model ◽  
Vulnerability Maps ◽  
Basin Area ◽  
Overlying Strata

Two simple methods of aquifer vulnerability assessment were used in this study: the GOD and AVI methods. The main purpose was to appraise their faithfulness as exploratory techniques, and their applicability to the scale of a small watershed. The study area was the Sordo River Basin (area: 50 km2), located in the Northeast of Portugal. To measure accuracy, model results were compared with vulnerability maps previously obtained for the basin, but using the standard DRASTIC model. Results of the GOD method were a map dominated by class "low vulnerability" where parameter O (overlying strata) imprinted its signature, very similar to the DRASTIC map but with smaller resolution. The method was considered valuable for exploration of primary factors of aquifer vulnerability (e.g. discrimination between water table and confined aquifers) but not for description of secondary factors (e.g. nuances in the degree of confinement). The application of the AVI method was proven inefficient because the resulting map indicated the presence of a single unrealistic class ("extremely high vulnerability"). The reason was that AVI results are evaluated on a logarithmic scale, which is appropriate for studies at regional scales where the settings are very diverse, but inappropriate for studies on the small watershed scale.

scholarly journals Contribution of the Sensitivity Analysis in Groundwater Vulnerability Assessing Using the DRASTIC and Composite DRASTIC Indexes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Malakootian ◽  
Majid Nozari
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Groundwater Vulnerability ◽  
Aquifer Vulnerability ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Vulnerability Maps ◽  
Sensibility Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The present study estimates Kerman–Baghin aquifer vulnerability by applying the DRASTIC and composite DRASTIC (CDRASTIC) indexes. The factors affecting the transfer of contamination, including the water table depth, soil media, aquifer media, the impact of the vadose zone, topography, hydraulic conductivity, and land use, were ranked, weighted, and integrated using a geographical information system (GIS). A sensitivity test has also been performed to specify the sensitivity of the parameters. The study results show that the topographic layer displays a gentle slope in the aquifer. The majority of the aquifer covered irrigated field crops and grassland with a moderate vegetation cover. In addition, the aquifer vulnerability maps indicate very similar results, recognizing the northwest parts of the aquifer as areas with high and very high vulnerability. The map removal sensibility analysis (MRSA) revealed the impact of the vadose zone (in the DRASTIC index) and hydraulic conductivity (in the CDRASTIC index) as the most effective parameters in the vulnerability evaluation. In both indexes, the single-parameter sensibility analysis (SPSA) showed net recharge as the most effective factor in the vulnerability estimation. From this study, it can be concluded that vulnerability maps can be used as a tool to control human activities for the sustained protection of aquifers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document