Utilization of steelmaking slag for carbon capture and storage with flue gas

The implementation of carbon capture and storage process (CCS) has been unsuccessful to date, mainly due to the technical issues and high costs associated with two main stages: (1) CO2 separation from flue gas and (2) CO2 injection in deep geological deposits, more than 300 m, where CO2 is in supercritical conditions. This study proposes, for the first time, an enhanced CCS process (e-CCS), in which the stage of CO2 separation is removed and the flue gas is injected directly in shallow reservoirs located at less than 300 m, where the adsorptive phenomena control CO2 storage. Nitrogen-rich carbon nanospheres were used as modifying agents of the reservoir porous texture to improve both the CO2 adsorption capacity and selectivity. For this purpose, sandstone was impregnated with a nanofluid and CO2 adsorption was evaluated at different pressures (atmospheric pressure and from 3 × 10−3 MPa to 3.0 MPa) and temperatures (0, 25, and 50 °C). As a main result, a mass fraction of only 20% of nanomaterials increased both the surface area and the molecular interactions, so that the increase of adsorption capacity at shallow reservoir conditions (50 °C and 3.0 MPa) was more than 677 times (from 0.00125 to 0.9 mmol g−1).

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The Evaluation and Comparison of Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies Applied to FCC Flue Gas

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1479 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 347-353 ◽

pp. 1479-1482 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pu Peng ◽

Yi Zhuang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Co2 Emission ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽

Carbon Capture And Storage ◽

Commercial Success ◽

Green House ◽

Co2 Capturing ◽

And Storage

The CO2 capturing technologies as applied to FCC flue gas in order to reduce GHG (green house gases) were evaluated and compared in this review. Although the CCS (carbon capture and storage) idea has been proposed for more than 30 years, there has been little commercial success of CCS projects. The largest issue is where to store the massive amount of captured pure CO2 every year. Therefore, the review will focus on the efficient use of power or heat to reduce CO2 emission and how to recycle the use of produced CO2 before it is emitted to the atmosphere rather than being captured and stored. The scenarios with oxyfiring, microalgae-cofiring or biogas burning to treat FCC flue gas are introduced and discussed.

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Oxy-Fuel Combustion Characteristics of Pulverized Coal under O2/Recirculated Flue Gas Atmospheres

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10041362 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 1362

Author(s):

Shuhn-Shyurng Hou ◽

Chiao-Yu Chiang ◽

Ta-Hui Lin

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emissions ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Carbon Capture And Storage ◽

Fuel Combustion ◽

Combustion Characteristics ◽

High Co2 ◽

Australian Coal ◽

And Storage

Oxy-fuel combustion is an effective technology for carbon capture and storage (CCS). Oxy-combustion for coal-fired power stations is a promising technology by which to diminish CO2 emissions. Unfortunately, little attention has been paid to the oxy-combustion characteristics affected by the combustion atmosphere. This paper is aimed at investigating the oxy-fuel combustion characteristics of Australian coal in a 0.3 MWth furnace. In particular, the influences of various oxygen flow rates and recirculated flue gas (RFG) on heating performance and pollutant emissions are examined in O2/RFG environments. The results show that with increases in the secondary RFG flow rate, the temperatures in the radiative and convective sections decrease and increase, respectively. At a lower oxygen flow rate, burning Australian coal emits lower residual oxygen and NO concentrations. In the flue gas, a high CO2 concentration of up to 94.8% can be achieved. Compared to air combustion, NO emissions are dramatically reduced up to 74% for Australian coal under oxy-combustion. Note that the high CO2 concentrations in the flue gas under oxy-coal combustions suggest great potential for reducing CO2 emissions through carbon capture and storage.

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Diffusion of flue gas desulfurization reveals barriers and opportunities for carbon capture and storage

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-020-18107-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Stijn van Ewijk ◽

Will McDowall

Keyword(s):

Flue Gas ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Carbon Capture And Storage ◽

Flue Gas Desulfurization ◽

Barriers And Opportunities ◽

And Storage

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Retrofitting CO2 capture ready fossil plants with post-combustion capture. Part 2: Requirements for natural gas combined cycle plants using solvent-based flue gas scrubbing

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power and Energy ◽

10.1243/09576509jpe629 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 223 (3) ◽

pp. 227-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M Lucquiaud ◽

P Patel ◽

H Chalmers ◽

J Gibbins

Keyword(s):

Natural Gas ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Carbon Capture And Storage ◽

Combined Cycle ◽

Fossil Plants ◽

Power Stations ◽

Natural Gas Combined Cycle ◽

The Uk ◽

And Storage

A number of natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) power stations recently permitted in the UK have been required to be CO2 capture ready so that carbon capture and storage can be retrofitted once it is commercially viable (or legally required). Several options for future CO2 capture from NGCC units can be envisaged including post-combustion capture technology using flue gas scrubbing with aqueous solvents. When an NGCC plant is designed to be ready for a retrofit with post-combustion capture, one of the most important technical considerations is the steam extraction pressure and flow to provide the energy necessary for solvent regeneration. This is determined by the choice of solvent used, but new solvents are being developed and the exact future requirements, in perhaps 10–20 years time, cannot be predicted. Ways in which designs for the steam cycle of NGCC plants can cope with this challenge are presented. Several alternatives to mitigate the loss of power output of NGCC plants retrofitted with post-combustion capture and to achieve improved plant flexibility are also assessed and compared.

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Retrofitting CO2 capture ready fossil plants with post-combustion capture. Part 1: Requirements for supercritical pulverized coal plants using solvent-based flue gas scrubbing

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part A Journal of Power and Energy ◽

10.1243/09576509jpe661 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 223 (3) ◽

pp. 213-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

M Lucquiaud ◽

J Gibbins

Keyword(s):

Steam Turbine ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Carbon Capture ◽

Carbon Capture And Storage ◽

Steam Turbines ◽

Fossil Plants ◽

Original Design ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Design Case ◽

And Storage

Rapid global deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) requires a two-track approach. CCS needs to be deployed at scale as quickly as possible and other plants, if built without CCS, need to be built CO2 capture ready (CCR) before they are retrofitted. In particular, coal plants are likely to continue to be built in large numbers in developing countries. CCS is not an immediate option for all or most of these plants, but it would be feasible to make large numbers of them CCR for subsequent retrofit of flue gas scrubbing systems for post-combustion capture. This article will examine options for CCR steam turbines for such plants, showing that effective thermodynamic integration with the capture equipment can be achieved for minimal additional cost. The performance will be compared with the retrofit of non-CCR steam turbine configurations. Finally, the uncertainty of CCS development will be discussed and the performance of the CCR steam turbine options proposed will be assessed for a range of future possible CO2 scrubbing solvents that are less energy intensive than the original design case using current solvents.

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