Effects of cytokinin on photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and antioxidative system in seedlings of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) under salinity stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2105-2114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuexia Wu ◽  
Zongwen Zhu ◽  
Xian Li ◽  
Dingshi Zha
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Antioxidative System ◽  
Photosynthetic Gas Exchange ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters

scholarly journals Copper Stress on Photosynthesis of Black Mangle (Avicennia germinans)

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL GONZALEZ-MENDOZA ◽  
FRANCISCO ESPADAS y GIL ◽  
FERNANDO ESCOBOZA-GARCIA ◽  
JORGE M. SANTAMARIA ◽  
OMAR ZAPATA-PEREZ
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Avicennia Germinans ◽  
Copper Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Gas Exchange ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Photosynthetic Activities

The effects of copper toxicity on the photosynthetic activities of Avicennia germinans was investigated using two CuSO4 concentrations (0.062 and 0.33 M) added in Hoagland's solution in an aerated hydroponic system. Photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured after 30 h of copper stress. Results obtained in this study show that increasing levels of Cu+2 of 0.062 and 0.33 M Cu+2 resulted in a general reduction of the stomatal conductance (28 and 18%, respectively) and 100% of inhibition of net photosynthesis. Additionally, at these concentrations of Cu+2, reductions of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were also observed. These changes suggested that the photosynthetic apparatus of Avicennia germinans was the primary target of the Cu+2 action. It is concluded that Cu+2 ions causes a drastic decline in photosynthetic gas exchange and Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in A. germinans leaves.

scholarly journals Waterlogging tolerance evaluation of fifteen poplar clones cultivated in the Jianghan Plain of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 12421
Author(s):  
Ruonan GENG ◽  
Xinye ZHANG ◽  
Xiaoping FAN ◽  
Qian HU ◽  
Tianhong NI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Jianghan Plain ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters

To provide references for poplar cultivation in waterlogged prone area of Jianghan Plain of China, the waterlogging tolerance of 15 poplar clones widely cultivated in these areas were evaluated based on their responses to 45-day waterlogging stress followed by 15-day drainage recovery in morphology, growth, biomass accumulation, leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. The results showed that the normal watered seedlings (CK) of the 15 clones grew vigorously during the experiment, and no defoliation and death occurred. For the seedlings under waterlogging treatment (water 10 cm above the soil surface), its morphology changed markedly, including slowing growth, chlorosis and abscission of leaves, development of hypertrophied lenticels and adventitious roots etc. Waterlogging stress significantly inhibited the seedling growth of height and ground diameter, biomass accumulation, as well as leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the 15 clones with varying degrees. The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), intercellular CO2 concentration/ environmental CO2 concentration (Ci/Ca), variable fluorescence (Fv), variable fluorescence/ initial fluorescence (Fv/Fo) and PS Ⅱ primary light energy conversion efficiency (Fv/Fm) decreased gradually with the prolonged waterlogging, and reached their bottom on day 45. During the terminal recovery stage, the leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the most clones increased, but their recovery abilities were significantly different. At the end of the experiment, the highest survival rates (100%) were observed in DHY, HS-1, HS-2, I-72, I-69, I-63 and NL-895, and the lowest (zero) occurred in XYY. Survival rates of the other clones ranged from 33.33% to 83.33%. Both results of cluster analysis and membership function analysis showed that HS-1, I-69, DHY, NL-895 and HS-2 had the strongest waterlogging tolerance, XYY and HBY were the worst, and the other clones were moderate. These results would provide guidance not only for the selection of cultivated varieties in Jianghan Plain, but also for the selection of hybrid parents for waterlogging resistance breeding.

scholarly journals Effects of Nitrogen Application on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Leaf Gas Exchange in Naked Oat

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2164-2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye-chun LIN ◽  
Yue-gao HU ◽  
Chang-zhong REN ◽  
Lai-chun GUO ◽  
Chun-long WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Naked Oat ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters

scholarly journals Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis in diverse rice varieties reveals the positive correlation between the seedlings salt tolerance and photosynthetic efficiency

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Chang Tsai ◽  
Kuan-Chuan Chen ◽  
Tung-Shan Cheng ◽  
Chuan Lee ◽  
Shih-Hung Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters

Abstract Background Photosynthetic efficiency might be a key factor determining plant resistance to abiotic stresses. Plants can sense when growing conditions are not favorable and trigger an internal response at an early stage before showing external symptoms. When a high amount of salt enters the plant cell, the membrane system and function of thylakoids in chloroplasts could be destroyed and affect photosynthetic performance if the salt concentration is not regulated to optimal values. Oryza species have salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive genotypes; however, very few studies have investigated the genetic architecture responsible for photosynthetic efficiency under salinity stress in cultivated rice. Results We used an imaging-based chlorophyll fluorometer to monitor eight rice varieties that showed different salt tolerance levels for four consecutive days under control and salt conditions. An analysis of the changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters clearly showed the maximum quantum efficiency of PSII in sensitive varieties was significantly reduced after NaCl treatment when compared to tolerant varieties. A panel of 232 diverse rice accessions was then analyzed for chlorophyll fluorescence under salt conditions, the results showed that chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as F0 and NPQ were higher in Japonica subspecies, ΦPSII of Indica varieties was higher than that in other subgroups, which suggested that the variation in photosynthetic efficiency was extensively regulated under salt treatment in diverse cultivated rice. Two significant regions on chromosome 5 were identified to associate with the fraction of open PSII centers (qL) and the minimum chlorophyll fluorescence (F0). These regions harbored genes related to senescence, chloroplast biogenesis and response to salt stress are of interest for future functional characterization to determine their roles in regulating photosynthesis. Conclusions Rice plant is very sensitive to salinity stress, especially at young seedling stage. Our work identified the distribution pattern of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in seedlings leaf and their correlations with salt tolerance level in a diverse gene pool. We also revealed the complexity of the genetic architecture regulating rice seedling photosynthetic performance under salinity stress, the germplasm analyzed in this study and the associated genetic information could be utilized in rice breeding program.

scholarly journals Effects of NtSPS1 Overexpression on Solanesol Content, Plant Growth, Photosynthesis, and Metabolome of Nicotiana tabacum

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Ning Yan ◽  
Xiaolei Gai ◽  
Lin Xue ◽  
Yongmei Du ◽  
John Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Pathway Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Photosynthetic Gas Exchange ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters

Nicotiana tabacum solanesyl diphosphate synthase 1 (NtSPS1) is the key enzyme in solanesol biosynthesis. However, changes in the solanesol content, plant growth, photosynthesis, and metabolome of tobacco plants after NtSPS1 overexpression (OE) have not been previously reported. In the present study, these parameters, as well as photosynthetic gas exchange, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, were compared between NtSPS1 OE and wild type (WT) lines of tobacco. As expected, NtSPS1 OE significantly increased solanesol content in tobacco leaves. Although NtSPS1 OE significantly increased leaf growth, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll content, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in the leaves of the NtSPS1 OE lines were only slightly higher than those in the WT leaves. Furthermore, NtSPS1 OE resulted in 64 differential metabolites, including 30 up-regulated and 34 down-regulated metabolites, between the OE and WT leaves. Pathway enrichment analysis of these differential metabolites identified differentially enriched pathways between the OE and WT leaves, e.g., carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. The maximum carboxylation rate of RuBisCO and the maximum rate of RuBP regeneration were also elevated in the NtSPS1 OE line. To our knowledge, this is the first study to confirm the role of NtSPS1 in solanesol biosynthesis and its possible functional mechanisms in tobacco.

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