In situ alkaline transesterification: An effective method for the production of fatty acid esters from vegetable oils

2004 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Haas ◽  
Karen M. Scott ◽  
William N. Marmer ◽  
Thomas A. Foglia
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Acid Esters

scholarly journals Direct Determination of MCPD Fatty Acid Esters and Glycidyl Fatty Acid Esters in Vegetable Oils by LC–TOFMS

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy D. Haines ◽  
Kevin J. Adlaf ◽  
Robert M. Pierceall ◽  
Inmok Lee ◽  
Padmesh Venkitasubramanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Glycidyl Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Acid Esters

scholarly journals FRACTIONATION OF FATTY ACID ESTERS AND ACYLGLYCERIDES WITH PRESSURIZED CO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Natalia Cotabarren ◽  
Pablo Hegel ◽  
Selva Pereda
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Emulsifying Properties ◽  
Relative Volatility ◽  
Fractionation Process ◽  
Synthesis Routes ◽  
Acid Esters

Fatty mono- and di-glycerides are products highly used in the food, cleaning and cosmetic industries because of their emulsifying properties. These products can be obtained through different synthesis routes, namely, glycerolysis of vegetable oils, direct esterification of fatty acids with glycerol or partial transesterification of vegetable oils with alcohols. The last two chemical pathways produce fatty acid esters besides mono/diglycerides, which are difficult to split and purify at industrial scale because of its low vapor pressure, low relative volatility, and high viscosity. In this work, we evaluate the fractionation of fatty acid esters and acylglycerides by supercritical CO2 technology. High pressure experimental extractions were carried out at different operating conditions to validate the technology and a rigorous thermodynamic model was used to evaluate the fractionation process.

scholarly journals Formation of acylglycerol chloro derivatives in vegetable oils and mitigation strategy

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 448-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Šmidrkal ◽  
V. Ilko ◽  
V. Filip ◽  
M. Doležal ◽  
Z. Zelinková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Mitigation Strategy ◽  
Refining Process ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
Acid Esters

The most important acylglycerol chloroderivatives identified in foods are 3-chlorpropane-1,2-diol fatty acid esters (3-CPD esters) that are accompanied by epoxypropanol fatty acid esters formed in processed foods and, particularly, during the deodorisation of vegetable oils. Their content in refined vegetable oils is influenced by the oil composition, refining process conditions and process conditions of hydrogenation. Described and discussed here are the main pathways that lead to the formation of acylglycerols chloroderivatives and epoxypropanol fatty acid esters. The article offers detailed explanation of the reaction mechanisms using the well-known chemical principals based on experimental data. The conditions suitable for removing the unwanted products from the refined vegetable oils were studied in models containing variable proportions of agents (bicarbonates or carbonates) causing the decomposition of 3-CPD fatty acid esters.

scholarly journals Technological Aspects of Chemoenzymatic Epoxidation of Fatty Acids, Fatty Acid Esters and Vegetable Oils: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 21481-21493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugeniusz Milchert ◽  
Kornelia Malarczyk ◽  
Marlena Kłos
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Acid Esters

Stability of biodiesel, its improvement and the effect of antioxidant treated blends on engine performance and emission

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (46) ◽  
pp. 36240-36261 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Rashed ◽  
M. A. Kalam ◽  
H. H. Masjuki ◽  
H. K. Rashedul ◽  
A. M. Ashraful ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Long Chain

Biodiesel consists of long chain fatty acid esters derived from vegetable oils, animal fats, and used oils.

Epoxidation of Vegetable Oils, Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Fatty Acid Esters: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-422
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Lewandowski ◽  
Marlena Musik ◽  
Kornelia Malarczyk-Matusiak ◽  
Łukasz Sałaciński ◽  
Eugeniusz Milchert
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Performic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Acidic Catalysts ◽  
Acid Esters

A comprehensive review of recent existing methods of epoxidation of vegetable oils, unsaturated fatty acids and alkyl esters of unsaturated fatty acids has been presented. The importance of epoxidized vegetable oils and their applications in the production of polyols and polyurethanes was discussed. Interests of researchers have been mainly focused on the development of advantageous technological parameters of vegetable oils epoxidation. The epoxidations with peracetic acid or performic acid generated in situ were mainly performed in the presence of strongly acidic catalysts. The influence of process variables such as temperature, stirring speed, the molar ratio of carboxylic acid and hydrogen peroxide to the amount of ethylenic unsaturation, amount of catalyst and reaction time on the course of epoxidation has been investigated.

scholarly journals Kinetic models of reaction systems for the in situ epoxidation of unsaturated fatty acid esters and triglycerides

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 569-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milovan Jankovic ◽  
Snezana Sinadinovic-Fiser
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Reaction Systems ◽  
In Situ Epoxidation ◽  
Acid Esters

Mathematical models that describe the kinetics of reaction systems for the in situ epoxidation of unsaturated fatty acid esters or triglyc?rides with organic peracids are reviewed in this paper. The advantages and inadequacies of each model are discussed. A mono-phase pseudo-first order kinetic model was compared with a two phase model based on the Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson (LHHW) postulates proposed by the authors of this paper. The comparison was performed on the experimentally determined values for the in situ epoxidation of soybean oil by peracetic acid in the presence of different quantities of ion exchange resin used as the catalyst. It was concluded that a complete model for in situ epoxidation in the presence of ion exchange resin as the catalyst was still not given for perorganic acid formation. In particular, we report here the possibilities of the creation of an "ideal" model for in situ epoxidation.

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