Comparative assessment of the relationship of satellite data with the above ground biomass of Sal trees (Shorea robusta) determined from phenologically different time periods

Arsenic (As) contamination is widespread in Bangladesh. It can cause health hazards depending on consumption of foods grown on As contaminated soil. Two pot experiments were conducted at net house, Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur to study the effect of As on above ground biomass of different rice genotypes and to determine the relationship of As concentration between rice grains and straw. Sixteen rice genotypes were grown in pots soils having 0, 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg As both in winter and wet seasons. Soil As levels reduced above ground biomass of rice by 8-65%. Above ground biomass reduction was the least in BRRI dhan47 with variable soil As levels. Total As concentrations in straw and grains increased with increasing soil As levels. Moreover, the concentration of As in rice grain was also increased with greater As concentration in straw. Grain to straw ratio of As concentration was lower at higher As concentration in straw. It is indicated that reduced movement of As from rice straw to grain take place when straw As concentration was high.

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Forest Structure, Composition and Above Ground Biomass of Tree Community in Tropical Dry Forests of Eastern Ghats, India

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb819746 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 125-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sudam Charan SAHU ◽

H.S. SURESH ◽

N.H. RAVINDRANATH

Keyword(s):

Forest Structure ◽

Tree Species ◽

Basal Area ◽

Eastern Ghats ◽

Tropical Dry Forests ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Importance Value ◽

Shorea Robusta ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

C Stocks

The study of biomass, structure and composition of tropical forests implies also the investigation of forest productivity, protection of biodiversity and removal of CO2 from the atmosphere via C-stocks. The hereby study aimed at understanding the forest structure, composition and above ground biomass (AGB) of tropical dry deciduous forests of Eastern Ghats, India, where as a total of 128 sample plots (20 x 20 meters) were laid. The study showed the presence of 71 tree species belonging to 57 genera and 30 families. Dominant tree species was Shorea robusta with an importance value index (IVI) of 40.72, while Combretaceae had the highest family importance value (FIV) of 39.01. Mean stand density was 479 trees ha-1 and a basal area of 15.20 m2 ha-1. Shannon’s diversity index was 2.01 ± 0.22 and Simpson’s index was 0.85 ± 0.03. About 54% individuals were in the size between 10 and 20 cm DBH, indicating growing forests. Mean above ground biomass value was 98.87 ± 68.8 Mg ha-1. Some of the dominant species that contributed to above ground biomass were Shorea robusta (17.2%), Madhuca indica (7.9%), Mangifera indica (6.9%), Terminalia alata (6.9%) and Diospyros melanoxylon (4.4%), warranting extra efforts for their conservation. The results suggested that C-stocks of tropical dry forests can be enhanced by in-situ conserving the high C-density species and also by selecting these species for afforestation and stand improvement programs. Correlations were computed to understand the relationship between above ground biomass, diversity indices, density and basal area, which may be helpful for implementation of REDD+ (reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, and foster conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks) scheme.

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Improvement in Estimation of Aboveground Biomass of Albizia lebbeck using Fraction Reflectance of Landsat TM Data

International Journal of Plant and Environment ◽

10.18811/ijpen.v1i1.7118 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (01) ◽

pp. 99-105

Author(s):

O. P. Tripathi ◽

J. Deka ◽

J. Y. Yumnam ◽

P. Mahanta

Keyword(s):

Satellite Data ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Landsat Tm ◽

Surface Reflectance ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Mixed Pixel ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Medium Resolution ◽

Reflectance Data

The study emphasizes on the ability of spectral mixture analysis (SMA) to improve the estimate of above ground biomass from spectral reflectance of satellite data. Digital number (DN) values of satellite data were converted to surface reflectance and fraction reflectance data. Linear regression analysis was performed between above ground biomass data with both total surface reflectance and SMA produced fraction reflectance values separately. The analysis revealed that the best positive correlation was observed between AGB and the fraction reflectance values of FR_TM 5/3 with R2 = 0.865 whereas with the total reflectance data, atmospherically resistant vegetation index (ARVI) and TM5/3 resulted moderate correlation R2= 0.452 and - 0.248, respectively. Pixel level AGB ranges between 0.001t to 13.53t. The total AGB of the study area (275.85 ha) was estimated to be 14249t. Thus separation of endmembers from the mixed pixel from a course to medium resolution satellite data can play an important role in improving AGB estimation performance, especially for those sites with multiple cover features. The study demonstrates the potentiality of Landsat TM data in concatenate with SMA in improving the estimation of AGB which can be further improved by identifying all possible endmembers and highly configured methodology.

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Estimation of Above Ground Biomass and carbon stocks of Tectona grandis and Gmelina arborea stands in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d220354 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

Author(s):

YOSEP RUSLIM ◽

Daud Sandalayuk ◽

Rochadi Kristiningrum ◽

Andi Sahri Alam

Keyword(s):

Tectona Grandis ◽

Maximum Growth ◽

Carbon Stocks ◽

Maximum Point ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Gmelina Arborea ◽

Plantation Forest ◽

Annual Increment ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. Ruslim Y, Sandalayuk D, Kristiningrum R, Alam AS. 2021. Estimation of Above Ground Biomass and carbon stocks of Tectona grandis and Gmelina arborea stand in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 1497-1508. Plantation forest plays an important role to fulfill timber needs, while more recently plantation forest is increasingly acknowledged to sequester and store carbon which can mitigate climate change and also as carbon sequestration for the environment. This study aimed to calculate the stand potential, stand biomass and carbon stocks of teak (Tectona grandis) and gmelina (Gmelina arborea) stands in the context of land after being abandoned in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. Four plots with size of one hectare each were sampled in which each species (i.e. teak and gmelina) consisted of two plots. In each plot, the diameter at the breast-high (1.3 m) and the height of each individual were recorded. Data analysis included growth parameters of the stands (i.e., Mean Annual Increment/MAI and Current Annual Increment/CAI) and above-ground biomass and carbon sequestered by the stands. Simple linear regression using polynomial trendline was used to determine the relationship between variables and the degree of the relationship. The results showed that the maximum growth of teak stands at Plots I and II reached a maximum point at the age of 32 and 25 years with the total volume of 307.50 and 254.81 m3ha-1, respectively. While the maximum growth of gmelina stands at Plots I and II reached a maximum point at the age of 15 years with the total volume of 190.54 and 251.80 m3ha-1, respectively. The biomass content in teak stands at Plots I and II and gmelina stands at Plots I and II were respectively 267.83; 221.94; 104.03 and 137.48 tons ha-1. Meanwhile, the carbon content in teak stands at Plots I and II and gmelina stands at Plots I and II were respectively 125.88; 104.31; 48.90; and 64.62 tons ha-1. The results of the regression analysis suggest that there was strong relationship between carbon sequestered and the age of the stands as well as total basal area. The results of this study suggest that Tectona grandis is more potential to be developed as plantation forest than Gmelina arborea when aiming at carbon sequestration and biomass production.

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Assessing above-ground biomass-functional diversity relationships in temperate forests in northern Mexico

10.21203/rs.3.rs-42734/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Benedicto Vargas-Larreta ◽

Jorge Omar Lopez Martinez ◽

Edgar J. González ◽

Jose Javier Corral-Rivas ◽

Francisco Javier Hernández

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Functional Diversity ◽

Taxonomic Diversity ◽

Maximum Height ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Northern Mexico ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Sierra Madre ◽

Community Weighted Mean ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background: Studies on the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem productivity have suggested that species richness and functional diversity are the main drivers of ecosystem processes. Several patterns on this relationship have been found, including positive, unimodal, negative, and neutral trends, keeping the issue controversial. In this study, taxonomic diversity and functional diversity as drivers of above-ground biomass (AGB) were comparated, and the mechanisms that influence biomass production were investigated by testing the complementarity and the mass-ratio hypotheses.Methods: Using data from 414 permanent sample plots, covering 23% of temperate forest in the Sierra Madre Oriental (México). We estimated the above-gound biomass (AGB), taxonomic and functional diversity indices, as well as community weighted mean values (CWM) for three functional trais (maximum height, leaf size and wood density) for trees ≥7.5 cm d.b.h., in managed and unmanaged stands. To compare taxonomic diversity differences between managed and unmanaged stands we carried out a rarefaction analysis. Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship between AGB and taxonomic and functional diversity metrics, as well as CWM traits throught spatial autoregressive models.Results: We found a hump-shaped relationship between AGB and species richness in managed and unmanaged forests. CMW of maximum height was the most important predictor of AGB in both stands, which suggested that the mechanism underlaying the AGB-diversity relationship is the dominance of some highly productive species, supporting the mass-ratio hypothesis. Above-ground biomass was significantly correlated with three of the five functional diversity metrics, CWM maximum height and species richness. Our results show the importance of take into account spatial autocorrelation in the construction of predictive models to avoid spurious patterns in the AGB-diversity relationship.Conclusion: Species richness, maximum height, functional richness, functional dispersion and RaoQ indices relate with above-ground biomass production in temperate mixed-species and uneven-aged forests of northern Mexico. These forests show a hump-shaped AGB-species richness relationship. Functional diversity explains better AGB production than classical taxonomic diversity. Community weighted mean traits provide key information to explain stand biomass in these forests, where maximum tree height seems to be a more suitable trait for understanding the biomass accumulation process in these ecosystems. Although the impact of forest management on biodiversity is still debated, it has not changed the AGB-diversity relationships in the forests of the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico.

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Analyzing the Relationship, Distribution of Tree Species Diversity, and Above-Ground Biomass on the Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape in Nepal

International Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1155/2020/2789753 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Shiva Pokhrel ◽

Chungla Sherpa

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Sea Level ◽

Tree Species ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Tree Species Diversity ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Breast Height ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

The Relationship ◽

Landscape Level

Forests provide numerous ecosystem goods and services. Their roles are considered as important for both climate mitigation and adaptation program. In Nepal, there are significant forest resources which are distributed in different regions; however, the studies on the spatial tree species distribution and the above-ground biomass and their relationship at the landscape level have not been well studied. This study aims to analyze the relationship, distribution of tree species diversity, and above-ground biomass at a landscape level. The data used for this study were obtained from the Forest Research and Training Center of Nepal, International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), and Worldwide Wildlife Fund (WWF-Nepal). The landscape has a mean of 191.89 tons ha−1 of the above-ground biomass. The highest amount of the above-ground biomass measured was 650 tons ha−1 with 96 individual trees, and the least was 3.428 tons ha−1. The measured mean height of the tree was 11.77 m, and diameter at breast height (DBH) was 18.59 cm. In the case of the spatial distribution of the above-ground biomass, plots distributed at the middle altitude range greater than 900 meters above sea level (m. a. s. l) to 3000 meters above sea level taking more amount of the above-ground biomass (AGB). Similarly, the highest plot-level Shannon diversity index (H’) was 2.75 with an average of 0.96 at the middle altitude region followed by the lower region with an average of 0.89 and least 0.87 at a higher elevation. Above-ground biomass (R2 = 0.48) and tree height (R2 = 0.506) significantly increased with increasing elevation up to a certain level increased of elevation. Diameter at breast height (DBH) showed significance (R2 = 0.364) but small increase with increasing elevation, while the relationship among tree species diversity index, above-ground biomass, and elevation showed a weak and very weak positive relationship with R2 = 0.018 and R2 = 0.002, respectively. Based on the overall results, it is concluded that elevation has some level of influence on the forest tree diversity and above-ground biomass. The finding of this study could be useful for landscape-level resource management and planning under various changes.

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Controls of plant diversity attributes over above ground biomass in Sal forests of Eastern India

10.21203/rs.3.rs-33057/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rahul Kumar ◽

Amit Kumar ◽

Purabi Saikia

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Plant Diversity ◽

Global Climate ◽

Basal Area ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Eastern India ◽

Shorea Robusta ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Indian Forests

Abstract Background Above ground biomass (AGB) is a useful measure for assessing changes in forest structure and functional, and play a significant role in studying carbon stocks, the effect of deforestation and carbon sequestration on the global carbon balance. The present study aimed to study the relationship between AGB and community parameters in Sal forests of Eastern India through stratified random sampling by lying 92 belt transects each of 0.5 ha size. Results It recorded a high AGB (410.70 Mg ha-1), and carbon stock (Cp) (193.06 Mg C ha-1), and forest wise AGB ranged from 0.19 to 24.75 Mg ha-1 (mean 4.45 ± 0.45 SE). The spatial pattern of AGB showed that maximum studied forests (65%) had very low AGB (<5.00 Mg ha-1), and only one forests (1%) located in the northwest corner of Ranchi had very high AGB (>20 Mg ha-1). Species wise AGB ranged from 0.001 to 7074.94 Mg ha-1 (mean 106 ± 71 SE) and Shorea robusta with maximum basal area (120.81 m2 ha−1) contributed maximum AGB (64.87% of the total AGB), however, no similar trends have been observed in any other tree species. A significant positive correlation was observed between AGB and Cp (r=1.00, p<0.01), H’ (r= .58, p<0.01), Dmg (r= .31, p<0.01), Dmn (r= .49, p<0.01), ENS (r= .57, p<0.01), E (r= .26, p<0.05), and basal area (r= 0.71, p<0.05). However, a negative correlation of AGB was evident with CD (r= -.57, p<0.01), and density (r= - 0.17). Conclusions The relationships differed greatly among plant diversity attributes, basal area, density, AGB, and Cp within and among various forests and the strongest relationships within each forests were always those having greater richness (Dmg, Dmn), diversity (H, ENS), basal area or evenness (E). Estimation of forest Cp enables us to assess the amount of carbon loss during deforestation or the amount of carbon stored during forest regeneration. The present study will directly help in studying the response of climate change on ecosystem productivity, energy and nutrient flow, and for assessing the patterns of carbon sequestration in Indian forests under global climate change.

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Species Richness and Biomass Relationship in Burned Sites of Imperata-Saccharum Grassland in Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve, Nepal

Ecoprint An International Journal of Ecology ◽

10.3126/eco.v15i0.1938 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 23-27

Author(s):

Pitamber Pant ◽

Hari Datt Lekhak

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Generalized Linear Model ◽

Plant Community Composition ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Burned Site ◽

June July ◽

Wildlife Reserve ◽

The Relationship ◽

Shaped Pattern

Present study was conducted in the Suklaphanta Wildlife Reserve, Kanchanpur district, far western Nepal during June-July, 2005. A total of 150 quadrats (1m x 1m) were sampled in three differentially treated sites (unburned, early burned and late burned). Plant community composition and above ground biomass at different sites were quantified. The relationship between species richness and biomass was detected in the Imperata-Saccharum grassland. Altogether 100 plant species were recorded in the grassland. The highest number of species (62) was recorded in early burned site, whereas lowest (54) species were recorded from unburned site. Among all species recorded, 23 were common to all sites. The highest species richness (13 species/m²) was recorded in the early burned plot. The above ground biomass was highest (583.93 g/m²) in unburned plot. Mean above ground biomass of all the three sites of the grassland was 249.72 g/m². These results indicate that the burning has significant impact on both species richness and biomass. Maximum species richness was found in the biomass interval between ca. 100-300 g/m² when all the sites were combined. A hump shaped pattern was observed in the grassland when all the data were combined. Key words: Species richness, biomass, generalized linear model, fire. doi: 10.3126/eco.v15i0.1938 ECOPRINT 15: 23-27, 2008

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Grain size affects the relationship between species richness and above-ground biomass in semi-arid rangelands

Plant Ecology & Diversity ◽

10.1080/17550874.2018.1534144 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 489-499 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anvar Sanaei ◽

Íñigo Granzow-de la Cerda ◽

Luis Cayuela

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Species Richness ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Arid Rangelands ◽

The Relationship ◽

Semi Arid

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Assessing above-ground biomass-functional diversity relationships in temperate forests in northern Mexico

Forest Ecosystems ◽

10.1186/s40663-021-00282-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Benedicto Vargas-Larreta ◽

Jorge Omar López-Martínez ◽

Edgar J. González ◽

José Javier Corral-Rivas ◽

Francisco Javier Hernández

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Functional Diversity ◽

Taxonomic Diversity ◽

Maximum Height ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Northern Mexico ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Sierra Madre ◽

Community Weighted Mean ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background Studies on the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem productivity have suggested that species richness and functional diversity are the main drivers of ecosystem processes. Several patterns on this relationship have been found, including positive, unimodal, negative, and neutral trends, keeping the issue controversial. In this study, taxonomic diversity and functional diversity as drivers of above-ground biomass (AGB) were compared, and the mechanisms that influence biomass production were investigated by testing the complementarity and the mass-ratio hypotheses. Methods Using data from 414 permanent sample plots, covering 23% of temperate forest in the Sierra Madre Oriental (México), we estimated the above-gound biomass (AGB), taxonomic and functional diversity indices, as well as community weighted mean values (CWM) for three functional traits (maximum height, leaf size and wood density) for trees ≥7.5 cm DBH, in managed and unmanaged stands. To compare taxonomic diversity differences between managed and unmanaged stands we carried out a rarefaction analysis. Furthermore, we evaluated the relationship between AGB and taxonomic and functional diversity metrics, as well as CWM traits throught spatial autoregressive models. Results We found a hump-shaped relationship between AGB and species richness in managed and unmanaged forests. CMW of maximum height was the most important predictor of AGB in both stands, which suggested that the mechanism underlaying the AGB-diversity relationship is the dominance of some highly productive species, supporting the mass-ratio hypothesis. Above-ground biomass was significantly correlated with three of the five functional diversity metrics, CWM maximum height and species richness. Our results show the importance of taking into account spatial autocorrelation in the construction of predictive models to avoid spurious patterns in the AGB-diversity relationship. Conclusion Species richness, maximum height, functional richness, functional dispersion and RaoQ indices relate with above-ground biomass production in temperate mixed-species and uneven-aged forests of northern Mexico. These forests show a hump-shaped AGB-species richness relationship. Functional diversity explains better AGB production than classical taxonomic diversity. Community weighted mean traits provide key information to explain stand biomass in these forests, where maximum tree height seems to be a more suitable trait for understanding the biomass accumulation process in these ecosystems. Although the impact of forest management on biodiversity is still debated, it has not changed the AGB-diversity relationships in the forests of the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico.

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