Cr(VI) Induces Lipid Peroxidation, Protein Oxidation and Alters the Activities of Antioxidant Enzymes in Human Erythrocytes

Abstract Background Redox imbalance is involved in several aspects of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The OxIBDiet (NCT04513015) is a multicentre, 2-phases project involving IBD children and adults with the following aims: 1. To evaluate oxidative status of IBD subjects. 2. To estimate the effects of an antioxidant diet in IBD patients. Preliminary results are shown in this abstract. Methods The total antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation and the degree of protein oxidation were measured respectively through the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP, µmol/equivalent FeSO4), serum levels of the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs, µmol MDA) and advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP, µmol/g protein). Reactive oxygen species (ROS, Arbitrary Units) and activities (nmol/min/mg of protein) of the main antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-Transferase (GST) and catalases (CAT) were evaluated in PMNs cells. Oxidative stress markers were correlated with demographic variables and clinical parameters. Results Fifteen adults (mean age: 36.2 ±11.4 years, 47% female, 67% in remission) and thirty five children (mean age: 14.13 ±2.2 years, 60% female, 65% in remission) with IBD have been enrolled so far. FRAP was significantly reduced in IBD children compared to healthy controls (median values: 212.1 vs. 248.3, p=0.0001) and to IBD adults (median value: 281, p<0.001), while no difference was observed between adults with IBD and the control group (p= 0.1). ROS levels did not differ in IBD children compared to adults and controls. The activity of GPX and CAT enzymes was increased in children with IBD in comparison to controls (p:0.02 and 0.001, respectively) while the activity of the other enzymes (GST, GR and SOD) and levels of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation was not different between the 2 groups. Overall in the IBD group (children plus adults) FRAP was positively correlated with age (r=0.40, p=0.006), male gender (r=0.33, p=0.03) and use of biologics (r=0.47, p=0.001) and inversely correlated to disease activity based on clinical scores (r= -0.38, p=0.009). No correlation was found between FRAP and serum C-reactive protein or calprotectin levels. Conclusion The total antioxidant capacity (FRAP) is significantly impaired in IBD children respect to IBD adults and to healthy controls, thus suggesting an early involvement of oxidative stress in IBD pathogenesis. Moreover, the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes (GPx and CAT) in IBD children is increased, as a possible compensation for redox imbalance. Final results will clarify the involvement of antioxidant cascade in IBD pathogenesis and in therapeutic approach.

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The effect of bisphenol AF on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activity in human erythrocytes

Toxicology Letters ◽

10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1886 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 258 ◽

pp. S250

Author(s):

A. Maćczak ◽

B. Bukowska ◽

J. Michałowicz

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Human Erythrocytes ◽

Enzymes Activity ◽

Bisphenol Af

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EFFECTS OF NICKEL CHLORIDE ON INDICES OF HEMOCOAGULATION AND LIPID PEROXIDATION IN RATS

ZHurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia» ◽

10.25557/0031-2991.2019.01.83-90 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 83-90

Author(s):

Э.М. Гаглоева ◽

В.Б. Брин ◽

С.В. Скупневский ◽

Н.В. Боциева ◽

Т.В. Молдован

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Prothrombin Time ◽

Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Nickel Chloride ◽

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Fibrinogen Concentration ◽

Thrombin Time ◽

Hemostasis System

Цель исследования - изучить состояние системы гемостаза при хронической интоксикации хлоридом никеля, исследовать взаимосвязь показателей гемокоагуляции с процессами липопероксидации у крыс в эксперименте. Методика. Опыты проводили на крысах-самцах Вистар (n=50, 230-250 г). Раствор NiCl2 (5 мг/кг) вводили внутрижелудочно ежедневно в течение 2 нед, 1 и 2 мес. По завершении эксперимента исследовали состояние тромбоцитарного и коагуляционного звеньев гемостаза, антикоагулянтную и фибринолитическую активность крови, а также определяли активность процессов перекисного окисления липидов и антиоксидантных ферментов. Результаты. Установлено, что через 2 нед и 1 мес интоксикации у крыс отмечались гиперкоагуляционные изменения показателей свертывающей системы крови: повышение агрегационной активности тромбоцитов, увеличение концентрации фибриногена, снижение активированного частичного тромбопластинового времени (АЧТВ) и протромбинового времени. В этот период регистрировалось увеличение антитромбиновой и фибринолитической активности крови. Через 2 мес наблюдалось подавление активности клеточного звена гемостаза - тромбоцитопения, ослабление степени АДФ-индуцируемой агрегации тромбоцитов. Выявлялась тенденция к уменьшению концентрации фибриногена. На фоне снижения АЧТВ и тромбинового времени отмечалось увеличение протромбинового времени. В то же время регистрировалось угнетение противосвертывающего звена системы гемостаза (снижалась активность антитромбина III), наблюдалось истощение резервных возможностей фибринолитического звена (замедление фXIIа-зависимого эуглобулинового лизиса) и увеличение содержания растворимых фибрин мономерных комплексов, что свидетельствует о наличии тромбинемии. Через 2 нед, один и два месяца интоксикации у животных выявлялись корреляционные связи между основными показателями системы гемостаза и активностью процессов перекисного окисления липидов и антиоксидантных ферментов. Заключение. Полученные данные подтверждают наличие взаимосвязи активности процессов липопероксидации и системы гемостаза, в том числе при хронической никелевой интоксикации. Результаты исследования позволяют рекомендовать применение антиоксидантов для разработки способов коррекции гемостатических сдвигов при воздействии на организм тяжелых металлов. The aim. To study the state of the hemostasis system in chronic nickel intoxication and to investigate the relationship between hemocoagulation indices and lipoperoxidation processes in rats. Methods. Experiments were carried out on male Wistar rats (n=50, 230-250 g). A solution of nickel chloride (5 mg/kg) was administered daily intragastrically for two weeks, one and two months. At the end of the experiments, indices of platelet and coagulation hemostasis systems, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma, and activities of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes were studied. Results. Hypercoagulative changes in indices of the coagulation system were observed in rats after two weeks and one month of intoxication, including increased platelet aggregation and fibrinogen concentration and shortened activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time. During the same period, increased antithrombin and fibrinolytic activities were observed. The depressed activity of the cellular component of hemostasis evident as thrombocytopenia and impaired ADP-induced platelet aggregation was detected after two months of intoxication. A tendency to decrease in fibrinogen concentration was observed. The shortened activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time were associated with prolonged prothrombin time. At the same time, inhibition of the anticoagulant component of hemostasis (decreased antithrombin III activity), exhaustion of the fibrinolysis system reserve (delayed fXIIa-dependent euglobulin lysis), and a significant increase in soluble fibrin monomeric complexes indicative of thrombinemia were observed. After two weeks, one and two months of nickel intoxication, a correlation was found between the major indices of the hemostasis system and the activities of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes. Conclusion. The study confirmed a relationship between the lipid peroxidation activity and the hemostasis system, specifically in chronic nickel intoxication. This result allows to recommend the use of antioxidants in developing methods for correction of hemostatic induced affected by heavy metals.

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Ethyl acetate fraction of Cola hispida leaf protects against doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury in male albino rats

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43094-021-00207-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chiemeka Lynda Umenwanne ◽

Martins Obinna Ogugofor ◽

Obioma U. Njoku

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Myocardial Injury ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Cardiac Biomarker ◽

Novel Drugs ◽

Myxomatous Degeneration ◽

Pre Treatment

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases have continued to be the leading cause of death globally. In addition, some of the drugs used in the treatment of the diseases present some adverse effects which limit the usefulness of such drugs. Thus, there is a need for novel drugs whose side effect is either minimal or non-existent. The presence of bioactive compounds in Cola hispida leaf is of great significance in the treatment and management of cardiovascular conditions. This study investigated the cardio-protective potential against doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiac infarction in rats. Results Dox induction resulted to muscle fiber degeneration in Dox-treated rats hence revealed significant (p < 0.05) elevation in the serum level of cardio biomarker enzymes and lipid peroxidation profile while significant (p < 0.05) fall in cardiac enzymatic antioxidant levels were observed relative to the normal control. Pre-treatment with ethyl acetate fraction of Cola hispida leaf expressed cardio-protective potentials against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity by significantly (p < 0.05) lowering the levels of cardiac biomarker enzymes towards normal, building up the activities of subdued antioxidant enzymes and depleting its malondialdehyde level. Histopathology photomicrograph of the heart tissues expressed myxomatous degeneration but was ameliorated through the administration of the fraction. Conclusion In accordance with the findings from this study, the administration of ethyl acetate fraction of Cola hispida leaf is effective against Dox-induced redox imbalance due to its enriched antioxidant phytoconstituents.

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Effect of Cross-Sex Hormonal Replacement on Antioxidant Enzymes in Rat Retroperitoneal Fat Adipocytes

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2016/1527873 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Israel Pérez-Torres ◽

Verónica Guarner-Lans ◽

Alejandra Zúñiga-Muñoz ◽

Rodrigo Velázquez Espejel ◽

Alfredo Cabrera-Orefice ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Glutathione Reductase ◽

Enzymatic Activities ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Control Groups ◽

Intact Female ◽

Hormonal Replacement

We report the effect of cross-sex hormonal replacement on antioxidant enzymes from rat retroperitoneal fat adipocytes. Eight rats of each gender were assigned to each of the following groups: control groups were intact female or male (F and M, resp.). Experimental groups were ovariectomized F (OvxF), castrated M (CasM), OvxF plus testosterone (OvxF + T), and CasM plus estradiol (CasM + E2) groups. After sacrifice, retroperitoneal fat was dissected and processed for histology. Adipocytes were isolated and the following enzymatic activities were determined: Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and glutathione reductase (GR). Also, glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured. In OvxF, retroperitoneal fat increased and adipocytes were enlarged, while in CasM rats a decrease in retroperitoneal fat and small adipocytes are observed. The cross-sex hormonal replacement in F rats was associated with larger adipocytes and a further decreased activity of Cu-Zn SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, GR, and GSH, in addition to an increase in LPO. CasM + E2exhibited the opposite effects showing further activation antioxidant enzymes and decreases in LPO. In conclusion, E2deficiency favors an increase in retroperitoneal fat and large adipocytes. Cross-sex hormonal replacement in F rats aggravates the condition by inhibiting antioxidant enzymes.

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