scholarly journals MiR-615 Agomir Encapsulated in Pluronic F-127 Alleviates Neuron Damage and Facilitates Function Recovery After Brachial Plexus Avulsion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangzhen Chen ◽  
Lu Ding ◽  
Hua Shui ◽  
Yinru Liang ◽  
Xiaomin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Functional Rehabilitation ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Brachial Plexus Avulsion ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Neuron Damage ◽  
The Central Nervous System

AbstractBrachial plexus avulsion (BPA) is a devastating traumatic peripheral nerve injury complicated with paralysis of the upper extremity. We previously reported that leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin-like domain-containing NOGO receptor-interacting protein 1 (LINGO-1) has a potent role in inhibiting neuron survival and axonal regeneration after the central nervous system (CNS) damage and miR-615 is a potential microRNA (miRNA) negatively regulated LINGO-1. However, the effect of miR-615 in BPA remains to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence indicates that pluronic F-127 (PF-127) hydrogel could serve as a promising vehicle for miRNA encapsulation. Thus, to further explore the potential role of hydrogel-miR-615 in BPA-reimplantation, the present study established the BPA rat model and injected miR-615 agomir encapsulated by PF-127 hydrogel into the reimplantation site using a microsyringe. In this study, results indicated that hydrogel-miR-615 agomir effectively alleviated motoneuron loss by LINGO-1 inhibition, promoted musculocutaneous nerve regeneration and myelination, reduced astrocytes activation, promoted angiogenesis and attenuated peripheral amyotrophy, leading to improved motor functional rehabilitation of the upper extremity. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that miR-615-loaded PF-127 hydrogel may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for BPA treatment.

scholarly journals MiR-615 Agomir Encapsulated in Pluronic F-127 Alleviates Neuron Damage and Facilitates Function Recovery after Brachial Plexus Avulsion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangzhen Chen ◽  
Lu Ding ◽  
Hua Shui ◽  
Yinru Liang ◽  
Xiaomin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Functional Rehabilitation ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Brachial Plexus Avulsion ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Neuron Damage

Abstract Brachial plexus avulsion(BPA)is a devastating traumatic peripheral nerve injury complicated with paralysis of the upper extremity. We previously reported that leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin-like domain-containing NOGO receptor-interacting protein 1 (LINGO-1) has a potent role in inhibiting neuron survival and axonal regeneration after central nervous system (CNS) damage and miR-615 is a potential microRNA (miRNA) negatively regulated LINGO-1. However, the effect of miR-615 in BPA remains to be elucidated. Accumulating evidence indicates that pluronic F-127 (PF-127) hydrogel could serve as a promising vehicle for miRNA encapsulation. Thus, to further explore the potential role of hydrogel-miR-615 in BPA-reimplantation, the present study established the BPA rat model and injected miR-615 agomir encapsulated by PF-127 hydrogel into the reimplantation site using a microsyringe. In this study, results indicated that hydrogel-miR-615 agomir effectively alleviated motoneuron loss by LINGO-1 inhibition, promoted musculocutaneous nerve regeneration and myelination, reduced astrocytes activation, promoted angiogenesis and attenuated peripheral amyotrophy, leading to improved motor functional rehabilitation of the upper extremity. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that miR-615-loaded PF-127 hydrogel may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for BPA treatment.

scholarly journals Glymphatic System in the Central Nervous System, a Novel Therapeutic Direction Against Brain Edema After Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyue Zhou ◽  
Youwei Li ◽  
Cameron Lenahan ◽  
Yibo Ou ◽  
Minghuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Edema ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Glymphatic System ◽  
System A ◽  
Function Recovery ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Brain

Stroke is the destruction of brain function and structure, and is caused by either cerebrovascular obstruction or rupture. It is a disease associated with high mortality and disability worldwide. Brain edema after stroke is an important factor affecting neurologic function recovery. The glymphatic system is a recently discovered cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) transport system. Through the perivascular space and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) on astrocytes, it promotes the exchange of CSF and interstitial fluid (ISF), clears brain metabolic waste, and maintains the stability of the internal environment within the brain. Excessive accumulation of fluid in the brain tissue causes cerebral edema, but the glymphatic system plays an important role in the process of both intake and removal of fluid within the brain. The changes in the glymphatic system after stroke may be an important contributor to brain edema. Understanding and targeting the molecular mechanisms and the role of the glymphatic system in the formation and regression of brain edema after stroke could promote the exclusion of fluids in the brain tissue and promote the recovery of neurological function in stroke patients. In this review, we will discuss the physiology of the glymphatic system, as well as the related mechanisms and therapeutic targets involved in the formation of brain edema after stroke, which could provide a new direction for research against brain edema after stroke.

Follow-up 26 years after dorsal root entry zone thermocoagulation for brachial plexus avulsion and phantom limb pain

2011 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nestor D. Tomycz ◽  
John J. Moossy
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Dorsal Root ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Entry Zone ◽  
Dorsal Root Entry Zone ◽  
Brachial Plexus Avulsion ◽  
Root Entry Zone

Brachial plexus avulsion and limb amputation are often associated with intractable chronic pain. Dorsal root entry zone (DREZ) thermocoagulation is an effective surgical treatment for upper-extremity deafferentation pain. The authors describe the clinical follow-up and imaging in a patient who underwent DREZ thermocoagulation 26 years ago for postamputation phantom limb syndrome with associated brachial plexus avulsion. This patient continues to have successful pain control without phantom limb sensation and has never experienced a recurrence of his left upper-extremity pain syndrome. This report lends credibility to the notion that, among ablative neurosurgical pain operations, DREZ thermocoagulation may provide the greatest durability of pain control.

The role of neurotrophic factors in genesis and maintenance of mechanical hypernociception after brachial plexus avulsion in mice

Pain ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nara Lins Meira Quintão ◽  
Adair Roberto Soares Santos ◽  
Maria Martha Campos ◽  
João B. Calixto
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Brachial Plexus Avulsion

Efficacy and Safety of Two-Level Block of Brachial Plexus in Surgeries on Proximal Upper Extremity

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
V. B Dubinenkov ◽  
P. A Lyuboshevskiy ◽  
S. V Larionov ◽  
M. S Zvorygina ◽  
N. A Koryshkov
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Intercostobrachial Nerve

Study results for 71 patients (mean age 58.3±3.4 years) who were operated on for the injury of shoulder joint, upper and middle humerus are presented. Surgical intervention was performed under regional anesthesia. Block of superficial cervical plexus and intercostobrachial nerve was applied in all cases. Additionally in the main group (n=37) two-level block of brachial plexus (BBP): interscalene blockade in complex with supraclavicular one was used, in control group (n=34) — one-level block, i.e. either interscalene or supraclavicular was performed. Pain syndrome was assessed by visual analogue scale. It was shown that in surgical interventions on proximal upper extremity two-level BBP provided higher quality of anesthetic effect and postoperative analgesia, enabled to decrease the expenditure of opioid analgesics within the first postoperative day and, hence, the risk of related side effects development. Number of complications was not significantly different between the two groups.

Central Nervous System Processing of Emotions in Children with Fecal Incontinence and Constipation

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Monika Equit ◽  
Justine Niemczyk ◽  
Anna Kluth ◽  
Carla Thomas ◽  
Mathias Rubly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Fecal Incontinence ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Afferent Pathways ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cortical Regions

Abstract. Objective: Fecal incontinence and constipation are common disorders in childhood. The enteric nervous system and the central nervous system are highly interactive along the brain-gut axis. The interaction is mainly afferent. These afferent pathways include centers that are involved in the central nervous processing of emotions as the mid/posterior insula and the anterior cingulate cortex. A previous study revealed altered processing of emotions in children with fecal incontinence. The present study replicates these results. Methods: In order to analyze the processing of emotions, we compared the event-related potentials of 25 children with fecal incontinence and constipation to those of 15 control children during the presentation of positive, negative, and neutral pictures. Results: Children with fecal incontinence and constipation showed altered processing of emotions, especially in the parietal and central cortical regions. Conclusions: The main study results of the previous study were replicated, increasing the certainty and validity of the findings.

Moderating Role of Gender in the Relationship between Cognitive Errors and Anxiety among Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-102
Author(s):  
Tasnim Rehna ◽  
Rubina Hanif ◽  
Muhammad Aqeel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Adolescent Psychopathology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cognitive Errors ◽  
Adolescent Anxiety ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Status ◽  
Manifest Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Widespread social paradigms on which the status variances are grounded in any society, gender plays pivotal role in manifestation of mental health problems (Rutter, 2007). A hefty volume of research has addressed the issue in adults nonetheless, little is vividly known about the role of gender in adolescent psychopathology. Sample: A sample of 240 adolescents (125 boys, 115 girls) aging 12-18 years was amassed from various secondary schools of Islamabad with the approval of the Federal Directorate of Education (FDE), relevant authorities of the schools and the adolescents themselves. Instruments: Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (Taylor & Spence, 1953) and Children’s Negative Cognitive Errors Questionnaire (CNCEQ) by Leitenberg et al., (1986) were applied in present study. Results: Multiple regression analysis revealed that cognitive errors jointly accounted for 78% of variance in predicting anxiety among adolescents. Findings also exhibited that gender significantly moderated the relationship between cognitive errors and adolescent anxiety. Implications of the findings are discoursed for future research and clinical practice.

Work Life Balance and Job Satisfaction - A Structural Equation Modeling

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Dr. D. Shoba ◽  
Dr. G. Suganthi
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Study Results

Work-Life balance has its importance from ancient days and the concept is very old, from the day the world has been created. There was a drastic change that has occurred in the market of teachers and their personal profiles. There are tremendous changes in various families which have bartered from the ‘breadwinner’ role of traditional men to single parent families and dual earning couples. This study furnishes an insight into work life balance and job satisfaction of teachers working in School of Villupuram District. The sample comprises of 75 school teachers from Government and private schools in Villupuram District. The Study results that there is increasing mediating evidence in Work-life balance as well as Job satisfaction of teachers are not affected by the type of school in which they are working. Job satisfaction or Pleasure of life will be affected as a whole by Work life balance of an individual which is the main which can be calculated by construct of subjective well being.

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