PHUBBING BEHAVIOR AND ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIP: MECHANISM OF MENTAL HEALTH AMONG MARRIED COUPLES

Does Phubbing Behavior and Romantic Relation leads to Mental Health issues among married couple? The present study intended to explore the effect of how phubbing behavior and romantic relationships are affecting mental health of married couples. For the study purpose a sample of 120 Married couples were taken between the age ranges 20-60 years of age. Partner Phubbing Rating Scale developed by Roberts and David (2015) was used to measure phubbing behavior among married couples. Romantic Partner Scale (RPS) developed by Zacchilli, Hendricks, and Hendricks, (2012) was applied to assess the romantic relationship between both partners and the third scale used was short form of Mental Health Continuum developed by Keyes (2005) in order to assess the mental health issue among married couples. Phubbing behavior positively predicted interactional activity and negatively predicts compromise, avoidance, separation, dominance and submission. Phubbing behavior negatively predicts mental health among married couples. Gender difference indicates that males are higher on romantic relationship as well as mental health as compared to females. As far as demographic variables are concerned, based on the findings of current research, it was concluded that there was no gender differences found in phubbing behavior, romantic relationship, and mental health of married couples. Phubbing behavior is significantly higher in love marriage couples in comparison with arranged marriage couples.

Moderating Role of Gender in the Relationship between Cognitive Errors and Anxiety among Adolescents

Background: Widespread social paradigms on which the status variances are grounded in any society, gender plays pivotal role in manifestation of mental health problems (Rutter, 2007). A hefty volume of research has addressed the issue in adults nonetheless, little is vividly known about the role of gender in adolescent psychopathology. Sample: A sample of 240 adolescents (125 boys, 115 girls) aging 12-18 years was amassed from various secondary schools of Islamabad with the approval of the Federal Directorate of Education (FDE), relevant authorities of the schools and the adolescents themselves. Instruments: Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (Taylor & Spence, 1953) and Children’s Negative Cognitive Errors Questionnaire (CNCEQ) by Leitenberg et al., (1986) were applied in present study. Results: Multiple regression analysis revealed that cognitive errors jointly accounted for 78% of variance in predicting anxiety among adolescents. Findings also exhibited that gender significantly moderated the relationship between cognitive errors and adolescent anxiety. Implications of the findings are discoursed for future research and clinical practice.

Piri-Muridi and Belief System: Role of Socio-Demographic Factors Within Pakistani context

The present study explored the role of socio-demographic factors with Piri-Muridi within indigenous context of Pakistan. Participants (N = 291) were taken from Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Azad Kashmir, and Mansehra. Their age ranged from 18-73 years (M = 30.38, SD = 10.74). Piri-Muridi scale (Hassan & Kamal, 2010) was used to assess the mean differences across various demographic factors. Results revealed that women are more inclined towards Piri-Muridi and have more perception of negative change in Piri-Muridi as compared to men. Married individuals scored significantly higher as compared to single individuals on the facets of belief system about Piri-Muridi. Older aged adults scored significantly higher on the domain of Piri-Muridi and belief system about Piri-Muridi. Post hoc analysis revealed that participants having less education have more favorable attitude towards Piri-Muridi as compared to those having high level education. Murids have strong belief in Piri-Muridi as compared to situational believers of Piri-Muridi and non-believers of Piri-Muridi. Non-believers of Piri-Muridi have more negative perception of change in Piri-Muridi as compared to strong believers and Murids. Ahly hades sect showed strong negative perception regarding Piri-Muridi as compared to Ahly sunnat brelvi. Findings are discussed with reference to pertinent literature and suggestions have been given for future researchers.

Beggars as Bully Perpetrators and General Public as Victims

This qualitative study aimed to explore peoples’ experiences of being bullied and victimized while dealing with beggars phenomenologically. 14 Adults (7 males, 7 females) were included in the study. The age of participants was 25 years and above. The main objectives of the study were to explore how beggars emotionally victimize the general public, how do people get threatened at the hands of beggars as they exploit the publics’ emotions with the help of blackmailing tactics Therefore the Research Questions in this regard were: firstly, how people are entangled in situations and feel threatened while interacting with beggars? Secondly, what tactics are used by beggars to emotionally victimize the general public? Thirdly, how public is emotionally blackmailed by the tricks and tactics used by beggars? Phenomenological research design was used which provided a rich and detailed account of public experiences. The focus was on how people actually perceived the events rather than how the phenomena existed. Open ended questions were put forth which provided the lived experiences of the participants. Responses of the participants were transcribed and themes were generated. The major themes which emerged were named as Anger, Exploitation, Distress, Manipulation, Fraud, Fear, Assault, Fooling public, Emotionally charging, Threatening, Stealing, Target weakness, Harassed, Monitory gain by beggars. Hence the results revealed that people do felt threatened while interacting with beggars who blackmailed them with different tricks and at times also involved in stealing, intimidation unwanted touching, name calling, cursing and even snatching the money from wallets, etc The implication of this study can be at societal or governmental level where authorities and policy makers can adopt some preventive or remedial measures for beggars and their interaction with public. Key words: Perpetrators, Bully, Victim, General Public, Beggar, Phenomenological.