Functional Independence in the Community Dwelling Older People: a Scoping Review

AbstractAgeing potentially poses a threat to independent functioning of older adults. Although clinicians commonly focus on physical factors limiting Functional Independence (FI), it is likely that personal and environmental interactions also seem important to maintain FI. Herewith, FI exceeds several professional borders and calls for a uniform, multidisciplinary interdisciplinary supported definition of FI. This study aims to provide such a definition of FI in community dwelling older people. A scoping review was performed. Pubmed/Medline, Psychinfo and CINAHL were searched for studies describing aspects of FI. A literature-based definition of FI was discussed by experts (n = 7), resulting in a formulated final definition of FI and insight into contributing factors to FI. A multidisciplinairy focusgroup a stakeholder consultation (n = 15) ensured clinical relevance for daily practice. Data from the focusgroup stakeholder consultation were analyzed by using Atlas.ti (version 8). Based on the literature search, 25 studies were included. FI was finally defined as “Functioning physically safely and independent from another person, within one’s own context”. The contributing factors of FI comprised physical capacity combined with coping, empowerment and health literacy. Moreover, the level of FI is influenced by someone’s own context. This study confirms the relevance of the physical aspect of FI, but additionally stresses the importance of psychological factors. In addition, this study shows that one’s context may affect the level of FI as well. This underlines the importance of a holistic view and calls for multidisciplinary interdisciplinary collaboration in community-dwelling older people.

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Toward a conceptual definition of frail community dwelling older people

Nursing Outlook ◽

10.1016/j.outlook.2009.09.005 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 58 (2) ◽

pp. 76-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 162

Author(s):

Robbert J. Gobbens ◽

Katrien G. Luijkx ◽

Maria T. Wijnen-Sponselee ◽

Jos M. Schols

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Conceptual Definition ◽

Community Dwelling Older People ◽

Definition Of

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Prevalence and definition of sarcopenia in community dwelling older people

Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie ◽

10.1007/s00391-015-0886-z ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 94-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

D. Spira ◽

K. Norman ◽

J. Nikolov ◽

I. Demuth ◽

E. Steinhagen-Thiessen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Community Dwelling Older People ◽

Definition Of

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Mapping instruments for assessing and stratifying frailty among community-dwelling older people: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052301 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. e052301

Author(s):

Luiz Eduardo Lima Andrade ◽

Beatriz Souza de Albuquerque Caciqu New York ◽

Rafaella Silva dos Santos Aguiar Gonçalves ◽

Sabrina Gabrielle Gomes Fernandes ◽

Álvaro Campos Cavalcanti Maciel

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Latin American ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Data Extraction ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Frailty Phenotype ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Study Selection ◽

Community Dwelling Older People

ObjectiveTo map in the current literature instruments for the assessment and stratification of frailty in community-dwelling older people, as well as to analyse them from the perspective of the Brazilian context.DesignScoping review.Study selectionThe selection of studies took place between March and April 2020. Includes electronic databases: Medline, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, Scopus, Web of Science and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Literature Health Alliance, in addition to searching grey literature.Data extractionA data extraction spreadsheet was created to collect the main information from the studies involved, from the title to the type of assessment and stratification of frailty.ResultsIn summary, 17 frailty assessment and stratification instruments applicable to community-dwelling older people were identified. Among these, the frailty phenotype of Fried et al was the instrument most present in the studies (45.5%). The physical domain was present in all the instruments analysed, while the social, psychological and environmental domains were present in only 10 instruments.ConclusionsThis review serves as a guideline for primary healthcare professionals, showing 17 instruments applicable to the context of the community-dwelling older people, pointing out advantages and disadvantages that influence the decision of the instrument to be used. Furthermore, this scoping review was a guide for further studies carried out by the same authors, which aim to compare instruments.

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Impact of Low Muscle Mass and Low Muscle Strength According to EWGSOP2 and EWGSOP1 in Community-Dwelling Older People

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glaa063 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 75 (7) ◽

pp. 1324-1330 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luisa Costanzo ◽

Antonio De Vincentis ◽

Angelo Di Iorio ◽

Stefania Bandinelli ◽

Luigi Ferrucci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Older People ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Mobility Disability ◽

European Working ◽

Normal Mass ◽

Community Dwelling Older People ◽

Universal Definition ◽

Definition Of

Abstract Background A universal definition of sarcopenia is still lacking. Since the European criteria have been recently revised, we aimed at studying prevalence of low muscle strength (LMS) and low muscle mass (LMM), as defined according to the European Working Group of Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) 2 and 1 definitions, and their individual contribution toward mortality and incident mobility disability in a cohort of community-dwelling older people. Methods Longitudinal analysis of 535 participants of the InCHIANTI study. LMS and LMM were defined according to the criteria indicated in the EWGSOP2 and 1. Cox and log-binomial regressions were used to examine association with mortality and 3-year mobility disability (inability to walk 400 m). Results We observed a lower prevalence of the combination LMM/LMS according to EWGSOP2 compared to EWGSOP1 (3.2% vs 6.2%). Using the new criteria, all sarcopenia components were associated with mortality, although the hazard ratio [HR] for the group LMM/LMS was no longer significant after adjustment for confounders (LMM: HR 2.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–6.94; LMS: HR 3.18, 95% CI 1.44–7.01; LMM/LMS: HR 2.95, 95% CI 0.86–10.16). Using EWGSOP1, LMS alone was independently associated with mortality (HR 4.43, 95% CI 1.85–10.57). None of the sarcopenia components conferred a higher risk of mobility disability. Conclusions The EWGSOP2 algorithm leads to a reduction in the estimated prevalence of sarcopenia defined as combination of LMM/LMS. The finding that, independent of the adopted criteria, people with LMS and normal mass have a higher mortality risk compared to robust individuals, confirms that evaluation of muscle strength has a central role for prognosis evaluation.

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The evaluation of the relationships between physical factors and effects of exercise intervention on physical functions in community-dwelling older people

Nippon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi Japanese Journal of Geriatrics ◽

10.3143/geriatrics.43.781 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 781-788 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Takeshi Arai ◽

Shuichi Obuchi ◽

Motonaga Kojima ◽

Yuko Matumoto ◽

Yasuko Inaba

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Physical Factors ◽

Physical Functions ◽

Community Dwelling Older People

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Ethical issues related to the use of gerontechnology in older people care: A scoping review

Nursing Ethics ◽

10.1177/0969733019845132 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 88-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Suvi Sundgren ◽

Minna Stolt ◽

Riitta Suhonen

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Scientific Practice ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Quality Care ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Main Theme ◽

Community Dwelling Older People

Background: Demographic trends indicate growth of population aged 65 and older in Western countries. One of the greatest challenges is to provide high-quality care for all. Technological solutions designed for older people, gerontechnology, can somewhat balance the gap between resources and the increasing demand of healthcare services. However, there are also ethical issues in the use of gerontechnology that need to be pointed out. Purpose: To describe what ethical issues are related to the use of gerontechnology in the care of community-dwelling older people. Methods: A scoping review was performed to identify and analyse studies concerning ethical issues when using gerontechnology in the home care of older people. The literature search was limited to studies published after 1990 and addressed to the electronic databases CINAHL, PubMed, Cochrane, Medic, IEEE Explore and Web of Science. The search was performed in July−August 2018. Data from empirical studies were analysed using thematic analysis. Ethical considerations: This scoping review was conducted in accordance with good scientific practice. The work of other researchers was respected and cited appropriately. Results: A total of 17 studies were identified. Two main themes were found. ‘Balancing between the benefits of using gerontechnology and the basic rights of older people’, consisted of the subthemes safety, privacy and autonomy. The other main theme, ‘Gerontechnology as a risk of insecurity for older people’, included the subthemes fear of losing human contact and concern and fear. Surveillance and monitoring technologies were mainly studied. Conclusion: These results suggest that there may be ethical issues related to the use of gerontechnology and they must therefore be taken into consideration when implementing technology in the care of community-dwelling older people.

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