scholarly journals The Assessment of Early Complications and Risk Factors Affecting Their Occurrence in Breast Reconstructive Procedures

Author(s):  
Justyna Jończyk ◽  
Jerzy Jankau

AbstractThe presence of postoperative complications may have a significant impact on the outcome of the breast reconstruction. The aim of this study was to investigate early postoperative complications and the risk factors for their occurrence. A prospective analysis was carried out to evaluate surgical outcomes after breast reconstructive surgeries performed over a 2-year period. Procedures included expander/implant (TE/IMP), pedicle transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (pTRAM), and latissimus dorsi (LD) techniques. All adverse events which occurred within 6 weeks of surgery were ranked according to severity based on the contracted Accordion grading system. Outcomes were assessed for their association with surgical, demographic, and clinical variables. Sixty-one consecutive breast reconstruction procedures were analyzed. The overall complication rate was 60.7% (n = 37), and 8 patients (13.1%) required reoperation. The lowest complication rate was observed in implant-based reconstructions (TE/IMP, 18.8%; pTRAM, 72.7%; LD, 78.3%; p = 0.008). Mild complications occurred significantly more often after LD reconstructions (LD, 60.9%; pTRAM, 22.7%; TE/IMP, 12.5%; p = 0.031), while severe complications were significantly more frequent after the pTRAM procedures (pTRAM, 27.3%; TE/IMP, 6.2%; LD, 8.7%; p = 0.047). Severe complications were associated with higher rehospitalization rate (p = 0.010) and longer hospital stay. Study revealed a significant impact of the operative method on the incidence and severity of early complications after breast reconstruction procedures with little effect from other demographic and clinical factors.

Gland Surgery ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andri Thorarinsson ◽  
Victoria Fröjd ◽  
Lars Kölby ◽  
Mattias Lidén ◽  
Anna Elander ◽  
...  

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Sigitas Tamulis ◽  
Juozas Stanaitis ◽  
Edmundas Gaidamonis ◽  
Raimundas Lunevičius

Sigitas Tamulis, Juozas Stanaitis, Edmundas Gaidamonis, Raimundas LunevičiusVilniaus universiteto, Bendrosios ir kraujagyslių chirurgijos klinikosBendrosios chirurgijos centrasVilniaus universitetinė greitosios pagalbos ligoninė Įvadas / tikslas Įvertinti pooperacinių pilvo sienos išvaržų gydymo naudojant sintetinį tinklą ankstyvuosius ir vėlyvuosius pooperacinius rezultatus ir veiksnius, lemiančius pooperacines komplikacijas bei išvaržos atsinaujinimą. Ligoniai ir metodai Vilniaus greitosios pagalbos universitetinės ligoninės Bendrosios chirurgijos klinikoje, o vėliau – Bendrosios chirurgijos centre 2000–2002 metais nuo pooperacinių pilvo sienos išvaržų operuotas 221 ligonis. Sintetinis tinklas įsiūtas 82 (37 %) atvejais. Ligonių amžius, lytis, buvusios pooperacinės pilvo sienos išvaržos operacijos, išvaržos vartų dydis pagal Stoppa klasifikaciją, tinklo rūšis, įsiuvimo vieta, profilaktinis gydymas antibiotikais, žaizdos drenavimas vertinti kaip veiksniai, lemiantys pooperacinių komplikacijų pasireiškimą ir išvaržos atsinaujinimą. Rezultatai Pooperacinių komplikacijų buvo devyniems ligoniams (11 %), iš jų aštuoniems (9,7 %) nustatytos vietinės žaizdos komplikacijos: žaizdos seroma – penkiems (6,1 %), žaizdos infekcija – dviem (2,4 %), pooperacinis pilvo sienos uždegimas be pūlių sankaupos – vienam (1,2 %). Bendras infekcinių komplikacijų dažnis sudarė 3,6 %. Ligonių, kuriems nustatytos pooperacinės komplikacijos, vidutinis amžius buvo 65,5 metai, t. y. tik trejais metais didesnis už bendrą ligonių amžiaus vidurkį. Santykinai daugiau vietinių komplikacijų pasireiškė ligoniams, kuriems buvo Stoppa III laipsnio pooperacinės išvaržos (16 %, palyginti su 9,7 % bendru komplikacijų dažniu). Profilaktinis gydymas antibiotikais 6,3 % sumažino pooperacinių infekcinių komplikacijų dažnį (taikant šį gydymą – 2,8 %, netaikant – 9,1 %). Įsiuvus proleno tinklą, pooperacinių komplikacijų radosi 5,1 % mažiau negu naudojant mersileno tinklą. Įsiuvimo padėtis įtakos pooperacinių komplikacijų pasireiškimo dažniui neturėjo. Žaizdos drenavimas 7,5 % sumažino vietinių komplikacijų dažnį. Išvaržos atsinaujino 10,9 % ligonių. Jaunesnies kaip 60 metų amžiaus ligoniams recidyvų buvo 4,5 kartus daugiau negu vyresniems. Vyrams išvaržos atsinaujino 2,4 karto dažniau negu moterims. Kartotinių operacijų nuo pooperacinės išvaržos atvejais recidyvų buvo 3,6 % daugiau negu operuojant pirmą kartą. Recidyvų radosi 22,7 % ligoniams, kuriems buvo Stoppa I–II laipsnio išvaržos, ir nė vienam iš ligonių, kuriems buvo Stoppa III–IV laipsnio išvaržos. Išvaržos atsinaujino 18,75 % ligonių, kuriems buvo įsiūtas proleno tinklas, ir tik 6,9 % ligonių, kuriems įsiūtas mersileno tinklas. Antibiotikų profilaktika ir žaizdos drenavimas išvaržos atsinaujinimo dažnį sumažino atitinkamai 25,8 % ir 10,3 % (7,5 % / 33,3 % ir 9,7 % / 20 %). Išvados Darant hernioplastikas aloplastiniu tinklu, pooperacinių pilvo sienos išvaržų dažnis sumažėja keturis kartus. Tinklus įsiuvus preperitoniškai ar po raumenimis („Sublay“ metodika), išvaržų atsinaujinimo dažnis – 11 %. Taikant profilaktinį gydymą antibiotikais, vietinių infekcinių komplikacijų dažnis sumažėja tris kartus, pooperacinių išvaržų atsinaujinimo dažnis – keturis kartus. Tinklo rūšis (prolenas, mersilenas) ankstyvų komplikacijų dažniui įtakos neturėjo. Tinklas turi būti pakankamai platus: jis įsiuvamas iš visų pusių mažiausiai 5 cm plačiau nuo pilvo sienoje susidariusio raumenų ir fascijos defekto. Žaizdos drenavimas turi įtakos tik seromų susidarymui (drenavus jų pasitaiko 3 kartus mažiau); vietinių infekcinių komplikacijų dažniui šis veiksnys poveikio neturi. Pooperacinės išvaržos dažniau atsinaujina vyrams iki 60 metų. Darant mažesnių išvaržų (Stoppa I–II) plastiką sintetiniais tinklais, išvaržų atsinaujinimo dažnis (22,7 %) buvo statistiškai patikimai didesnis (palyginti su Stoppa III–IV laipsnio išvaržomis, kai nenustyta nė vienos atsinaujinusios išvaržos); priežastys nėra iki galo aiškios, tačiau tai gali būti susiję su specifine priežastimi – per mažų tinklų įsiuvimu (tinklo dydis turi tiesioginę įtaką kainai). Prasminiai žodžiai: pooperacinė pilvo sienos išvarža, hernioplastika, alotransplantatai, tinklas, komplikacijos. Incisional ventral hernia repair by alloplastic mesh Sigitas Tamulis, Juozas Stanaitis, Edmundas Gaidamonis, Raimundas Lunevičius Background / objective Factors strongly associated with all types of postoperative complications after implantation of synthetic mesh due to postoperative (incisional) ventral hernia have not yet been determined definitely. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate early results, hernia recurrence rate and the factors that might be associated with early as well as late postoperative complications. Methods There were 221 patients operated on for postoperative abdominal wall hernia in Vilnius University Emergency Hospital during 2000–2002. Synthetic mesh was inserted in 82 (37%) of patients. Age, sex, the size of the hernia according to Stoppa classification, the type of the biomaterial, the position of the mesh, antibiotic prophylaxis, wound drainage were considered as the factors that might influence early postoperative complications and hernia recurrence rate. Results Early postoperative complications were detected in nine patients (11%): wound seromas – in 5 (6.1%), wound infection – in 2 (2.4%), postoperative infiltration without puss collection – in one (1.2%). The overall rate of infectious complications was 3.6%. Relatively more numerous postoperative local wound complications were observed in cases of the Stoppa grade III postoperative hernia (16% versus 9.7%). Antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the postoperative infection complication rate (2.8% with antibiotics versus 9.1% without antibiotics). The postoperative complication rate in cases of Prolene mesh implantation was by 5.1% lower than with Mersilene mesh. Wound drainage reduced the postoperative local wound complication rate by 7.5%. However, no factors were strongly associated with early postoperative complications. Overall hernia recurrence rate was 10.9%. There were 4.5 times more recurrences in patients younger than 60 years. The recurrence rate in male was 2.4 times higher than in female. Recurrent postoperative hernias occurred by 3.6% more frequently than after first time operated incisional hernias. The recurrence rate in cases of Stoppa I–II grade of hernia was 22.7% versus 0 in cases of Stoppa grade III–IV (p < 0.05). The proportion of recurrences in cases of Prolene and Mersilene meshes was 18.75% and 6.9%. Antibiotic prophylaxis and wound drainage obviously reduced the recurrence rate (7.5% versus 33.3%, and 9.7% versus 20%, respectively). Conclusions Employment of alloplastic biomaterials four times reduced the recurrence rate, which after the “Sublay” implantation of mesh was 11%. Antibiotic prophylaxis reduced the rate of postoperative complications three times and the rate of recurrence four times. The type of the biomaterial (Prolene or Mersilene) had no influence on the local postoperative complication rate. The size of mesh must be sufficient to replace the musculoaponeurotic defect and by 5 cm should overlap the musculoaponeurotic tissue. Drainage of the wound prevented seroma formation. Hernia recurrences are more frequent in male population aged under 60 years. The size of hernia was a statistically proven factor associated with a higher recurrence rate. This is probably associated with implatation of too small pieces of Prolene mesh. Keywords: postoperative ventral hernia, hernia repair, synthetic mesh, complications, recurrent hernia.


2016 ◽  
Vol 175 (5) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
V. I. Pomazkin

An analysis of early postoperative complications was made in reconstructive surgery on the colon in case of the end colostomy in patients with left-half colon cancer complicated by intestinal obstruction. This work investigated the prognostic factors, which could influence on incidence of complications. The research included results of reconstructive operations in 192 patients. The early postoperative complications were noted in 18 (9,4%) patients. The univariant analysis of risk factors showed, that the presence COPD increased the possibility of complication incidence in 1,7 times (p=0,044). The incidence of purulent complications on previous stage of treatment increased complications in 4,3 times (p=0,011) and the third degree of adhesions process intensity compared with the first degree - in 9,7 times (p=0,001). The multivariant analysis demonstrated a correlation of the complication risks in reconstructive operations with presence of complications on the previous stage of treatment. This correlation was 4,3 (CI 1,7-23,3; p=0,021) and it consisted of 7, 5 (CI 1,3-15,6; p=0,001) in case of presence of the third degree of adhesion process.


BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e047788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus F P T van Rens ◽  
Kevin Hugill ◽  
Mohamad A Mahmah ◽  
Mohammad Bayoumi ◽  
Airene L V Francia ◽  
...  

ObjectivesInfants in neonatal units benefit from dependable peripheral intravenous access. However, peripheral intravenous access exposes infants to high rates of clinically minor and serious complications. Despite this, little is known about the interplay of risk factors. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and evaluate the interactions of risk factors on the occurrence of peripheral intravenous complications in a neonatal population.DesignThis was a retrospective observational study.SettingThe study was performed on the neonatal intensive care unit of the Women’s Wellness and Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Qatar, as a single-site study.ParticipantsThis study included 12 978 neonates who required intravenous therapy.Outcome measurementsThe main outcome was the occurrence of any peripheral intravenous cannulation failure, leading to unplanned removal of the device before completion of the intended intravenous therapy.ResultsA mean dwell time of 36±28 hours was recorded in participants with no complications, whereas the mean dwell time was 31±23 hours in participants with an indication for premature removal of the peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) (p<0.001, t=11.35). Unplanned removal occurred in 59% of cases; the overall complication rate was 18 per 1000 catheter days. Unmodifiable factors affecting PIVC dwell time include lower birth (HR=0.23, 0.20 to 0.28, p<0.001) and current body weight (HR=1.06, 1.03 to 1.10, p=0.018). Cannulation site (HR=1.23, 1.16 to 1.30, p<0.001), the inserted device (HR=0.89, 0.84 to 0.94, p<0.001) and the indication for intravenous treatment (HR=0.76, 0.73 to 0.79, p<0.001) were modifiable factors.ConclusionMost infants experienced a vascular access-related complication. Given the high complication rate, PIVCs should be used judiciously and thought given prior to their use as to whether alternate means of intravenous access might be more appropriate.


1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. A45
Author(s):  
Avishai Ziser ◽  
David Plevak ◽  
Jorge Rakela ◽  
Kenneth Offord ◽  
David Brown

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e15544-e15544
Author(s):  
Jingdong Liu ◽  
Haojie Li ◽  
Gang Zhao ◽  
Zekuan Xu ◽  
Guoxin Li ◽  
...  

e15544 Background: The incidence rate of proximal gastric cancer has been rising steadily, and laparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) has been widely adopted. However, the safety of LTG still lacks solid evidence to prove. The aim of this study was to evaluate morbidity and mortality of LTG, and determine the risk factors associated with early postoperative complications. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study was carried out in China, and medical records of 109 gastric cancer patients receiving LTG during September 2014 and June 2016 were retrieved from the database. Patient characteristics, surgical outcomes, and postoperative morbidities and mortalities were analyzed. Results: Morbidity and mortality rates were 22.0% and 0% respectively. Pulmonary infection (13.8%, n = 15) was the most common complication. Most complications were grade II (15.5%, n = 17) according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Multivariable analysis identified comorbidity, type of reconstruction method (TLTG) were independent risk factors of early postoperative complications. Comorbidity was the only independent risk factor of complications graded more than II. Diabetes mellitus was found correlated with surgical complication in subgroup analysis. Conclusions: LTG is safe and technically feasible in treating gastric cancer. Careful selection of patients without comorbidity and applying laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy instead of totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy may decrease postoperative complications.


2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Milan Ranisavljevic ◽  
Vladimir Selakovic ◽  
Dejan Lukic ◽  
Zoran Radovanovic ◽  
Ferenc Vicko

Background: Benefits from the neoadjuvant approach are survival benefits and breast conservation surgery rather than mastectomy. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors that influence early local complications in patients that had breast surgery after neoadjuvant polychemotherapy. Methods: This retrospective study was undertaken with 361 breast cancer patients (women) who were treated at the Oncology Institute of Vojvodina from January 2007 to December 2012. In the first group (N1=103) were the patients who underwent neoadjuvant polychemotherapy and in the second group (N2=258) were patients who did not take neoadjuvant polychemotherapy. Surgery procedures were breast conservative surgery, mastectomy, or nipple sparing mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction, depending on tumor stage after polychemotherapy. Median follow-up of patients after operation was 49 months (ranging from 15 to 75 months). Results: The average reduction of tumor volume after neoadjuvant polychemotherapy was 30%. Most common complications were prolonged seroma formation and minor skin necrosis. Obesity, older age, smoking, and diabetes mellitus were recognized as risk factors for early postoperative complications after neoadjuvant polychemotherapy (p<0.05). Conclusion: Obesity, older age, smoking, and diabetes mellitus were recognized as risk factors for early postoperative complications after neoadjuvant polychemotherapy.


2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sadok ◽  
I. S. Krabbe-Timmerman ◽  
G. H. de Bock ◽  
P. M. N. Werker ◽  
L. Jansen

Background and Aims:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking and body mass index on the occurrence of complications after alloplastic breast reconstruction.Materials and Methods:A consecutive series of 56 patients treated with immediate or delayed alloplastic breast reconstruction, including six cases combined with latissimus dorsi flap, at three hospitals between 2012 and 2018 were included. Complications were scored and defined according to Clavien–Dindo. To evaluate the impact of smoking, body mass index, and other potential risk factors on the occurrence of any and severe complications, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.Results:In 56 patients, 22 patients had a complication. As much as 46% of smokers had severe complications compared to 18% of non-smokers. Of patients with body mass index ⩾ 25, 40% had severe complications compared to 10% with body mass index < 25. Smokers had eight times more chance of developing severe complications than non-smokers (ORadjusted = 8.0, p = 0.02). Patients with body mass index ⩾ 25 had almost 10 times more severe complications compared to patients with body mass index ⩽ 25 (ORadjusted = 9.9, p = 0.009). No other risk factors were significant.Conclusion:Smoking and body mass index ⩾ 25 both increased the complication rate to such an extent that patients should be informed about their increased risk for complications following alloplastic breast reconstruction and on these grounds surgeons may delay alloplastic breast reconstruction. It is an ethical dilemma whether one should deny overweight and obese patients and those who smoke an immediate alloplastic breast reconstruction. For both life style interventions, adequate guidance should be made available.


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