Chemical compositions and biological activities of the essential oils of Beilschmiedia madang Blume (Lauraceae)

AbstractThe present study investigates the chemical compositions of three Satureja montana L. ssp montana essential oils and correlates chemical variability with biological activities. GC/MS analysis showed that with an increase in altitude (100–500–800 m), a higher content of linalool, terpinen-4-ol and cis-sabinene hydrate was found, while the percentage of phenolic compounds, thymol and carvacrol decreased. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oils was tested against 7 fungal and 23 bacterial strains. The essential oil characterized by the highest content of phenols and alcohols exhibited the highest antimicrobial potential. The correlation analysis showed that the major carriers of the obtained antioxidant activity are oxygenated monoterpenes. All essential oils inhibited human serum cholinesterase activity. High antimicrobial potential, together with moderate antioxidant capacity and strong inhibition of human serum cholinesterase, classifies S. montana essential oil as a natural source of compounds that can be used in the treatment of foodborne and neurological diseases, wound and other infections, as well as for general health improvement.

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Antimicrobial Efficiency of Essential Oils from Traditional Medicinal Plants of Asir Region, Saudi Arabia over Drug Resistant Isolates

10.20944/preprints201810.0236.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ismail M. Helal ◽

Ashraf El-Bessoumy ◽

Erwah Al-Bataineh ◽

Martin R.P. Joseph ◽

Parassena Rajagopalan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Ocimum Basilicum ◽

Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Origanum Vulgare ◽

Asir Region

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a recurring global problem, which constantly demands new antimicrobial compounds to challenge the resistance. It is well known that essential oils (EOs) have been known for biological activities including antimicrobial properties. In this study, EOs from seven aromatic plants of Asir region of southwestern Saudi Arabia were tested for their antimicrobial efficacy against four drug resistant pathogenic bacterial isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Streptococcus typhimurium) and one fungal isolate (Candida albicans). Chemical compositions of EOs were determined by Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The results revealed that EOs from Mentha cervina, Ocimum basilicum and Origanum vulgare proved most active against all isolates with inhibitory zone range between17 to 45 mm.  The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.025mg/ml was observed for Staph. aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes with EO of Origanum vulgare. All the three EOs showed significant anti candida activity. Together form the results the EOs from Mentha cervina, Ocimum basilicum and Origanum vulgare demonstrated a significant antimicrobial efficacy against drug resistant microorganisms.

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Chemical Compositions, Phytotoxicity, and Biological Activities of Acorus Calamus Essential Oils from Nepal

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1300800839 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Prabodh Satyal ◽

Prajwal Paudel ◽

Ambika Poudel ◽

Noura S. Dosoky ◽

Debra M. Moriarity ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Brine Shrimp ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Acorus Calamus ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Seedling Growth Inhibition ◽

Mcf 7

Four essential oils from the leaf (P23) and rhizomes (P19, P22, P24) of Acorus calamus L., collected from various parts of Nepal, were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. From a total of 61 peaks, 57 compounds were identified among the four essential oils accounting for 94.3%, 96.2%, 97.6%, and 94.1% of the oils, respectively. All of the essential oils were dominated by ( Z)-asarone (78.1%–86.9%). The essential oils also contained ( E)-asarone (1.9%–9.9%) and small amounts of γ-asarone (2.0–2.3%), ( Z)-methyl isoeugenol (1.5–2.0%), and linalool (0.2–4.3%). Allelopathic testing of the rhizome oil showed inhibition of seed germination of Lactuca sativa and Lolium perenne with IC50 values of 450 and 737 μg/mL, respectively. The rhizome essential oil demonstrated stronger seedling growth inhibition of L. perenne than of L. sativa, however. The rhizome oil also showed notable brine shrimp lethality ( LC50 = 9.48 μg/mL), cytotoxic activity (92.2% kill on MCF-7 cells at 100 μg/mL), and antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (MIC = 19.5 μg/mL).

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Antimicrobial Efficiency of Essential Oils from Traditional Medicinal Plants of Asir Region, Saudi Arabia, over Drug Resistant Isolates

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/8928306 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Ismail M. Helal ◽

Ashraf El-Bessoumy ◽

Erwa Al-Bataineh ◽

Martin R. P. Joseph ◽

Prasanna Rajagopalan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Ocimum Basilicum ◽

Antimicrobial Efficacy ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Origanum Vulgare ◽

Asir Region

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a recurring global problem, which constantly demands new antimicrobial compounds to challenge the resistance. It is well known that essential oils (EOs) have been known for biological activities including antimicrobial properties. In this study, EOs from seven aromatic plants of Asir region of southwestern Saudi Arabia were tested for their antimicrobial efficacy against four drug resistant pathogenic bacterial isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus typhimurium) and one fungal isolate (Candida albicans). Chemical compositions of EOs were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results revealed that EOs from Mentha cervina, Ocimum basilicum, and Origanum vulgare proved most active against all isolates with inhibitory zone range between 17 and 45 mm. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.025mg/ml was observed for Staph. aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes with EO of Origanum vulgare. All the three EOs showed significant anticandida activity. The results related to EOs from Mentha cervina, Ocimum basilicum, and Origanum vulgare demonstrated significant antimicrobial efficacy against drug resistant microorganisms.

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Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils of Kadsura longepedunculata and Schisandra sphenanthera

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x07004874 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 35 (02) ◽

pp. 353-364 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Lei Song ◽

Jie-Ying Ding ◽

Cui Tang ◽

Chun-Hua Yin

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Liver Homogenate ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Dilution Method ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Schisandra Sphenanthera

The chemical compositions, antimicrobial activities, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicities of the essential oils isolated from the root of Kadsura longepedunculata Finet et Gagnep (KLREO) and the fruit of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wills. (SSFEO) were investigated.The analyses of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that cadinane type compounds and their derivatives were rich in both oils (54.2% and 39.7%, respectively) and δ-cadinene was the major component of both oils (13.8% and 25.6%, respectively). The antimicrobial activities of both oils were evaluated against five microorganisms with the disc diffusion and the broth micro-dilution method. Results showed that Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to both oils than Gram-negative bacteria and the yeast. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the oil of KLREO were lower than those of SSFEO, indicating that the former possessed slightly stronger antibacterial capability than the latter. The reducing power and lipid peroxidation assays were employed to study the potential antioxidant activities of both oils. Both oils remarkably decreased the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat liver homogenate in a dose dependent manner. The antioxidant activities of KLREO appeared to be more potent than that of SSFEO. The oils of KLREO and SSFEO exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicities and were proved to be toxic to HepG2 cells with IC50 of 147 and 189 μg/ml, respectively.

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Chemical Compositions and Biological Activities of Scutellaria Genus Essential Oils (Lamiaceae)

Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products ◽

10.5812/jjnpp.62279 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Jamal Kasaian ◽

Peiman Alesheikh ◽

Ameneh Mohammadi

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Recent Literature ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Chemical Components ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Hexadecanoic Acid ◽

Current Review ◽

Germacrene D ◽

Medicinal Properties

Context: Essential oils are secondary metabolites with versatile organic structures that, due to their compounds, have useful medicinal properties. There are about 250 species of the genus of Scutellaria perennial flowering plants from the Lamiaceae family. Its application for the treatment of allergy, inflammatory, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, and hepatitis has a long history. Evidence Acquisition: Various studies on the chemical compounds of the Scutellaria genus have identified several ‎compounds, especially essentials oils. The current review is based on the evidence found in Chemical Abstract, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar databases. Results: Many studies on the chemical components of essential oils from the Scutellaria genus have identified several compounds. We summarized the chemical compositions and biological activities of Scutellaria essential oils. Hexadecanoic acid, germacrene D, β-caryophyllene, linalool, β-farnesene, and eugenol are the main compounds in essential oils of this genus. Despite many reports about essential oils of Scutellaria species (more than 38), a large number of species have not been studied yet. Therefore, several studies should be conducted on the chemical compounds and biological activities of unstudied Scutellaria essential oils. Conclusions: This review has summarized reports on the chemistry and biological activities of Scutellaria essential oils,‎ such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifeedant, phytotoxic, and acaricidal toxicities, based on the recent literature.

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Chemical Compositions and Biological Activities of Essential Oils of Beilschmiedia glabra

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1501000740 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Wan Mohd Nuzul Hakimi Wan Salleh ◽

Farediah Ahmad ◽

Khong Heng Yen ◽

Razauden Mohamed Zulkifli

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Strong Activity ◽

Germacrene D ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Weak Activity ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Β Carotene

This study was designed to examine the chemical compositions of essential oils from Beilschmiedia glabra and their antioxidant, antimicrobial, antityrosinase, acetylcholinesterase and anti-inflammatory activities. In total, 47 components were identified in the essential oils, which made up 86.8% and 89.7% of the leaf and bark oils, respectively. The leaf oil is composed mainly of β-eudesmol (15.4%), β-selinene (12.2%), caryophyllene oxide (8.1%) and γ-gurjunene (5.2%), while the bark oil contains high percentages of β-eudesmol (19.3%), β-selinene (16.9%), δ-cadinene (15.8%), germacrene D (9.8%) and β-caryophyllene (5.5%). Antioxidant activity showed that the leaf oil has the highest phenolic content at 233.4 mg GA/g, while the bark oil showed potent activity in the β-carotene/linoleic acid bleaching assay. However, both oils showed weak activity in the DPPH and ABTS assays. For antimicrobial activity, the leaf and bark oils displayed strong activity against Candida glabrata and Saccharomyces cerevisiae with MIC values of 31.3 and 62.5 μg/mL, respectively. Percentage inhibitions against tyrosinase (leaf 73.7%; bark 76.0%) and acetylcholinesterase (leaf 48.1%; bark 45.2%) were tested at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, while anti-inflammatory activity (leaf 59.7%; bark 48.9%) was evaluated at a concentration of 100 μM. Evaluation of these assays indicated moderate levels of activity.

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Essential Oil of Algerian Eryngium campestre: Chemical Variability and Evaluation of Biological Activities

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24142575 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (14) ◽

pp. 2575 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Medbouhi ◽

Benbelaïd ◽

Djabou ◽

Beaufay ◽

Bendahou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Biological Activities ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Strong Activity ◽

Chemical Variability ◽

Main Component

The chemical composition of essential oils extracted from aerial parts of Eryngium campestre collected in 37 localities from Western Algeria was characterized using GC-FID and GC/MS analyses. Altogether, 52 components, which accounted for 70.1 to 86.8% of the total composition oils were identified. The main compounds were Germacrene D (0.4–53.4%), Campestrolide (1.6–35.3%), Germacrene B (0.2–21.5%), Myrcene (0.1–8.4%), α-Cadinol (0.2–7.6%), Spathulenol (0.1–7.6%), Eudesma-4(15)-7-dien-1-β-ol (0.1–7.6%) and τ-Cadinol (0.3–5.5%). The chemical compositions of essential oils obtained from separate organs and during the complete vegetative cycle of the plant were also studied. With the uncommon 17-membered ring lactone named Campestrolide as the main component, Algerian E. campestre essential oils exhibited a remarkable chemical composition. A study of the chemical variability using statistical analysis allowed the discrimination of two main clusters according to the geographical position of samples. The study contributes to the better understanding of the relationship between the plant and its environment. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was assessed against twelve strains bacteria and two yeasts involved in foodborne and nosocomial infections using paper disc diffusion and dilution agar assays. The in vitro study demonstrated a strong activity against Gram-positive strains such as S. aureus, B. cereus, and E. faecalis. The cytotoxicity and antiparasitic activities (on Lmm and Tbb) of the collective essential oil and one sample rich in campestrolide, as well as some enriched fractions or fractions containing other terpenic compounds, were also analyzed. Campestrolide seems to be one compound responsible for the cytotoxic and antileishmanial effect, while myrcene or/and trans-β-farnesene have a more selective antitrypanosomal activity.

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Chemical Compositions, Mosquito Larvicidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Leaf Essential Oils of Eleven Species of Lauraceae from Vietnam

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9050606 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 606 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dao Thi Minh Chau ◽

Nguyen Thanh Chung ◽

Le Thi Huong ◽

Nguyen Huy Hung ◽

Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Larvicidal Activity ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Leaf Essential Oil ◽

Eleven Species

The Lauraceae is a family rich in aromatic and medicinal plants. Likewise, essential oils derived from members of this family have demonstrated a myriad of biological activities. It is hypothesized that members of the Lauraceae from Vietnam will yield essential oils that may be useful in controlling mosquito populations and treating microbial infections. In this work, the leaf essential oils of eleven species of Lauraceae (Beilschmiedia erythrophloia, B. robusta, B. yunnanensis, Cryptocarya concinna, C. impressa, C. infectoria, Litsea viridis, Machilus balansa, M. grandifolia, Neolitsea ellipsoidea, and Phoebe angustifolia) have been obtained by hydrodistillation and the chemical compositions analyzed by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The essential oils were screened for larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, and for antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, and Candida albicans. The leaf essential oil of N. ellipsoidea, rich in (E)-β-ocimene (87.6%), showed excellent larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti with a 24 h LC50 of 6.59 μg/mL. The leaf essential oil of C. infectoria, dominated by germacrene D (55.5%) and bicyclogermacrene (11.4%), exhibited remarkable larvicidal activity against Cx. quinquefasciatus (48 h LC50 = 0.40 μg/mL). N. ellipsoidea leaf essential oil also demonstrated notable antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and B. cereus with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 16 μg/mL, while the leaf essential oil of C. impressa showed excellent anticandidal with an MIC of 16 μg/mL. Leaf essential oils from the Lauraceae should be considered for utilization as alternative agents for controlling mosquito populations and as antimicrobial agents.

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Chemical Compositions, Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities of Melaleuca leucadendron Linn. Leaf Oils from Indonesia

Wood Research Journal ◽

10.51850/wrj.2012.3.1.23-29 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 23-29

Author(s):

Rini Pujiarti ◽

Yoshito Ohtani ◽

Hideaki Ichiura

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Rhizopus Oryzae ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Forest Products ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Plantation Forest ◽

Water Steam ◽

Dpph Method

Melaleuca leucadendron Linn. Oil, also known as Kayu Putih oil, is one of the most important non-timber forest products in Indonesia. This oil has diverse bioactivity, such as insecticidal, antifungal, antibacterial, and antiviral. This study elucidated the chemical compositions and biological activities of M. leucadendron leaf oils from Java, Indonesia in order to evaluate their potency and improve their utilization. Leaf samples of M. leucadendron in this study were collected from plantation forest in Gunung Kidul-Yogyakarta (L1), Gundih-Central Java (L2) and Sukun-East Java (L3), Indonesia in different plant ages of 5 (A1), 10 (A2) and 15 (A3) years-old. Oil samples were distillated by water-steam distillation. Identification of chemical composition of these essential oils was conducted by GC-MS analysis. The in vitro antioxidant activity was examined by 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and antifungal activity was examined using a method by Wang et al. (2005) with slight modification against pathogenic fungi of Fusarium oxysporum, Thanatephorus cucumeris and Rhizopus oryzae. GC-MS investigations of M. leucadendron leaf oils showed 26 compounds have been identified. The result showed 1,8-cineole (44.76% to 60.19%) was the major compound in these oil, followed by α-terpineol (5.93% to 12.45%), D(+)-limonene (4.45% to 8.85%), and β-caryophyllene (3.78% to 7.64%), respectively. The in vitro DPPH assay showed anti-oxidative (IC50: 7.21 to 9.46 mg/ml) properties of M. leucadendron leaf oils. This essential oils also revealed inhibitory effect against F. oxysporum (IC50: 0.01 mg/ml to 0.11 mg/ml), T. cucumeris (IC50: 0.52 mg/ml to 4.20 mg/ml) and R. oryzae (IC50:1.35 mg/ml to 7.61 mg/ml). The antifungal activity showed M. leucadendron leaf oils were effective against fungi of F. oxysporum and T. cucumeris; but it showed less antifungal activity against R. oryzae. This study indicated that the M. leucadendron leaf oils can be used as antioxidant and sustainable eco-friendly bio fungicides.

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