Antagonistic activity of Trichoderma spp. against Scytalidium lignicola CMM 1098 and antioxidant enzymatic activity in cassava

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Aldo Teixeira da Silva ◽  
Erika Valente de Medeiros ◽  
Jéssica Morais da Silva ◽  
Dyana de A. Tenório ◽  
Keila Aparecida Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Scytalidium Lignicola

scholarly journals ​Antagonistic Activity of Panchagavya and Trichoderma spp. against Wilt Complex causing Pathogens of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.V. Parmar ◽  
N.M. Gohel
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Soil Borne Pathogens ◽  
Chickpea Wilt

Background: Chickpea wilt complex caused by several soil-borne pathogens is the major yield-reducing malady worldwide. Biological control is one of the best, low-cost and ecologically sustainable method for managing plant diseases caused by soil-borne pathogens. Methods: In this present investigation Panchagavya and Trichoderma spp. were evaluated by following poisoned food technique and dual culture technique against wilt complex causing pathogens i.e. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri, Fusarium solani and Macrophomina phaseolina. Result: Among the different isolates of Trichoderma spp. evaluated, Trichoderma viride (AAU isolate) was highly antagonistic to F. oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (52.78%) and F. solani (65.37%) whereas, Trichoderma asperellum (AAU isolate) was highly antagonistic to M. phaseolina (65.93%). Panchagavya at the highest concentration (50%) showed significantly higher efficacy (80.74, 66.62 and 49.67%) in inhibiting the mycelial growth of all three pathogens and at the lowest concentration it was moderately effective.

Changes in photosynthetic parameters and antioxidant enzymatic activity of four tea varieties during a cold wave

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
杨再强 YANG Zaiqiang ◽  
韩冬 HAN Dong ◽  
王学林 WANG Xuelin ◽  
金志凤 JIN Zhifeng
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Cold Wave ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymatic Activity

scholarly journals Antagonistic activity of selected fungi of the soil environment of carrot

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patkowska Elżbieta ◽  
Jamiołkowska Agnieszka ◽  
Błażewicz-Woźniak Marzena
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Penicillium Spp

The present studies aim at determining the antagonistic effect of selected fungi species occurring in the soil under carrot cultivation towards Altenaria dauci (J.G. Kühn) J.W. Groves & Skolko, Alternaria radicina Meier, Drechsler & E.D. Eddy, Fusarium oxysporum E.F. Sm & Swingle, Rhizoctonia solani J.G. Kühn and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. The field experiment considered cover crops (oats, tansy phacelia and vetch). The control consisted of traditional carrot cultivation (without cover crops). Statistically, the smallest population of fungi was found in 1 g of soil dry weight after the application of oats, and a slightly bigger – after tansy phacelia and vetch. The largest population of fungi was obtained in the traditional cultivation of carrot. Cover crops contributed to the increase of the population of antagonistic Clonostachys spp., Myrothecium spp., Penicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. in the soil. Regardless of the experimental treatment, those antagonistic fungi were the most effective in limiting the growth of S. sclerotiorum, A. dauci and A. radicina. The effect of those fungi was a little smaller towards F. oxysporum and R. solani. Oats as a cover crop had the best effect on the antagonistic activity of the studied fungi occurring in the soil environment of carrot.

The Impact of Element–Element Interactions on Antioxidant Enzymatic Activity in the Blood of White Stork (Ciconia ciconia) Chicks

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Kamiński ◽  
Nataliya Kurhalyuk ◽  
Mariusz Kasprzak ◽  
Leszek Jerzak ◽  
Halyna Tkachenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
White Stork ◽  
Ciconia Ciconia ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Element Interactions

scholarly journals Elevation of Systemic Defense in Potato Against Alternaria Solani by a Consortium of Compatible Trichoderma Spp.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Ram Chandra ◽  
Lopamudra Behera ◽  
Chetan Keswani ◽  
Estibaliz Sansinenea
Keyword(s):  
Defense Response ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Potato Plants

Abstract The crop loss due to phytopathogens is a serious problem affecting the entire world. To avoid economic losses due to phytopathogens synthetic chemicals have been used for years generating serious concerns about the human health and environment. Today the use of beneficial microorganisms to treat phytopathogens is gaining attention. In this way, Trichoderma spp. has been used for combating plant diseases and inducing defense response in plants. With this idea in mind, in this study we evaluate the effectiveness of Trichoderma viride and T. harzianum as single as well as in combination for elevating the defense response and growth promotion activities in potato challenged with Alternaria solani. The mycelial inhibition of A. solani by T. viride and T. harzianum was recorded and compared with control. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation revealed the collapsed hyphae and sunken conidia of A. solani due to antagonistic activity of T. viride and T. harzianum. Induction of defense enzymes including TPC, PAL, SOD and total protein content was increased in Trichoderma spp, treated plants as compared with pathogen inoculated plants. HPLC analysis demonstrated higher production in phenolic compounds during combined application of Trichoderma spp. treated potato plants in the response of A. solani infection. Moreover, treatment with Trichoderma spp. consortium showed significant growth promotion in potato plants comparing with the control.

scholarly journals Influence of Ascorbic Acid, Gibberellic Acid and Moringa oleifera Extract for Alleviating Salinity Stress by Enhancing Antioxidant Enzymatic Activity and Some Physiological Studies on Two Tomato Cultivars

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-62
Author(s):  
Ibtisam Mohammed Ali Alsudays ◽  
Hameda El Sayed Ahmed El Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Elements ◽  
Tomato Seeds ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Inorganic Mineral ◽  
Harmful Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymatic Activity

This study aimed to explain the influence of Ascorbic acid (ASA), Gibberellic Acid (GA3) and Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract (MLE) for alleviating salinity stress by enhancing antioxidant enzymatic activity as follow: Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate Peroxidase (APX), and Glutathione Reductase (GR); nitrogenous components (proline and total amino acids) and some inorganic mineral nutrient elements in two tomato cultivars, cv. Cobra (resistant) and cv. Newton (sensitive) under salinity stress. Germination tomato seeds after soaking in ASA (0.75 mM); GA3 (0.05 mM) and MLE (5%), transplanted to plastic containers containing a mixture of sand/peat-moss (1:2). The tomato seeds for both cultivars watering using distilled water until the true leaf appearance then irrigated with NaCl salinity concentrations (0.0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mM) alternative with Hoagland nutrient solution. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions with temperature 18oC±1oC (night) & 22oC±2°C (day) and relative humidity varied between 60 - 70%. Overall, the results indicated that the organic and inorganic components in tomato plants for both cultivars increased significantly in the present of ASA, GA3 and MLE under salinity stress respectively compared with control, there by reduces the harmful effects of salinity and increases resistance to salinity stress more than in the absent of ASA, GA3 and MLE. The data provide strong support to the hypothesis that exogenous application of ASA, GA3 and MLE reduced the harmful effects of NaCl concentrations and increases resistance to salinity in cv. Cobra and cv. Newton respectively. The evident recorded a significantly increased the antioxidant enzymes activity, proline, total amino acids and inorganic macro-mineral nutrient elements (N+3, P+3, K+, Ca+2 & Mg+2) and micro-nutrient mineral elements (Mn+2, Fe+3 & B+2) but after soaked the seeds in ASA, GA3 and MLE, these components tended to increase more compared with the control. Whereas, the tomato seeds soaked before planting in ASA, GA3 and MLE which leads to remarkably increasing more for all antioxidant enzymatic activity, nitrogenous components and inorganic mineral nutrient elements contents respectively. The relationship between compatible solutes (osmolytes) here are the strategies that plants have developed to tolerate salt stress and produced new strains adapted to salinity stress.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Trichoderma spp. Isolates by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Region Sequencing Technique and its Use as a Biocontrol Agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
Ziyaul Haque ◽  
Mohammed S. Iqbal ◽  
Ausaf Ahmad ◽  
Mohd S. Khan ◽  
Jyoti Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Sequencing Technique ◽  
Its Region Sequencing

Objective: In the present investigation, Trichoderma spp., isolated from rhizospheric soil, has been identified by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region sequencing technique and its antagonistic activity was evaluated against A. niger. Methods: The sequencing analysis was done with its ITS1 region of the rRNA gene. Using the ITS1 amplified products for all isolated fungi, a bi-directional DNA sequencing was done with high quality bases (>98% - 100%). Antagonistic activity was done using dual culture technique. Results: All of the ITS1 nucleotide sequences obtained in this study matched 97% - 100% with the published sequence of Trichoderma spp. The results confirmed the strains as T. asperellum and T. viride with gene bank accession no. (ZTa); MK937669 and (ZTv); MK503705, respectively. When phylogenetic analysis was done for the isolates, the optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 0.69585023 and 0.10077756 for T. asperellum and T. viride, respectively, was observed. There were a total of 678 and 767 for T. asperellum and T. viride positions in the final dataset, respectively. Antagonistic activity was done for the isolated strains of Trichoderma spp. against A. niger, and it was found that T. asperellum showed maximum antagonistic activity (79.33±7.09%). Conclusion: The findings prolong the genome availability for relative investigations pointing out phenotypic variances to compare with Trichoderma genetic diversity. The present investigation delivered the Bases of future studies for better knowledge in understanding the complicated connections of Trichoderma spp. to be used as an effective biocontrol agent.

scholarly journals Identification and antagonistic activity in vitro of Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma spp. isolates against common phytopathogenic fungi

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Rios-Velsaco ◽  
Janeth Caro-Cisneros ◽  
David Berlanga-Reyes ◽  
Maria Fernanda Ruíz-Cisneros ◽  
José Ornelas-Paz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Penicillium Crustosum ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Muchas enfermedades en cultivos causadas por hongos patógenos representan un problema económico debido a las pérdidas que éstas causan. Del mismo modo microorganismos antagonistas tales como <em>Trichoderma</em> spp. y <em>Bacillus</em> spp., entre otros, han sido usados como agentes de control biológico como una alternativa eficiente para reducir el uso de fungicidas químicos en el control de enfermedades de plantas. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar taxas de microorganismos patógenos y antagonistas basado en sus caracteres moleculares y evaluar la actividad antagónica <em>in vitro</em> de dos aislados de <em>Bacillus</em> y dos aislados de <em>Trichoderma</em> contra cinco hongos patogénicos comunes: <em>Fusarium</em> <em>oxysporum</em>, <em>Botrytis</em> <em>cinerea</em>,<em> Penicillium crustosum</em>,<em> Aspergillus nidulans</em> y <em>Alternaria</em> <em>alternata</em>. Para la identificación molecular, los nueve microorganismos fueron usados para la extracción del ADN genómico y amplificación del gen del ADN ribosomal 18S y del Espaciador Transcrito Interno con los iniciadores ITS  (ITS5 e ITS4) para los hongos y el gen del 16S del ADNr, usando los iniciadores universales EU(F) y EU(R) para bacterias. Ambos aislados de <em>T. asperellum</em> mostraron una actividad antagonista significativa contra los hongos fitopatógenos probados, donde los porcentajes de inhibición del crecimiento radial (PICR) de las colonias de hongos fitopatógenos fluctuó de 43 a 71%, mientras los PICR inducidos por <em>Bacillus</em> fueron significativos, con valores de hasta 69% cuando se probaron <em>in vitro</em> contra <em>B. cinerea</em>, mientras que el efecto más bajo se observó con <em>F. oxysporum</em>, <em>P. crustosum</em> y <em>A. nidulans</em>. Ambas especies de <em>Bacillus</em>, indujeron la presencia de un halo de inhibición, con valores de 5 y 11 mm, cuando se probaron <em>in vitro</em> contra <em>F. oxysporum</em> y <em>B. cinerea</em>, respectivamente. Los efectos antagonistas de los aislados de bacterias y hongos, muestran que estos microorganismos pueden ser usados como agentes de control biológico de varios hongos fitopatógenos de cultivos.

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