Luteolin is a naturally occurring, yellow crystalline flavonoid found in numerous dietary
supplements we frequently have in our meals. Studies in the last 2 decades have revealed its therapeutic
potential to reduce the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) symptoms in various in vitro and in vivo models.
The anti-Alzheimer’s potential of luteolin is attributed to its ability to suppress Aβ as well as tau aggregation
or promote their disaggregation, down-regulate the expression of COX-2, NOS, MMP-9,
TNF-α, interleukins and chemokines, reduce oxidative stress by scavenging ROS, modulate the activities
of transcription factors CREB, cJun, Nrf-1, NF-κB, p38, p53, AP-1 and β-catenine and inhibiting
the activities of various protein kinases. In several systems, luteolin has been described as a potent antioxidant
and anti-inflammatory agent. In addition, we have also discussed about the bio-availability of
the luteolin in the plasma. After being metabolized luteolin persists in plasma as glucuronides and
sulphate-conjugates. Human clinical trials indicated no dose limiting toxicity when administered at a
dose of 100 mg/day. Improvements in the formulations and drug delivery systems may further enhance
the bioavailability and potency of luteolin. The current review describes in detail the data supporting
these studies.
Association of naturally occurring antibodies to β-amyloid with cognitive decline and cerebral amyloidosis in Alzheimer’s disease
