scholarly journals Sexual Health in Spanish People with Intellectual Disability: the Impact of the Lockdown due to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dolores Gil-Llario ◽  
Irene Díaz-Rodríguez ◽  
Vicente Morell-Mengual ◽  
Beatriz Gil-Juliá ◽  
Rafael Ballester-Arnal
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The People ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction The lockdown due to COVID-19 affected the sexual health of the people with intellectual disabilities by differentially modifying the frequency and characteristics of people’s sexual activity depending on whether or not they lived with a partner during this period. The aim of this study was to analyze the extent to which the sexual behavior of people with intellectual disabilities (with and without a partner) was affected during the lockdown. Methods The sample consisted of 73 people with intellectual disabilities between 21 and 63 years old (M = 39.63; SD = 10.11). The variables analyzed were the physical, social, and technological environment during the lockdown, sexual appetite, sexual behavior, online sexual activity, and sexual abuse. The data were collected between the months of May and June of 2020. Results The lockdown increased the sexual appetite of a third of the sample (38%), especially the youngest participants. Sexual activity focused on autoeroticism and online behavior, particularly sending nude images of oneself (88%) and viewing pornography (83.6%). Rates of sexual abuse during this period were relatively high (6.8%). Conclusions The sexual activity of people with ID was important during the lockdown, and they had to adapt to the circumstances of isolation in a similar way to the general population. Technological improvements in terms of devices and connection quality at home allowed their sexual behavior to be reoriented, opening the door to new risks for the sexual health of people with ID. Policy Implications Cybersex and the increase in sexual abuse due to confinement are aspects that should be included in programs to improve the sexual health of this group.

scholarly journals “INSIDE” Project on Sexual Health in Spain: The Impact of the Lockdown Caused by COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ballester-Arnal ◽  
Juan E. Nebot-Garcia ◽  
Estefanía Ruiz-Palomino ◽  
Cristina Giménez-García ◽  
María Dolores Gil-Llario
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Spanish Population ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic is becoming a major hazard to public health worldwide. This is causing a significant impact on life and physical health, as well as on the psychological well-being of the general population. Since the emotional distress and the social restrictions caused by this epidemic, it must be expected that its impact will also extend to sexual health. The purpose of this study, the first including a large sample of the Spanish general population, was to analyze sexual behavior during the 99 days of confinement in Spain (INSIDE Project). Method. 1,448 Spanish people, between 18 and 60 years old, were evaluated through an online survey during April 2020. The variables analyzed were the physical and social environment during confinement, sexual desire, type of sexual activity, masturbation, sexual intercourse, online sexual activity, general sexual frequency, sexual fantasies, degree of self-control over sexual drive, sexual abuse, general impact of confinement on sexuality and emotional mood. Results. Confinement has affected the sexual life of half of the Spanish population (47.7%), especially women. Those who reported a worsening of their sexual life are almost three times more (37.9%) than those who reported an improvement (14.4%). Conclusions. Different factors have been significant predictors of the positive or negative valoration about the impact of this confinement on sexual life, such as gender, couple life, privacy, stress level and the perception of confinement as unbearable. Policy Implications. These results have important implications for the public health and more especially sexual health of the Spanish population.

A systematic review of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with people with intellectual disabilities: an unsafe gap in the literature

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Crompton ◽  
Bethany Duncan ◽  
Graham Simpson-Adkins
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
World Health ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to systematically review the available evidence that explores adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in people with intellectual disabilities (PwID). It is important to systematically review this literature as, to date, there is little known about the number of studies in this area, despite the World Health Organization declaring ACE prevention and support as a global public health priority. Design/methodology/approach Published studies were identified from electronic database searches. Key journals and reference lists were also hand searched. Findings Two studies met the inclusion criteria and the prevalence and frequency of ACEs experienced by participants of these studies analysed. Overall, due to the small number of studies meeting the inclusion criteria, it is difficult to establish any meaningful conclusions. Originality/value This appears to be the first systematic review to try and identify a research base looking at the prevalence of ACEs within a PwID population. Findings suggest that this is a highly neglected area of research, and the authors hope to have identified that further evidence is required to draw clearer conclusions about the impact of ACEs on PwID.

scholarly journals CONOCIMIENTOS, COMPORTAMIENTO Y ACTITUDES SEXUALES EN ADULTOS CON DISCAPACIDAD INTELECTUAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene M. Díaz Rodríguez ◽  
Mª Dolores Gil Llario ◽  
Rafael Ballester Arnal ◽  
Vicente Morell Mengual ◽  
Rosa J. Molero Mañes
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Safe Sex ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Discapacidad Intelectual

Abstract:KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN ADULTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIESThis paper conducts an exploratory study whose overall objective is to analyze sexual behavior, level of knowledge and attitudes about safe sex practices in a sample of people with intellectual disabilities to prevent sexual violence against this group. The sample is composed of 78 people (39 men and 39 women) with a mild or moderate intellectual disability. The results obtained through a structured interview indicate that the level of knowledge about sexual practices highlights that 73.1% had sexual intercourse, 87.4% had knowledge of the different types of contraceptive methods and 56.3% trust the professionals and educators to address sexuality issues. These results underscore the importance of tailoring affective-sexual educations programs for this group.Keywords: Intellectual disabilities, safe sex, relationships, sexual abuse.Resumen:En este trabajo se lleva a cabo un estudio exploratorio cuyo objetivo general es analizar el comportamiento sexual, y el nivel de conocimientos y actitudes relativas a las prácticas de sexo seguro en una muestra de personas con discapacidad intelectual para prevenir la violencia sexual hacia este colectivo. La muestra está compuesta por 78 personas (39 hombres y 39 mujeres) con discapacidad intelectual leve o moderada. Los resultados obtenidos mediante una entrevista estructurada indican que en el nivel de conocimientos sobre prácticas sexuales destaca que el 73.1% había mantenido relaciones sexuales, el 87.4% conocían los diferentes tipos de métodos anticonceptivos y el 56.3% confiaba en los profesionales y educadores para tratar temas relativos a la sexualidad. Estos resultados subrayan la necesidad de desarrollar programas de educación afectiva-sexual adecuados a este colectivo.Palabras clave: Discapacidad Intelectual, prácticas de sexo seguro, relaciones de pareja, abuso sexual.

Emancipatoir organisatieonderzoek naar de invoering van een cliëntvolgsysteem

KWALON ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Timmermans ◽  
Annemiek Stoopendaal
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Organizational Change ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Building Trust ◽  
The People ◽  
Change In Practice ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Emancipatory qualitative research into an organizational change from the perspective of clients with intellectual disabilities and their attending professionals Emancipatory qualitative research into an organizational change from the perspective of clients with intellectual disabilities and their attending professionals This emancipatory research studied the effects of an organizational change in an institute for people with intellectual disabilities both from the perspective of clients and of their attending professionals. Data was collected through observations followed by interviews. First, professionals were interviewed to obtain an image of the organizational change in practice. Then, the clients were observed and interviewed. The sequencing of these methods enabled the interviews with the people with intellectual disabilities by building trust and by using concrete examples that came to the fore during the observations.

Care and rehabilitation institutions for people with intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic: Polish experiences

2021 ◽  
pp. 002087282110604
Author(s):  
Monika Parchomiuk
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
The People ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Residential Rehabilitation

People with intellectual disabilities benefit from many forms of institutional support, which include residential, rehabilitation, and educational services. Changes caused by the pandemic, especially the introduction of new rules relating to various aspects of life, raised several challenges and problems in the functioning of these institutions and for the people with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research concerned facilities providing services for people with intellectual disabilities in Poland during the pandemic. The research goal was to determine what changes took place in the rehabilitation and care institutions during the pandemic in terms of their organization and the functioning of their clients and personnel. An online questionnaire was used. The respondents were institution employees. Data showed a number of preventive, educational, and supportive activities carried out by the institutions. Adverse changes in the psychosocial functioning of people with intellectual disabilities and other problems during the pandemic were reported.

Huronia's Double Bind: How Institutionalisation Bears Out on the Body

Somatechnics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-111
Author(s):  
Jen Rinaldi ◽  
Kate Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
The Body ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Double Bind ◽  
Total Institution ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Gendered Bodies ◽  
The Impact

Frequently missing from histories of forced institutionalisation are close readings of the enduring impact on survivors' corporeality. In this article the authors analyse interview data featuring people who survived the Huronia Regional Centre: a total institution designed to warehouse people with intellectual disabilities that operated in Canada from 1876 to 2009. These interviews reveal the impact of institutional technologies on the bodies of the institutionalised, and how institutional survivors resisted those technologies. Institutional rituals meant to organise and cleanse residents, resulted in the reification of institutional subjects as inescapably contaminated. Drawing from Mary Douglas's theory of dirt and Julia Kristeva's interpretation of dirt as abjection, the authors engage with interview data on daily institutional care routines, particularly dressing, eating, showering, and the administration of medication, to show how these rituals produced for the institutionalised subject meanings around gender and disability as markers of defilement. The authors argue that the kinds of deeply oppressive and often violent rituals central to lived experiences of institutionalisation are grounded in the assumption that disabled gendered bodies are already-abject, hence the institutional demand for the institutionalised to be brought under control.

Assessment

2018 ◽  
pp. 79-112
Author(s):  
Owen Barr ◽  
Bob Gates
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Nursing Interventions ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Nursing Assessment ◽  
The People ◽  
Social Abilities ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Pain Distress

It is a professional requirement of nursing regulators such as the Nursing and Midwifery Council and the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Ireland that all nursing interventions should be based upon, and underpinned by, an accurate and structured nursing assessment of a person’s physical, mental, and social abilities and needs. Nurses need to have an understanding of how to assess changes in a person’s physical and mental health, including their level of pain, distress, and ability to make informed decisions, and how this may fluctuate in different settings and across the lifespan. They also need to be alert to the risks of diagnostic overshadowing when undertaking assessments, from which they will plan nursing care in collaboration with the people with intellectual disabilities and their carer/carers.

scholarly journals Tolerance and inclusive competence as the main components of an inclusive culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 10006
Author(s):  
Tatyana Lisovskaya ◽  
Tatyana Zhuk
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Disabled Children ◽  
Intellectually Disabled ◽  
Social Rehabilitation ◽  
The People ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Main Components

The article raises the problems of the formation of an inclusive culture of teachers working with intellectually disabled children in centers of social and professional rehabilitation for the people with special psychophysical development needs (hereinafter referred to as the SPDN). Two components of an inclusive culture are presented: tolerance and inclusive competence. The mechanism of professional and social rehabilitation of people with intellectual disabilities is shown on the example of Brest region of the Republic of Belarus.

“When other people try to understand”: exploring the experiences of people with intellectual disabilities, who also have mental health problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-101
Author(s):  
Sasha Martine Mattock ◽  
Kieron Beard ◽  
Amy Baddeley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The People ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Purpose Recent guidelines from the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence highlight that service users (SUs) with intellectual disabilities and co-occurring mental health problems rarely get the opportunity to share their experiences of mental health services. Over the past 20 years, policy documents have stated that these individuals (SUs) must be included in decisions about their care. Research suggests that often this is not the case. Therefore, this paper aims to create a space for SUs to share their experiences of mental health services, and what they found helpful. Design/methodology/approach A focus group was held with five SUs, two psychologists and two researchers. The audio recording of the discussion was transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Findings Three main themes were identified, namely, “relationships with others”, “inclusion and communication” and “challenges”. This focus group highlighted that although some SUs felt supported, they reported having little control in their lives and wanted to be listened to. Research limitations/implications Including a SU in the planning and facilitation of the focus group would have made this research more inclusive. Practical implications The implications of this research suggest that by listening to and involving SUs and developing more person-centred services, recovery rates may increase as the services provided would be more targeted. Originality/value Very little research has previously been conducted to explore SUs’ experiences. This paper highlights the value of being heard and the knowledge that is often lost if the authors do not take the time to listen to the people for whom a service is designed.

scholarly journals The Design, Content and Delivery of Relationship and Sexuality Education Programmes for People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review of the International Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7568
Author(s):  
Michael Brown ◽  
Edward McCann ◽  
Maria Truesdale ◽  
Mark Linden ◽  
Lynne Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Sexuality Education ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Quality Appraisal ◽  
Programme Development ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Adults With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

There is growing empirical evidence regarding the relationship and sexuality experiences and needs of children, young people and adults with intellectual disabilities. A total of twelve papers met the inclusion criteria regarding relationship and sexuality education (RSE) programmes specific to the needs of this population. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed and quality appraisal undertaken. The four themes identified were principles informing RSE programme development, design and content of RSE programmes, delivery of RSE programmes and evaluation of RSE programmes. The discussion presents areas that need to be addressed to ensure that people with intellectual disabilities, their families, carers and professionals are fully involved in the design and delivery of RSE programmes. Further research is required to identify the impact of the programmes and the sustained outcomes achieved. Recommendations are made regarding the activities required to enable the development of evidence-based and person-centred approaches to relationship and sexuality programmes.

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