scholarly journals CONOCIMIENTOS, COMPORTAMIENTO Y ACTITUDES SEXUALES EN ADULTOS CON DISCAPACIDAD INTELECTUAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene M. Díaz Rodríguez ◽  
Mª Dolores Gil Llario ◽  
Rafael Ballester Arnal ◽  
Vicente Morell Mengual ◽  
Rosa J. Molero Mañes
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Safe Sex ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Discapacidad Intelectual

Abstract:KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN ADULTS WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIESThis paper conducts an exploratory study whose overall objective is to analyze sexual behavior, level of knowledge and attitudes about safe sex practices in a sample of people with intellectual disabilities to prevent sexual violence against this group. The sample is composed of 78 people (39 men and 39 women) with a mild or moderate intellectual disability. The results obtained through a structured interview indicate that the level of knowledge about sexual practices highlights that 73.1% had sexual intercourse, 87.4% had knowledge of the different types of contraceptive methods and 56.3% trust the professionals and educators to address sexuality issues. These results underscore the importance of tailoring affective-sexual educations programs for this group.Keywords: Intellectual disabilities, safe sex, relationships, sexual abuse.Resumen:En este trabajo se lleva a cabo un estudio exploratorio cuyo objetivo general es analizar el comportamiento sexual, y el nivel de conocimientos y actitudes relativas a las prácticas de sexo seguro en una muestra de personas con discapacidad intelectual para prevenir la violencia sexual hacia este colectivo. La muestra está compuesta por 78 personas (39 hombres y 39 mujeres) con discapacidad intelectual leve o moderada. Los resultados obtenidos mediante una entrevista estructurada indican que en el nivel de conocimientos sobre prácticas sexuales destaca que el 73.1% había mantenido relaciones sexuales, el 87.4% conocían los diferentes tipos de métodos anticonceptivos y el 56.3% confiaba en los profesionales y educadores para tratar temas relativos a la sexualidad. Estos resultados subrayan la necesidad de desarrollar programas de educación afectiva-sexual adecuados a este colectivo.Palabras clave: Discapacidad Intelectual, prácticas de sexo seguro, relaciones de pareja, abuso sexual.

scholarly journals Sexual Health in Spanish People with Intellectual Disability: the Impact of the Lockdown due to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dolores Gil-Llario ◽  
Irene Díaz-Rodríguez ◽  
Vicente Morell-Mengual ◽  
Beatriz Gil-Juliá ◽  
Rafael Ballester-Arnal
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Health ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The People ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction The lockdown due to COVID-19 affected the sexual health of the people with intellectual disabilities by differentially modifying the frequency and characteristics of people’s sexual activity depending on whether or not they lived with a partner during this period. The aim of this study was to analyze the extent to which the sexual behavior of people with intellectual disabilities (with and without a partner) was affected during the lockdown. Methods The sample consisted of 73 people with intellectual disabilities between 21 and 63 years old (M = 39.63; SD = 10.11). The variables analyzed were the physical, social, and technological environment during the lockdown, sexual appetite, sexual behavior, online sexual activity, and sexual abuse. The data were collected between the months of May and June of 2020. Results The lockdown increased the sexual appetite of a third of the sample (38%), especially the youngest participants. Sexual activity focused on autoeroticism and online behavior, particularly sending nude images of oneself (88%) and viewing pornography (83.6%). Rates of sexual abuse during this period were relatively high (6.8%). Conclusions The sexual activity of people with ID was important during the lockdown, and they had to adapt to the circumstances of isolation in a similar way to the general population. Technological improvements in terms of devices and connection quality at home allowed their sexual behavior to be reoriented, opening the door to new risks for the sexual health of people with ID. Policy Implications Cybersex and the increase in sexual abuse due to confinement are aspects that should be included in programs to improve the sexual health of this group.

scholarly journals Stress factors in persons with intellectual disabilities in different types of housing

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 221-228
Author(s):  
Daniela Tamas ◽  
Nina Brkic-Jovanovic ◽  
Danica Vasiljevic
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Supported Housing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Housing Program ◽  
Different Types ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Introduction. Type of housing is of great importance for the overall quality of life and general psychosocial well-being of persons with intellectual disabilities, as evidenced by the results of numerous studies showing that people with intellectual disabilities living in institutions have a lower level of life satisfaction compared to those living in the open community. Material and Methods. In order to determine the levels of experienced stress related to the type of housing in people with intellectual disabilities, we carried out a study including 122 persons with intellectual disabilities living in different types of housing; in institutions (n = 51), with families (n = 38), and in the supported housing program (n = 33). The Life Stress Inventory was used for the purpose of this research. Results. The results showed that people who were included in the supported housing program experienced the least stress, compared to the subjects who lived with their families or in institutions (p < 0.001). Stress was the least prevalent in the supported housing program, but the other two groups had similar results. The presence of stress did not differ significantly between subjects living with their families and those living in institutions. Conclusion. We can conclude that subjects living in supported housing experienced significantly less stress compared to the other two groups. Different types of housing were associated with different levels of stress. Overall, negative interpersonal relationship was identified as the stress factor that correlated most significantly with other stress factors.

PEOPLE WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY COMPARED TO OTHER TYPES OF DISABILITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 571 (10) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Zakrzewska-Manterys
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Public Support ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Disability is a wide concept, encompassing different types of disability, different capabilities of people with disabilities and different social support needs. People with intellectual disabilities belong to a specific group. They do not fit into the mainstream of support and activation measures for disabled people. Although they are a small group (about 1%), they require care which is not provided within the current social policy towards people with disabilities. The article provides examples of public activities unfavourable and favourable for the well-being of people with intellectual disabilities. This could be a starting point for a preparation of a policy project of accurate public support for this group of people

scholarly journals Efectos de una formación inclusiva para la prevención del ahogamiento en personas con discapacidad intelectual (Effects of inclusive training for the prevention of drowning in people with intellectual disabilities)

Retos ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Ismael Sanz-Arribas ◽  
Mª Teresa Calle-Molina ◽  
Vicente Martínez-de-Haro
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Minimal Risk ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Discapacidad Intelectual

10 personas con discapacidad intelectual (cinco mujeres y cinco hombres) han sido seleccionadas para este estudio. El primer objetivo de esta investigación es demostrar que las personas con discapacidad intelectual carecen de la formación y los recursos necesarios para prevenir el ahogamiento. El segundo objetivo consiste en demostrar que esta población puede adquirir las competencias necesarias para resolver el ahogamiento de otra persona con un riesgo mínimo. Para ello, se valoró el comportamiento de estas personas al presenciar un ahogamiento en tres momentos diferentes (antes de recibir formación, inmediatamente después de recibir formación y por último, cinco meses después de recibir formación). La formación impartida ha consistido en dos sesiones teórico-prácticas desarrolladas en una piscina. En estas sesiones se ha destacado la necesidad de avisar al socorrista siempre que se presencie un ahogamiento. También se ha enseñado una secuencia de rescate con aro salvavidas, para que en el caso de que el socorrista no esté presente, estas personas puedan resolver el ahogamiento con un riesgo mínimo. Los datos han sido recogidos con una hoja de observación que valora la seguridad y el nivel de competencia del rescatador. Los resultados demuestran que antes de recibir la formación, la población estudiada no actuó correctamente cuando presenció un ahogamiento. También se concluye que los participantes fueron capaces de aprender una secuencia de rescate acuático en la que el riesgo del rescatador fue mínimo. En definitiva, se recomienda que las personas con discapacidad intelectual no queden excluidas de la posibilidad de adquirir estas competencias. Abstract. 10 people with intellectual disabilities (five women and five men) have been selected for this study. The first objective of this research is to demonstrate that people with intellectual disabilities do not have the training and resources necessary to prevent drowning. The second objective is to demonstrate that this population can acquire the necessary skills to solve the drowning of another person with minimal risk. To achieve these objectives, the behavior of the sample has been observed when the participants were watching a drowning at three different times (before receiving training, after receiving training, and five months after receiving training). The training consisted in two theoretical-practical sessions developed in a pool. In these sessions, the importance of alerting lifeguards whenever there is a drowning has been highlighted. Also, a rescue sequence with ring buoy has been taught so for these people to be able to rescue others from drowning with minimal risk in case a lifeguard is not present. Data were collected with an observation sheet assessing rescuers’ safety and level of competence. The results demonstrate that before receiving training, the studied population was not able to perform correctly when a drowning was observed. In conclusion, participants were able to learn an aquatic rescue sequence in which the risk for the rescuer was minimal. In short, we recommend that people with intellectual disabilities should not be excluded from the possibility of acquiring these skills.

scholarly journals HABILIDADES DE COMUNICACIÓN Y CONDUCTA PROBLEMÁTICA EN USUARIOS DE UNA VIVENDA TUTELADA PARA PERSONAS CON DISCAPACIDAD INTELECTUAL

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Mª del Mar Molero Jurado ◽  
Mª Jesús Osorio Cámara ◽  
Mª del Carmen Pérez Fuentes ◽  
José Jesús Gázquez Linares
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Verbal Behavior ◽  
Tracking Control ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Sheltered Housing ◽  
Problematic Behavior ◽  
Control Rules ◽  
Social Abilities ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Discapacidad Intelectual

Abstract:COMMUNICATION ABILITIES AND PROBLEMATIC BEHAVIOR IN A SUPERVISED HOUSING FOR PEOPLE WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIESToday, new approaches to care for people with intellectual disabilities proceed an intervention based on the autonomy and social integration of person. In this line, to emerge resources such as sheltered housing, or small groups of coexistence in the community. The objective of the present study is evaluated social abilities and the problematic behavior, in a group of users of a home mentored for people with intellectual disabilities, from appraisement of the professionals who attend them. Was counted with the collaboration of three educators, who observed and recorded the verbal/non-verbal behavior and problematic behavior, six users of supervised housing. For this purpose, specific observation protocols were used and applied a scale of assessment of climate and center functioning. The results obtained, showed more disagreement among observers for non-verbal behaviors register, to verbal behavior. In problem behavior assessment, educators agree how more worrying use of threats by users, although they positively value of user´s tracking control rules. The heterogeneity that characterizes this group, supports the need to develop specific intervention programs, where will attend user’s characteristics, educator’s competence and resource design.Keywords: Communication abilities, problematic behavior, supervised housing, intellectual disabilities.Resumen:En la actualidad, los nuevos enfoques de atención a personas con discapacidad intelectual, pasan por una intervención basada en la autonomía e integración social del individuo. En esta línea, surgen recursos como las viviendas tuteladas, o pequeños grupos de convivencia integrados en la comunidad. El objetivo del presente trabajo es evaluar las habilidades sociales y la conducta problemática, en un grupo de usuarios de una vivienda tutelada para personas con discapacidad intelectual, a partir de las valoraciones de los profesionales que los atienden. Se contó con la colaboración de tres educadores que observaron y registraron la conducta verbal/ no verbal y la conducta problemática, de seis usuarios de una vivienda tutelada. Para ello, se utilizaron protocolos específicos de observación y se aplicó una escala de valoración del clima y funcionamiento del centro. Los resultados obtenidos, mostraron un mayor grado de desacuerdo entre los observadores para el registro de conductas no verbales, que para la conducta verbal. En la valoración de la conducta problemática, los educadores coinciden en señalar como más preocupante el uso de amenazas por parte de los usuarios, aunque valoran positivamente el grado de control sobre el seguimiento de instrucciones. La heterogeneidad que caracteriza a este colectivo, apoya la necesidad de desarrollar programas específicos de intervención, donde se atienda a las características de los usuarios, las competencias de los educadores y el propio diseño del recurso.Palabras clave: Habilidades de comunicación, conducta problemática, vivienda tutelada, discapacidad intelectual.

scholarly journals Experiences and Attitudes of Young People and Seniors in Relation to to People with Intellectual Disabilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Zdeňka Kozáková
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Mentally Impaired ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Given

<em>The contribution represents the selected summary of the results of research carried out through a questionnaire-based survey and a structured interview, the goal of which was to ascertain the experiences and attitudes of young people and seniorsin relation to mentally impaired individuals and define the spheres to which increased attention should be paid in the future. The examined group comprised 160 respondents. The contribution is introduced by information on the given issue and the definition of the basic terminology in relation to the examined sphere. Subsequently, it presents the methodological outcomes of the research and deals with specific results of the research and discussions. At the end, it summarizes the research conclusions in the context of various points of view of the current state of knowledge in theory and its application in practise. </em>

scholarly journals Evaluación de las pruebas motrices relacionadas con el lanzamiento en deportistas con discapacidad intelectual (Evaluation of the motor shooting tests in athletes with intellectual disabilities)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Jorge Abellán Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Accuracy Test ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Successful Group ◽  
Motor Tests ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Discapacidad Intelectual ◽  
Different Levels

Las características de las personas con discapacidad intelectual incluyen un bajo desarrollo de las habilidades y destrezas básicas y de la coordinación. Sin embargo apenas existen estudios que se centren en investigar su desarrollo o a comparar diferentes niveles o grupos de prácticas en pruebas relacionadas con el deporte. El objetivo principal de esta investigación ha sido estudiar el rendimiento de deportistas con discapacidad intelectual en tres pruebas motrices. Además se compararon los resultados en base a dos grupos de análisis creados en función de su rendimiento en el lanzamiento a portería. Los resultados muestran que los participantes exitosos en el lanzamiento a portería también obtienen mejores resultados en el lanzamiento de precisión y en el total de las pruebas evaluadas. Parece que los participantes exitosos tienen un desarrollo integral de la habilidad de lanzar y son capaces de demostrarla en diferentes situaciones. Palabras clave: pruebas motrices, deporte adaptado, discapacidad intelectual.Abstract: People with intellectual disabilities present a low development of their coordination skills. However there are not many studies focused in its development or in compare different levels or groups of practice in specific sport tests. The main objective of this paper is to study the performance of athletes with intellectual disabilities in three different motor tests. Also results in base of two different groups (successful and less successful in the shooting test) were compared. Results showed that the successful group in the shooting test obtained better results in the accuracy test and the total score too. It seems that successful group had a total development of the shooting skill and they are able to show it in different situations.Key words: motor tests, adapted sport, intellectual disabilities.

scholarly journals Más allá de la palabra escrita. La utilización de recursos visuales como estrategia metodológica en ciencias sociales y de la educación / Beyond the text. Using visual resources as a methodological strategy in education and social sciences

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Moisés Esteban-Guirart ◽  
María Pallisera ◽  
Judit Fullana ◽  
Mariona Gifre
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Foreign Origin ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Discapacidad Intelectual ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Methodological Strategy

RESUMENTradicionalmente, la transcripción de entrevistas, ya sea individuales o grupales, constituye, con frecuencia, el material empírico básico para llevar a cabo estudios cualitativos en ciencias sociales y de la educación. Sin embargo, la utilización de estrategias visuales (dibujos, fotografías, videos) se ha convertido en las últimas décadas en un recurso metodológico especialmente sensible y adecuado para aquellas personas que, por distintas razones, no tienen un nivel lingüístico o comunicativo desarrollado. Este es el caso, por ejemplo, de niños y niñas, personas de origen extranjero con poca competencia en la lengua de la sociedad de destino o de algunas personas con discapacidad intelectual. El objetivo de este artículo es describir e ilustrar la utilización metodológica de recursos visuales, así como discutir sus posibilidades, a partir de ejemplos de su uso desarrollados en tres investigaciones socioeducativas.  ABSTRACTTraditionally, the transcription of interviews, either individual or group, has become the basic empirical material to conduct qualitative studies in social sciences and education. However, in the last few decades, the use of visual strategies (drawings, photographs, videos) has become a methodological resource, particularly sensitive and suitable for those people who do not have a level or communicative language developed for whatever reason. This is the case of children, people of foreign origin with less competence with the language of the society of destination or people with intellectual disabilities, for example. The objective of this article is to describe and illustrate the use of methodological visual resources within the framework of three research projects. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the use of these strategies through experience with the projects that are described and illustrated in this article.

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