scholarly journals Ternary liquid–liquid equilibrium data for n-Hexane-Benzene-DES (choline chloride/ethylene glycol, choline chloride/glycerol, choline chloride/urea) at 303 K and 101.3 kPa

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Mohammed Awwalu Usman ◽  
Olumide Kayode Fagoroye ◽  
Toluwalase Olufunmilayo Ajayi ◽  
Abiola John Kehinde
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor ◽  
Separation Factors ◽  
Lle Data

Abstract In this study, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were prepared using choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and ethylene glycol (EG) or glycerol (GLY) or urea (U) as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and were evaluated as solvents in the extraction of benzene from n-hexane. Six of such solvents were prepared using different molar ratios of HBA: HBD and code named DES1, DES2, DES3, DES4, DES5 and DES6. Liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) data for the ternary systems of n-hexane-benzene-DESs were measured at 303 K and 101.3 kPa. Solubility data and mutual solubilities between n-hexane and DES were measured using the traditional cloud point method. The tie lines were obtained using titration and refractive index measurements on both phases (n-hexane phase and DES-phases). The ternary systems exhibit type-1 phase behavior. The Othmer-Tobias and Hands equations were applied to examine the reliability of the LLE data. The tie-line data were correlated using the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) and universal quasichemical (UNIQUAC) thermodynamic models, and their corresponding binary interaction parameters were determined. The results show that the maximum separation factors were 31.24, 462.00, 15.24, 37.83, 174.60 and 126.00 for DES1, DES2, DES3, DES4, DES5 and DES6, respectively. The glycerol based DES (DES2 and DES5) show the highest separation factors and thus considered the most suitable for separating benzene from hexane. The regression coefficient for both Othmer-Tobias and Hand equations are higher than 0.99 for all DESs, indicating the reliability and consistency of the data. Both NRTL and UNIQUAC models adequately capture the experimental data.

scholarly journals Review on Carbon Dioxide Absorption by Choline Chloride/Urea Deep Eutectic Solvents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima J. Isaifan ◽  
Abdukarem Amhamed
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Absorption ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor

In the recent past few years, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were developed sharing similar characteristics to ionic liquids but with more advantageous features related to preparation cost, environmental impact, and efficiency for gas separation processes. Amongst many combinations of DES solvents that have been prepared, reline (choline chloride as the hydrogen bond acceptor mixed with urea as the hydrogen bond donor) was the first DES synthesized and is still the one with the lowest melting point. Choline chloride/urea DES has proven to be a promising solvent as an efficient medium for carbon dioxide capture when compared with amine alone or ionic liquids under the same conditions. This review sheds light on the preparation method, physical and chemical characteristics, and the CO2 absorption capacity of choline chloride/urea DES under different temperatures and pressures reported up to date.

scholarly journals Amino Acid-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents in Biomass Processing - Recent Advances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Gomes ◽  
Renan Mattioli ◽  
Julio Cezar Pastre
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Chemical Conversion ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor ◽  
Platform Chemicals ◽  
Biomass Processing ◽  
Solvent Systems

The use of non-conventional solvent systems, such as deep eutectic solvents (DES), for biomass processing is a growing interest. DES are formed by two or more components, usually solids at room temperature, which can interact with each other via hydrogen bonding, from a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and a hydrogen bond donor (HBD), resulting in a liquid phase. The most studied HBA in the literature is choline chloride with several HBD and their use have been extensively reviewed. However, other abundant and natural HBA can be successfully applied on the preparation of different DES, e.g., amino acids. These amino acid-based DES have been used in biomass pretreatment, providing the fractionation of the main macromolecular components by lignin solubilization. In addition, amino acid-based DES can be applied in biomass chemical conversion to obtaining platform chemicals such as furanic derivatives. Bearing this in mind, this review focuses on exploring the use of amino acid-based DES on biomass processing, from pretreatment to chemical conversion.

Deacidification of Crude Rice Bran Oil (CRBO) to Remove FFA and Preserve γ-Oryzanol Using Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES)

2019 ◽  
Vol 964 ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Zullaikah ◽  
Nizar Dwi Wibowo ◽  
I Made Gede Eris Dwi Wahyudi ◽  
M. Rachimoellah
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor ◽  
C 50

High content of free fatty acids (FFA) in crude rice bran oil (CRBO) needs to be separated through deacidification. Generally, deacidification process that is widely used are chemical and physical processes which causes the loss of bioactive compounds (γ-oryzanol) and un-environmentally friendly. The liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) using deep eutectic solvents (DES) to remove FFA and preserve g-oryzanol would be implemented in this study. DES with different hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) with certain molar ratio such as Choline Chloride (ChCl)-Ethylene glycol 1:2 (DES I), ChCl-Glycerol 1:1 (DES II), ChCl-Urea 1:2 (DES III), ChCl-Oxalic acid 1:2 (DES IV), and Betaine Monohydrate-Glycerol 1:8 (NADES) were used as solvent to extract FFA from dewaxed/degummed RBO (DDRBO) for certain extraction time (30, 60, 120, 180, and 240 min) and extraction temperature (30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, and 70°C) under stirring (200 rpm). Deacidification using DES I for 240 min. and temperature of 50 °C was the optimum solvent to remove FFA (19.03 ± 2.33 %) and preserve g-oryzanol (recovery of g-oryzanol was 51.30 ± 1.77 %). The results also revealed that the longer time of extraction would be increased removal of FFA and decreased recovery of g-oryzanol. The higher temperature of extraction would be increased removal of FFA. In this work, temperature of 50 °C was the best extraction temperature of FFA since DES has highest solubility at this temperature.

scholarly journals Carbon Capture from Biogas by Deep Eutectic Solvents: A COSMO Study to Evaluate the Effect of Impurities on Solubility and Selectivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 490-502
Author(s):  
Thomas Quaid ◽  
M. Toufiq Reza
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Infinite Dilution ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Decanoic Acid ◽  
Co2 Solubility ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor

Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are compounds of a hydrogen bond donor (HBD) and a hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) that contain a depressed melting point compared to their individual constituents. DES have been studied for their use as carbon capture media and biogas upgrading. However, contaminants’ presence in biogas might affect the carbon capture by DES. In this study, conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) was used to determine the effect of temperature, pressure, and selective contaminants on five DES’ namely, choline chloride-urea, choline chloride-ethylene glycol, tetra butyl ammonium chloride-ethylene glycol, tetra butyl ammonium bromide-decanoic acid, and tetra octyl ammonium chloride-decanoic acid. Impurities studied in this paper are hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, water, nitrogen, octamethyltrisiloxane, and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane. At infinite dilution, CO2 solubility dependence upon temperature in each DES was examined by means of Henry’s Law constants. Next, the systems were modeled from infinite dilution to equilibrium using the modified Raoults’ Law, where CO2 solubility dependence upon pressure was examined. Finally, solubility of CO2 and CH4 in the various DES were explored with the presence of varying mole percent of selective contaminants. Among the parameters studied, it was found that the HBD of the solvent is the most determinant factor for the effectiveness of CO2 solubility. Other factors affecting the solubility are alkyl chain length of the HBA, the associated halogen, and the resulting polarity of the DES. It was also found that choline chloride-urea is the most selective to CO2, but has the lowest CO2 solubility, and is the most polar among other solvents. On the other hand, tetraoctylammonium chloride-decanoic acid is the least selective, has the highest maximum CO2 solubility, is the least polar, and is the least affected by its environment.

scholarly journals Deep eutectic solvent pretreatment for enhancing biochemical conversion of switchgrass

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Maryam Al Ameri
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Green Solvent ◽  
Biomass Recalcitrance ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor

In this study, green solvent-based pretreatment was developed for improving the conversion of switchgrass to acetoin. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), comprising choline chloride (ChCl) as a hydrogen-bond acceptor (HBA) and various chemical as a hydrogen-bond donor (HBD), were used to pretreat switchgrass. Different HBD groups, including polyalcohol, amid, diazole, and carboxylic acid, were used to synthesize DESs. The DESs using ChCl-formic acid and ChCl-lactic acid-acetic acid showed excellent performance in enhancing switchgrass digestibility. The obtained hydrolysate was successfully detoxified by using overliming detoxification, which was further used for acetoin fermentation by Bacillus licheniformis (NRRL B-642). The yield and titer of the produced acetoin were 0.377 g/g and 19.6 g/L, respectively. Our research demonstrates that DES pretreatment is an effective method for reducing biomass recalcitrance and improving the conversion of biomass into chemicals.

scholarly journals Effect of Hydrogen Bond Donors and Acceptors on CO2 Absorption by Deep Eutectic Solvents

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1533
Author(s):  
Tausif Altamash ◽  
Abdulkarem Amhamed ◽  
Santiago Aparicio ◽  
Mert Atilhan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Gas Absorption ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Absorption ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Absorption Performance

The effects of a hydrogen bond acceptor and hydrogen bond donor on carbon dioxide absorption via natural deep eutectic solvents were studied in this work. Naturally occurring non-toxic deep eutectic solvent constituents were considered; choline chloride, b-alanine, and betaine were selected as hydrogen bond acceptors; lactic acid, malic acid, and fructose were selected as hydrogen bond donors. Experimental gas absorption data were collected via experimental methods that uses gravimetric principles. Carbon dioxide capture data for an isolated hydrogen bond donor and hydrogen bond acceptor, as well as natural deep eutectic solvents, were collected. In addition to experimental data, a theoretical study using Density Functional Theory was carried out to analyze the properties of these fluids from the nanoscopic viewpoint and their relationship with the macroscopic behavior of the system, and its ability for carbon dioxide absorption. The combined experimental and theoretical reported approach work leads to valuable discussions on what is the effect of each hydrogen bond donor or acceptor, as well as how they influence the strength and stability of the carbon dioxide absorption in deep eutectic solvents. Theoretical calculations explained the experimental findings, and combined results showed the superiority of the hydrogen bond acceptor role in the gas absorption process, with deep eutectic solvents. Specifically, the cases in which choline chloride was used as hydrogen bond acceptor showed the highest absorption performance. Furthermore, it was observed that when malic acid was used as a hydrogen bond donor, it led to low carbon dioxide solubility performance in comparison to other studied deep eutectic solvents. The cases in which lactic acid was used as a hydrogen bond donor showed great absorption performance. In light of this work, more targeted, specific, deep eutectic solvents can be designed for effective and alternative carbon dioxide capture and management.

scholarly journals A brief review on eutectic mixture and its role in pharmaceutical field

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3017-3023
Author(s):  
Balakrishnan I ◽  
Jawahar N ◽  
Senthil Venkatachalam ◽  
Debosmita Datta
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent

Eutectic mixture (EM) is as a mixture of more than one substance that does not interact individually to create a new entity but in a particular ratio that exhibits a lower range of melting point than it had in individual. EM should be formulated in such a way that it should have major advantages in pharmaceutical industries. EM can be a mixture of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), or different ratios of APIs and excipients, or various excipients. Deep eutectic solvents containing APIs (API-DES) considered as an innovative approach to form different APIs in the liquid state. This new approach of liquid form is versatile and plays an important role in drug delivery. The selection of ideal hydrogen bond-donor (HBD) and hydrogen bond-acceptor (HBA) is an essential parameter. Ionic liquids (IL), derivatives of deep eutectic solvents (DES) have got much attention since it can replace harmful organic solvent by their extraordinary properties. Therapeutic deep eutectic solvents (THEDESs) are considered to be an exceptional option in the advancement of biomedicine. This can be utilized for improvising drug solubility, bioavailability as well as drug permeation through the skin. Natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) can be considered as an alternate option, replacing harsh solvents. It has special characteristics of better biodegradability and biocompatibility. These NADES mainly used to separate and purification of natural compounds. This review focuses on the eutectic mixture and its application in the area of drug delivery systems, and pharmaceutical and pharmacological fields.

An Effective Acid–Base-Induced Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Based on Deep Eutectic Solvents for Determination of Testosterone and Methyltestosterone in Milk

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 880-886
Author(s):  
Xiao Li ◽  
Tao Yuan ◽  
Ting Zhao ◽  
Xiaomei Wu ◽  
Yaling Yang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Abstract An environmentally friendly method for the determination of testosterone and methyltestosterone by acid–base-induced deep eutectic solvents liquid–liquid microextraction (DES-ABLLME) combining with high-performance liquid chromatography was established. The deep eutectic solvent (DES) consisting of menthol:lauric acid:decanoic acid (3:1:1) can act as both hydrogen bond donor and hydrogen bond acceptor. In this approach, ammonia solution (NH3•H2O) is used as an emulsifier to react with DESs in the extraction process to generate salt and form milky white solution, achieving high extraction efficiency. Hydrochloric acid was used as a phase separator to change the emulsification state and promote the separation of extraction agent from water phase. A series of parameters were optimized including the volume of DES and the emulsifying agent, glucose concentration as well as hydrochloric acid volume. The method was linear in the range 0.5–100 μg mL−1 with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.9999, and the limits of detection were 0.067 and 0.2 μg mL−1 for testosterone and methyltestosterone, respectively. This method was applied to analyze testosterone and methyltestosterone in milk samples, and the recoveries were between 89.2 and 108.2%.

Efficient and reversible absorption of NH3 by functional azole–glycerol deep eutectic solvents

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (29) ◽  
pp. 11636-11642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongshun Deng ◽  
Xiuzhi Duan ◽  
Bao Gao ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxia Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Donor ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor

The hydrogen bond donor (HBD) of glycerol and hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) selected from azole compounds were paired to construct functional deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as NH3 absorbents.

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