Male Patients with Longstanding Type 2 Diabetes Have a Higher Incidence of Hypoglycemia Compared with Female Patients

Correction: The page numbers were changed from 98-100 to 81-93 on 31/08/2020. Background: Obesity is regarded as worldwide health problems which may put a person at a higher risk of serious health conditions leading to morbidity and mortality. Obesity is a risk factor for many diseases of which hypertension and type-2 diabetes mellitus are the most important. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity together form 24% of the global risk for mortality. Cardiovascular diseases related to these life-style disorders has major effect on life expectancy and impaired quality of life. Objectives: The study was done to evaluate the drug prescribing pattern of type - 2 diabetes and hypertension in both obese and non-obese patients. Along with it, this study also attempt to find the contributing factors associated with it and different types of drugs selected in those conditions respectively. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2074 at Manmohan memorial teaching hospital. A total of 101 out-patient were interviewed, measurements were done to calculate BMI and waist to hip ratio and their prescriptions were reviewed. For Treatment Guideline of HTN, JNC 8[20] was followed and Updated Treatment Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) [21] was followed in case of diabetes. Result: Among 101 patients studied, 58 were males and 43 were females. Regarding physical activity, only 26.7% of total patients were involved in morning walk and 3% in yoga, remaining 71% of study patients did not involve in any kind of physical exercise. Regarding food habits, 22.8% were smokers, 49.5% were alcoholics and 96% were non-vegetarians. Waist to hip ratio was also observed higher in both males (35.6%) and females (39.6%). Among the101 total participants, the age group of 41-55 years were found to be more obese than other age group (34 in numbers) followed by age group 56-70 which were 16 in numbers. Male patients were more obese (41) than female patients (31). Highest number (31) of the obese patients were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, followed by second highest number (26) of patients diagnosed with hypertension and 15 patients with both the conditions. The commonly prescribed oral hypoglycemic drugs were metformin (35.60%) followed by glimepiride (24.80%). Among anti-hypertensive drugs, amlodipine (22.80%) was most common in prescriptions followed by losartan (18.80%) and Telmisartan (17.80%). Conclusion: The results of the present study show that higher number of male patients (41) were obese than female patients (31). About 30% of patients were found obese-diabetic, 26% were obese-hypertensive and 15% were with both obese diabetic and hypertensive condition. Among oral hypoglycemic drugs, metformin (35.60%) was mostly prescribed followed by glimepiride (24.80%). Among antihypertensives, amlodipine (22.8%) was mostly prescribed followed by losartan (18.80%). Atorvastatin (11.9%) was mostly prescribed oral hypolipidemic agent.

Download Full-text

Daytime sleepiness, depression and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus of different sexes as a drug target

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2020-7-80-84 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 80-84

Author(s):

Yu. A. Sorokina ◽

A. V. Zanozin ◽

O. V. Zanozina ◽

T. A. Smirnova ◽

O. A. Novozhilova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Visceral Obesity ◽

Emotional Instability ◽

Female Patients ◽

Male Patients

Introduction. Patients with type 2 diabetes are more likely to have concomitant depression. In addition, there are some studies that have alluded to a direct relationship between overweight and diabetes and daytime drowsiness.The aim of this study was to study the relationship of metabolic disorders, anthropometric data with daytime sleepiness and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes.Material and methods. A general clinical study consisted in interviewing the patient (complaints, medical history), obtaining physical data (anthropometry) – height (cm), weight (kg), neck circumference (cm), waist circumference (cm), hip circumference (cm). The object of the study was the whole blood and blood plasma of patients in order to determine the level of fasting plasma glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and other blood biochemical parameters. To verify violations in the emotional-volitional sphere, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale were used.Results. All patients had visceral obesity, the waist circumference is significantly higher than normal, both in men and women. In accordance with the Epworth drowsiness scale, on average, borderline insomnia was recorded in the examined patients with type 2 diabetes. Drowsiness rate correlated with waist circumference (r = 0,65) and hips (0,67), age (0.34) only in male patients. The level of depression correlated with age in female patients (r = 0.37, p < 0,05) and male (r = 0,6, p < 0,05) and did not correlate with drowsiness in both groups. The level of depression was 16, which corresponds to mild to moderate depression. However, the rate of depression is negligible, but higher among female patients (14.00 [6.00; 18.00] versus 19.00 [10.50; 20.00], p = 0,047).Conclusions. Increased daytime sleepiness and depression accompany patients with type 2 diabetes, regardless of gender. The dependence between the severity of decreased daily activity and increased anthropometric indicators and age can be seen in male patients, which may illustrative of increasing androgen deficiency in men and its contribution to the development of metabolic disorders, including obesity. Depressive states have deeper manifestations in female patients with type 2 diabetes compared to male patients, which may indicate both emotional instability of female patients and a more pronouncedeffect of the disease itself on the psychoemotional background in women.

Download Full-text

Effect of Canagliflozin on Heart Function Involving Ketone Bodies in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Drug Research ◽

10.1055/a-0748-5745 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (05) ◽

pp. 297-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Eiji Kutoh ◽

Jyunka Hayashi

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Ejection Fraction ◽

Cardiac Function ◽

Ketone Bodies ◽

Heart Function ◽

Female Patients ◽

Male Patients

AbstractThis report describes the effect of administration (n=3) or withdrawal (n=2) of canagliflozin, a sodium-glucose co-transporters 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor, on cardiac function in relation to ketone bodies. Three cases received and two cases discontinued canagliflozin. Changes of heart function with ultrasonography (EF: ejection fraction and %FS: functional shortening) and cardiometabolic parameters including ketone bodies (acetoacetate/beta-hydroxybutylate) were compared at 3 months. 69, 68 and 60 years old male patients A, B and C, respectively with moderately decreased heart function received canagliflozin 100 mg/day. EF, %FS and acetoacetate/beta-hydroxybutylate levels increased. 60 and 59 years old female patients D and E with normal and borderline heart function, respectively discontinued canagliflozin 50 mg/day. EF, %FS and acetoacetate/beta-hydroxybutylate levels decreased. Taken together, these results suggest that concomitant changes between ketone bodies and heart function were observed with or without canagliflzoin. This drug might have effects on cardiac function through modulating ketone bodies.

Download Full-text

Rheumatoid Factor in Type 2 Male Diabetes Mellitus Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research ◽

10.3329/jcamr.v4i2.36358 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 58-62

Author(s):

Roksana Yeasmin ◽

MA Muttalib ◽

Kazi Nazneen Sultana ◽

Nizamul Hoque Bhuiyan ◽

Md Jamil Hasan Karami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Uric Acid ◽

Rheumatoid Factor ◽

Serum Uric Acid ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Male ◽

Male Patients

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease characterized by relative or absolute deficiency of insulin, resulting in glucose intolerance.Objectives: The present study was planned to see the associations of serum uric acid with positive Rheumatoid factor in type 2 male diabetes mellitus patients. Methodology: This case control study was carried out at the department of Biochemistry at Ibrahim Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The duration of the study was from June 2015 to June 2016 for a period of one year. In this present study, male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were taken as case group and age and sex matched healthy male were taken as control group. Rheumatoid factor was measured from the blood of all case and control group respondents. Others blood para meters were also measured for the correlation with the diabetes mellitus patients.Results: In this present study, 110 male patients presented with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited as case and age and sex matched healthy male were recruited as control. More rheumatoid factor positive in type 2 DM male patients with the uric acid range between 6.5 to 9.5 mg/dL. The number of patients was 5 out of total 9 rheumatoid factor positive cases. In this study serum uric acid was significantly correlated with rheumatoid factor in type 2 male diabetic patients. Rheumatoid factor positive cases were taking insulin among 9 and it was statistically significantly associated (p<0.001). Conclusion: In this study serum uric acid is significantly associated with positive rheumatoid factor in type 2 male diabetic patients.Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2017;4(2):58-62

Download Full-text