scholarly journals Impact of an Artificial Intelligence Research Frame on the Perceived Credibility of Educational Research Evidence

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutlu Cukurova ◽  
Rosemary Luckin ◽  
Carmel Kent
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Educational Psychology ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Public Image ◽  
The Public ◽  
Perceived Credibility ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Education Community ◽  
The Impact

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) is attracting a great deal of attention and it is important to investigate the public perceptions of AI and their impact on the perceived credibility of research evidence. In the literature, there is evidence that people overweight research evidence when framed in neuroscience findings. In this paper, we present the findings of the first investigation of the impact of an AI frame on the perceived credibility of educational research evidence. In an experimental study, we allocated 605 participants including educators to one of three conditions in which the same educational research evidence was framed within one of: AI, neuroscience, or educational psychology. The results demonstrate that when educational research evidence is framed within AI research, it is considered as less credible in comparison to when it is framed instead within neuroscience or educational psychology. The effect is still evident when the subjects’ familiarity with the framing discipline is controlled for. Furthermore, our results indicate that the general public perceives AI to be: less helpful in assisting us to understand how children learn, lacking in adherence to scientific methods, and to be less prestigious compared to neuroscience and educational psychology. Considering the increased use of AI technologies in Educational settings, we argue that there should be significant attempts to recover the public image of AI being less scientifically robust and less prestigious than educational psychology and neuroscience. We conclude the article suggesting that AI in Education community should attempt to be more actively engaged with key stakeholders of AI and Education to help mitigate such effects.

scholarly journals Service Robots Usage in Marketing Hospitality in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Ayse Begum Ersoy ◽  
Ziqi Cui
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Service Robots ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
The Public ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
The World ◽  
Interpersonal Distancing ◽  
The Impact

Since the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has had brought severe impact on all aspects of the world. A series of interpersonal distancing methods such as ensuring effective and safe social distancing among people, wearing masks, and traffic lockdown measures are also continuing to take effect to curb the continuing outbreak of the COVID-19 (“Advice for the public on COVID-19”, 2020). In response to the globally spread of COVID-19, many advanced technologies in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) were applied rapidly and played an essential role in the operation for several months. There are many different leading technology categories in the field of artificial intelligence and many different sub-categories within each main technology categories. Moreover, since the AGI technology does not yet reach the basic human intelligence level, this study will focus on the impact of service robots, which are already widely used in the NAI application category, on hospitality marketing in the current situation in China. In this paper the aim is to assess the effectiveness of use of service robots in Marketing Hospitality Industry during the pandemic through a quantitative study.

scholarly journals The Impact of Fake News and the Emerging Post-Truth Political Era on Nigerian Polity: A Review of Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umaru A. Pate ◽  
Danjuma Gambo ◽  
Adamkolo Mohammed Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Party ◽  
The United States ◽  
Online News ◽  
Fake News ◽  
The Public ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
General Elections ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ruling Party

Since the rising to notoriety of the present ‘genre’ of malicious content peddled as ‘fake news’ (mostly over social media) in 2016 during the United States’ presidential election, barely three years until Nigeria’s 2019 general elections, fake news has made dangerously damaging impacts on the Nigerian society socially, politically and economically. Notably, the escalating herder-farmer communal clashes in the northern parts of the country, ethno-religious crises in Taraba, Plateau and Benue states and the furiously burning fire of the thug-of-war between the ruling party (All Progressives Congress, APC) and the opposition, particularly the main opposition party (People’s Democratic Party, PDP) have all been attributed to fake news, untruth and political propaganda. This paper aims to provide further understanding about the evolving issues regarding fake news and its demonic impact on the Nigerian polity. To make that contribution toward building the literature, extant literature and verifiable online news content on fake news and its attributes were critically reviewed. This paper concludes that fake news and its associated notion of post-truth may continue to pose threat to the Nigerian polity unless strong measures are taken. For the effects of fake news and post-truth phenomena to be suppressed substantially, a tripartite participation involving these key stakeholders – the government, legislators and the public should be modelled and implemented to the letter.

Contributing to a Quality Patient Experience: Applying Evidence Based Practice to Support Changes in Nursing Dress Code Policies

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret West ◽  
Debra Wantz ◽  
Patricia Campbell ◽  
Greta Rosler ◽  
Dawn Troutman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Patient Experience ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Dress Code ◽  
The Public ◽  
Study Team ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Voice

The public image of nurse professionalism is important. Attributes of a professional nurse, such as caring, attentive, empathetic, efficient, knowledgeable, competent, and approachable, or lack thereof, can contribute positively or negatively to the patient experience. Nurses at a hospital in central northeast Pennsylvania offer their story as they considered the impact of a wide variety of individual uniform and dress choices. This article describes an evidence based practice project and survey created to increase understanding of patient perceptions regarding the professional image of nurses in this facility. Exploring patient perception of nurse image provided insight into what patients view as important. A team approach included the voice of nurses at different levels in the process. Ultimately, this work informed a revision of the health system nursing dress code. The study team also reflects on challenges, next steps in the process, and offers recommendations based on their experiences.

Political behavior in family- and founder-controlled firms

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Clark Muntean
Keyword(s):  
Political Behavior ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Campaign Contributions ◽  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Family Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ownership Structures ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The political behavior of founders, families and their firms in the form of campaign contributions has not been explored by family business scholars. Yet partisan and ideological campaign contributions raise a range of governance issues and hold implications for myriad stakeholders, including investors, employees, customers and the public. The purpose of this paper compares and contrasts the campaign contributions of founder- and family-controlled firms relative to managerially governed firms and develops theoretical explanations for observed differences. Design/methodology/approach – This paper develops a “principal owner” hypothesis based upon a typology of firm ownership characteristics (founder/family control or not; publicly traded or privately held). This hypothesis is tested by multivariate empirical analyses of the campaign contributions of 251 firms across 14 industries with four types of ownership structures. Findings – Founder- and family-controlled firms are more partisan and ideological relative to other firms in their industry and this finding is consistent across industries. Founders and family members influence political behavior, including in publicly traded firms. Practical implications – Given potential controversies raised by ideological and partisan campaign contributions and the unpredictable returns on political investment, it behooves founders and their family members to assess the impact of their political behavior on the business and on key stakeholders. Originality/value – This paper is the first to raise governance issues related to founders’ and families’ political spending and develops original insights into the ideological and political behavior of these businesses.

scholarly journals A Systematic Approach for Evaluating Artificial Intelligence Models in Industrial Settings

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6195
Author(s):  
Paul-Lou Benedick ◽  
Jérémy Robert ◽  
Yves Le Traon
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Public University ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
The Public ◽  
Univariate Time Series ◽  
Intelligence Models ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Models ◽  
The Impact

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the hottest topics in our society, especially when it comes to solving data-analysis problems. Industry are conducting their digital shifts, and AI is becoming a cornerstone technology for making decisions out of the huge amount of (sensors-based) data available in the production floor. However, such technology may be disappointing when deployed in real conditions. Despite good theoretical performances and high accuracy when trained and tested in isolation, a Machine-Learning (M-L) model may provide degraded performances in real conditions. One reason may be fragility in treating properly unexpected or perturbed data. The objective of the paper is therefore to study the robustness of seven M-L and Deep-Learning (D-L) algorithms, when classifying univariate time-series under perturbations. A systematic approach is proposed for artificially injecting perturbations in the data and for evaluating the robustness of the models. This approach focuses on two perturbations that are likely to happen during data collection. Our experimental study, conducted on twenty sensors’ datasets from the public University of California Riverside (UCR) repository, shows a great disparity of the models’ robustness under data quality degradation. Those results are used to analyse whether the impact of such robustness can be predictable—thanks to decision trees—which would prevent us from testing all perturbations scenarios. Our study shows that building such a predictor is not straightforward and suggests that such a systematic approach needs to be used for evaluating AI models’ robustness.

CONTRIBUTION OF STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT TO THE IMPACT OF A HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT: AN IRISH CASE STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 424-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Máirín Ryan ◽  
Patrick S. Moran ◽  
Patricia Harrington ◽  
Linda Murphy ◽  
Michelle O'Neill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Public Consultation ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Media Management ◽  
The Public ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: The aim of this study was to illustrate the contribution of stakeholder engagement to the impact of health technology assessment (HTA) using an Irish HTA of a national public access defibrillation (PAD) program.Background: In response to draft legislation that proposed a PAD program, the Minister for Health requested that Health Information and Quality Authority undertake an HTA to inform the design and implementation of a national PAD program and the necessary underpinning legislation. The draft legislation outlined a program requiring widespread installation and maintenance of automatic external defibrillators in specified premises.Methods: Stakeholder engagement to optimize the impact of the HTA included one-to-one interviews with politicians, engagement with an Expert Advisory Group, public and targeted consultation, and positive media management.Results: The HTA quantified the clinical benefits of the proposed PAD program as modest, identified that substantial costs would fall on small/medium businesses at a time of economic recession, and that none of the programs modeled were cost-effective. The Senator who proposed the Bill actively publicized the HTA process and its findings and encouraged participation in the public consultation. Participation of key stakeholders was important for the quality and acceptability of the HTA findings and advice. Media management promoted public engagement and understanding. The Bill did not progress.Conclusions: The HTA informed the decision not to progress with legislation for a national PAD program. Engagement was tailored to ensure that key stakeholders including politicians and the public were informed of the HTA process, the findings, and the advice, thereby maximizing acceptance. Appropriate stakeholder engagement optimizes the impact of HTA.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence, digital capital, and epistemic domination on Twitter: A study of families affected by imprisonment

2021 ◽  
pp. 146247452110143
Author(s):  
Pamela Ugwudike ◽  
Jenny Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Digital Capital

Online Social Networking Sites (SNSs) and other Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are transforming the epistemological foundations of justice systems and influencing knowledge production concerning criminal justice and its impact. This article focuses on a dimension of criminal justice which is the impact of imprisonment on families and seeks to unravel how knowledge about this problem is produced on SNSs. To this end, it draws on a study that explored conversational networks of key stakeholders on the SNS, Twitter. Building on insights from the study, the paper unravels interdependent sociotechnical dynamics that reproduce the offline marginality of affected families and operate as barriers to equitable knowledge production. Through its analysis of the dynamics, the paper provides new insights and advances the sparse criminological scholarship on the intersections of AI systems and the delivery of justice. It specifically highlights exclusionary epistemic processes that are fomented by the infrastructure of AI systems and the social contexts in which they are deployed.

scholarly journals The Power of Reputation: A Case Study on Artistic Directors of Austria's Music Festivals

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Kalser-Gruber
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Music Festivals ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Artistic Directors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
A Company

Abstract Reputation represents the standing of a person or organisation in the public field and illustrates/marks their contribution towards the implementation of collectively shared values and goals. From a business point of view, reputation belongs to the intangible assets of a company and is therefore part of the goodwill. Especially, the leader of an organisation—particularly in a cultural enterprise—shapes the external public image of the organisation, studies the impact of the image on the public consciousness by assessing public opinion about the organisation's achievements and consequently also gauges the economic and/or artistic success of the organisation. Based on the statements of experts about music festivals of high culture in Austria alongside the big players such as Salzburg or Bregenz Festival, the aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between reputation of artistic directors (ADs) and the performance of cultural enterprises. It will also be demonstrated how the reputation of these individuals has an impact on tourism, hospitality and trade in the vicinity of cultural enterprises.

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