High-Speed Camera Investigation into Fracture Behavior of Solder Ball Joints Under Dynamic Loading

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-627
Author(s):  
D.-S. Liu ◽  
C.-L. Hsu ◽  
C.-L. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Solder Ball ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Ball Joints

Microstructure evolution and microimpact performance of Sn–Ag–Cu solder joints under thermal cycle test

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1312-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.L. Huang ◽  
K.L. Lin ◽  
D.S. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Energy ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Thermal Cycle ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Solder Ball ◽  
Solder Joints ◽  
Whisker Formation ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ball Joints

The microstructure and microimpact performance of Sn1Ag0.1Cu0.02Ni0.05In (SAC101NiIn)/AuNi/Cu solder ball joints were investigated after a thermal cycle test (TCT). The joints show complete bulk fracture behavior before TCT. Moreover, TCT facilitated interfacial fracture behavior with lower fracture energy. The intermetallic compounds (IMCs) formed in the solder joints before and after TCT were investigated. TCT induces a variety of structural variations in the solder joints, including slipping bands, whisker formation, the squeezing of the IMC layer, the formation of cavities, the rotation and pop-up of grain, and the deformation and rotation of the entire joint. The variations in fracture behavior induced by TCT are correlated with the structural variations in the solder joints.

Dynamic Impact Characterization of Al+Fe2O3+30% Epoxy Composites Using Time Synchronized High-Speed Camera and VISAR Measurements

2005 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Ferranti ◽  
Naresh N. Thadhani
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Loading ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Axial Strain ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Wave Interactions ◽  
Impact Experiments

AbstractReverse Taylor anvil-on-rod impact experiments were conducted on Al+Fe2O3+30% epoxy composites to measure their viscoelastic and fracture response to dynamic loading. Impact velocities ranged from 80 to 200 m/s. High-speed camera images capturing transient deformation reveal these materials exhibit significant elastic recovery in both the longitudinal and radial directions. Images were time synchronized with free surface velocity measurements, using VISAR, to track elastic/plastic wave interactions attributed to the material’s dynamic loading response. Some specimens underwent brittle fracture once a critical areal strain was exceeded while the axial strain response appeared unaltered.

The micro-impact fracture behavior of lead-free solder ball joints

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1057-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.L. Huang ◽  
K.L. Lin ◽  
D.S. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Solder Joint ◽  
Fracture Energy ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Solder Ball ◽  
Impact Fracture ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Lead Free Solder ◽  
Impact Fracture Behavior ◽  
Free Solder ◽  
Ball Joints

The present study investigated the micro-impact fracture behavior of various lead-free solder joints, including Sn–1Ag–0.1Cu–0.02Ni–0.05In, Sn–1.2Ag–0.5Cu–0.05Ni, and Sn–1Ag–0.5Cu. The fracture that occurs within the solder joint corresponds to a higher impact fracture energy (1.35 mJ), while the fracture at the interface between the solder joint and intermetallic compound acquires a smaller impact energy (0.82 mJ). Two types of fracture mechanisms were proposed based on observations of the fracture morphology and the impact curve for the solder ball joints. The longer deflection distance, referring to better elongation, exists for the mechanism corresponding to the higher fracture energy.

scholarly journals Tracking by Deblatting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denys Rozumnyi ◽  
Jan Kotera ◽  
Filip Šroubek ◽  
Jiří Matas
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Motion Blur ◽  
Velocity Estimation ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Trajectory Function ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Blind Deblurring ◽  
Object Trajectories ◽  
Complex Trajectories

AbstractObjects moving at high speed along complex trajectories often appear in videos, especially videos of sports. Such objects travel a considerable distance during exposure time of a single frame, and therefore, their position in the frame is not well defined. They appear as semi-transparent streaks due to the motion blur and cannot be reliably tracked by general trackers. We propose a novel approach called Tracking by Deblatting based on the observation that motion blur is directly related to the intra-frame trajectory of an object. Blur is estimated by solving two intertwined inverse problems, blind deblurring and image matting, which we call deblatting. By postprocessing, non-causal Tracking by Deblatting estimates continuous, complete, and accurate object trajectories for the whole sequence. Tracked objects are precisely localized with higher temporal resolution than by conventional trackers. Energy minimization by dynamic programming is used to detect abrupt changes of motion, called bounces. High-order polynomials are then fitted to smooth trajectory segments between bounces. The output is a continuous trajectory function that assigns location for every real-valued time stamp from zero to the number of frames. The proposed algorithm was evaluated on a newly created dataset of videos from a high-speed camera using a novel Trajectory-IoU metric that generalizes the traditional Intersection over Union and measures the accuracy of the intra-frame trajectory. The proposed method outperforms the baselines both in recall and trajectory accuracy. Additionally, we show that from the trajectory function precise physical calculations are possible, such as radius, gravity, and sub-frame object velocity. Velocity estimation is compared to the high-speed camera measurements and radars. Results show high performance of the proposed method in terms of Trajectory-IoU, recall, and velocity estimation.

Influence of Main Swirler Vane Angle on the Ignition Performance of TeLESS-II Combustor

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Yuzhen Lin ◽  
Xin Hui ◽  
Jibao Li
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Main Stage ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Fuel Distribution ◽  
Fuel Droplets ◽  
Planar Laser ◽  
Cfd Method ◽  
Vane Angle

In order to balance the low emission and wide stabilization for lean premixed prevaporized (LPP) combustion, the centrally staged layout is preferred in advanced aero-engine combustors. However, compared with the conventional combustor, it is more difficult for the centrally staged combustor to light up as the main stage air layer will prevent the pilot fuel droplets arriving at igniter tip. The goal of the present paper is to study the effect of the main stage air on the ignition of the centrally staged combustor. Two cases of the main swirler vane angle of the TeLESS-II combustor, 20 deg and 30 deg are researched. The ignition results at room inlet temperature and pressure show that the ignition performance of the 30 deg vane angle case is better than that of the 20 deg vane angle case. High-speed camera, planar laser induced fluorescence (PLIF), and computational fluids dynamics (CFD) are used to better understand the ignition results. The high-speed camera has recorded the ignition process, indicated that an initial kernel forms just adjacent the liner wall after the igniter is turned on, the kernel propagates along the radial direction to the combustor center and begins to grow into a big flame, and then it spreads to the exit of the pilot stage, and eventually stabilizes the flame. CFD of the cold flow field coupled with spray field is conducted. A verification of the CFD method has been applied with PLIF measurement, and the simulation results can qualitatively represent the experimental data in terms of fuel distribution. The CFD results show that the radial dimensions of the primary recirculation zone of the two cases are very similar, and the dominant cause of the different ignition results is the vapor distribution of the fuel. The concentration of kerosene vapor of the 30 deg vane angle case is much larger than that of the 20 deg vane angle case close to the igniter tip and along the propagation route of the kernel, therefore, the 30 deg vane angle case has a better ignition performance. For the consideration of the ignition performance, a larger main swirler vane angle of 30 deg is suggested for the better fuel distribution when designing a centrally staged combustor.

scholarly journals Leader-chasing behavior in negative artificial triggered lightning flashes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fukun Wang ◽  
Jianguo Wang ◽  
Li Cai ◽  
Rui Su ◽  
Wenhan Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lightning Flash ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Return Stroke ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Triggered Lightning

AbstractTwo special cases of dart leader propagation were observed by the high-speed camera in the leader/return stroke sequences of a classical triggered lightning flash and an altitude-triggered lightning flash, respectively. Different from most of the subsequent return strokes preceded by only one leader, the return stroke in each case was preceded by two leaders occurring successively and competing in the same channel, which herein is named leader-chasing behavior. In one case, the polarity of the latter leader was opposite to that of the former leader and these two combined together to form a new leader, which shared the same polarity with the former leader. In the other case, the latter leader shared the same polarity with the former leader and disappeared after catching up with the former leader. The propagation of the former leader in this case seems not to be significantly influenced by the existence of the latter leader.

scholarly journals Interactive Effects in Two-Droplets Combustion of RP-3 Kerosene under Sub-Atmospheric Pressure

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1229
Author(s):  
Hongtao Zhang ◽  
Zhihua Wang ◽  
Yong He ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
Kefa Cen
Keyword(s):  
Burning Rate ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Propagation Time ◽  
High Speed Camera ◽  
Single Droplet ◽  
Fuel Droplets ◽  
Spacing Distance

To improve our understanding of the interactive effects in combustion of binary multicomponent fuel droplets at sub-atmospheric pressure, combustion experiments were conducted on two fibre-supported RP-3 kerosene droplets at pressures from 0.2 to 1.0 bar. The burning life of the interactive droplets was recorded by a high-speed camera and a mirrorless camera. The results showed that the flame propagation time from burning droplet to unburned droplet was proportional to the normalised spacing distance between droplets and the ambient pressure. Meanwhile, the maximum normalised spacing distance from which the left droplet can be ignited has been investigated under different ambient pressure. The burning rate was evaluated and found to have the same trend as the single droplet combustion, which decreased with the reduction in the pressure. For every experiment, the interactive coefficient was less than one owing to the oxygen competition, except for the experiment at L/D0 = 2.5 and P = 1.0 bar. During the interactive combustion, puffing and microexplosion were found to have a significant impact on secondary atomization, ignition and extinction.

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