Advanced AODV routing based on restricted broadcasting of route request packets in MANET

Author(s):  
Priyanka Pandey ◽  
Raghuraj Singh
Keyword(s):  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (04) ◽  
pp. 21-37
Author(s):  
Priyanka Pandey ◽  
Raghuraj Singh

Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is mainly designed to set up communication among devices in infrastructure-less wireless communication network. Routing in this kind of communication network is highly affected by its restricted characteristics such as frequent topological changes and limited battery power. Several research works have been carried out to improve routing performance in MANET. However, the overall performance enhancement in terms of packet delivery, delay and control message overhead is still not come into the wrapping up. In order to overcome the addressed issues, an Efficient and Stable-AODV (EFST-AODV) routing scheme has been proposed which is an improvement over AODV to establish a better quality route between source and destination. In this method, we have modified the route request and route reply phase. During the route request phase, cost metric of a route is calculated on the basis of parameters such as residual energy, delay and distance. In a route reply phase, average residual energy and average delay of overall path is calculated and the data forwarding decision is taken at the source node accordingly. Simulation outcomes reveal that the proposed approach gives better results in terms of packet delivery ratio, delay, throughput, normalized routing load and control message overhead as compared to AODV.


Author(s):  
Andy Hidayat Jatmika ◽  
I Made Windra Yudistiana ◽  
Ariyan Zubaidi

One sector that greatly influences it is in terms of network security. This is due to the characteristics of the MANET network that are dynamic so that the MANET network is very easily disturbed by irresponsible parties. One of the attacks that can occur in MANET network is Route Request (RREQ) Flooding Attacks. In RREQ flooding attacks in the form of fake nodes that are outside the area of the network and broadcast RREQ to the destination node in the network, so that it meets the bandwidth capacity which results in a decrease in quality in determining the route of sending data or information to the destination node. To prevent the occurrence of RREQ flooding attacks, a prevention method for these attacks is required, namely the RREQ Flooding Attacks Prevention (RFAP). This method works by finding nodes that are likely to be malicious nodes then isolated from the network to be restored to normal nodes. This research will optimize the AODV and AOMDV routing protocols by adding RFAP prevention methods and knowing the performance of the two protocols in terms of throughput, average end-to-end delay and normalized routing load. Based on the results of the simulation, that the application of the method RFAP on AODV routing protocol can produce network quality is better than AOMDV protocol, both in terms of throughput, average end-to-end delay and normalized routing load.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afsana Ahamed ◽  
Hamid Vakilzadian

A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a technology in which moving cars are used as routers (nodes) to establish a reliable mobile communication network among the vehicles. Some of the drawbacks of the routing protocol, Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), associated with VANETs are the end-to-end delay and packet loss. We modified the AODV routing protocols to reduce the number of route request (RREQ) and route reply (RREP) messages by adding direction parameters and two-step filtering. The two-step filtering process reduces the number of RREQ and RREP packets, reduces the packet overhead, and helps to select the stable route. In this study, we show the impact of the direction parameter in reducing the end-to-end delay and the packet loss in AODV. The simulation results show a 1.4% reduction in packet loss, an 11% reduction in the end-to-end delay, and an increase in throughput.


2013 ◽  
Vol 756-759 ◽  
pp. 828-832
Author(s):  
Al Gabri Malek ◽  
Chun Lin Li ◽  
Yun Chang Liu ◽  
Yan Pei Liu ◽  
Al Museelem Wleed

ZigBee is an emerging standard for the low cost, low power and low rate wireless networks and the ZigBee technology is well suited to a wide range of energy management and efficiency applications in areas such as building automation, industrial, medical and home automation. ZigBee is a version of AODV routing protocol, where the routes are discovered RREQ through the network by the source broadcasting and sending RREP back the destination, so make ZigBee routing efficient, we used AODV mesh topology methods to send and receive data from source to destination and vice versa. In this paper we present an improved version of ZigBee-AODV mesh network, which utilizes and divide the topology of network into one or more logical clusters and restricts the flooding of route request outside the cluster. ZigBee-AODV mesh network uses nodes of the same cluster to share routing information, which significantly reduces the route path discovery and created cluster formation to decrease the routing path. The proposed protocol has higher reliability and lower overhead than AODV.


2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-Sik Yang ◽  
Luke Ritchie ◽  
Andréa W. Richa ◽  
Martin Reisslein

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Qin Liu

Abstract This paper addresses the optimization of on-demand routing protocols for quantum wireless Ad Hoc network. This paper proposes an optimal quantum route metric algorithm that integrates quantum route metric and classic route metric to select a better route path for quantum communication. The paper also improves the route discovery protocol by proposing a "reverse synchronization method" which means after the route request is completed, the quantum entanglement channel is established synchronously when the reverse path is established. This method, better than general methods which builds quantum channels after the forward path establishment, reduces the time and the numbers of messages for quantum channel establishment, thus improving the efficiency. Accordingly, this paper elaborates the specific methods, procedures and related upgrading message formats involved in quantum route discovery, quantum channel establishment and quantum information transmission of on-demand routing protocols for quantum wireless Ad Hoc network. The advantage of the "reverse synchronization method" in reducing the time and the numbers of messages for quantum channel establishment is verified through analysis on protocol performance.


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