Evaluation of the use of the national academic network of advanced technology (renata) in Colombia

This paper models the operation of Internet 2, the advanced national academic network (RENATA) in Colombia, by as-sessing the fundamental services that it supports and its respective performance. The academic and scientific importance of the article lies on discussing the problem of NRAN networks not being harnessed as scientific tools that may have a domino effect by driving the use of said tools in different education and research centers of the highest level. It is concluded that the connectivity model in the associated networks, i.e., the university networks of every important city within RENATA do not effectively use the advantages of bandwidth capacity, hereby proven with 0.039 Gbps.

Optimizing Bandwidth Allocation in GPON as a Backhaul to Fulfill 5G Latency Requirement

To achieve full deployment of 5G services, a backhaul network solution is required to connect the central office to the BTS (Base Station). Some of the current alternatives used for backhaul solutions implement Wireless technology (Radio IP) and wire-line (copper and fiber). The use of fiber network can be used with Metro Ethernet or GPON network approach. The focus of GPON is based on the problems encountered when the requirement of latency is fixed at below 5 ms. Based on the findings of this research, in order to meet the 5G latency requirement of 5ms, the most suitable capacity allocation is 70% with average latency combined of upstream and downlink is 2.8ms. Furthermore, the average optimum bandwidth capacity is 72.10 % and 72.59 % for GPON and XGSPON respectively

Mitigation of Phase Noise and Nonlinearities for High Capacity Radio-over-Fiber Links

Radio-over-fiber (RoF) links successfully provide high data rates and bandwidth capacity with a low complexity system architecture, as compared to its counterpart digital-RoF. In addition, the compound of quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) modulation schemes further enhance the process of these achievements. However, high data rates and bandwidth-capacity-supported RoF links face nonlinearities (NLs), linear distortions (LDs), and phase noise challenges that degrade the reliability of communication networks (CNs). Therefore, in this paper, to suppress NLs, LDs, and phase noise, next generation cloud radio access networks (CRANs) are investigated using RoF links and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) methodology based on 16, 32, and 64 QAM-OFDM modulation schemes. The receiver of the proposed framework is designed, applying an improved digital signal processing (DSP) system that includes overlap frequency domain equalization (OFDE), a synchronization process, and time domain equalization (TDE). Theoretical and simulation models are organized for estimating the proposed RoF link with the aid of different values of transmission ranges, input power, output power, bit rate, bits per symbol, channel spacing, and the number of users. The fitness of the model matches that of existing approaches.

Twin Band-Notched Ultrawideband MIMO Antenna

In this article, we have presented various techniques that are used for improving different parameters related to UWB antenna. In this Paper, we planned for MIMO antennas in contemporary wireless communication which enhances the bandwidth and gives compact antennas. The antenna band we notched is of planned MIMO which offers an bandwidth with the operational band-notched. The bandwidth capacity of the antenna is from 2.93-20 gigahertz with sharp rejection at WLAN-band with isolation of not exactly - 22 dB is accomplished for the whole band, by utilizing a simple modified shaped structure in the bottom plane, port isolation and transmission capacity are improved. The diversity execution performance is likewise contemplated and whole outcomes shows it’s a potential point of using MIMO based diversity antenna for ultra wide band applications which is demonstrate in this paper. The parameters to assess the performance of the MIMO are explained, the whole examination completed in different sections has been outlined

Technical Specifications of the Submarine Fiber Optic Channel Bandwidth/Capacity in Optical Fiber Transmission Systems

This work outlines technical specifications of the undersea fiber optic communication channel bandwidth, capacity with taken into account the maximum and minimum extended fiber cost in the presence of amplifiers stations. The number of amplifiers in the amplification stage are addressed based on the amplifier distance to strength the light signal in water depth after 5 km distance. The fiber channel capacity is estimated at different water depth and at the surface of the water. Minimum input signal power and required detectable received power are adjusted to ensure the high data rates in submarine cable systems under the best and worst conditions of the seawater pressure. The study emphasizes the high data rates transmission can be achieved at a distance of 10 km depth.

IMPROVEMENT OF NETWORK SURVIVABILITY USING THE EFFECTIVE REDUNDANCY DESIGN

Network survivability is a very important issue due to the sustainability of the network services. Failure in a network system conduce to disturbance of the network services and causes trouble to millions of applications. Implement an effective redundancy design is one of method to cope nuisance in terms of sustainability in a network. In this paper, there are two design networks with and without redundancy respectively by Metro Ethernet-based technique to support transmission of data and voice. Furthermore, there is a validation performance of networks by measuring and comparing the throughput, latency and jitter between the two network designs. The value of bandwidth capacity is 100 Mbps as plan bandwidth link. Measurements results denote that network with redundancy design is able to enhance performance of the network, the parameters are: the throughput on single link tends to moderate (25%-50%), on the other hand, the throughput values on the main link and back uplink are in accordance with very good condition (75%-100%). The values of frame loss ratio 69.979% - 56.679% (single link), 6.77% -9.999% (main link) and 6.676 %-9.999% (back uplink). The values of jitter and latency in network with redundancy design are much better than in single link network. The recovery time for each frame length is ranging from 48.999ms to 49.887ms, where it is still meet with the standard that must below 50ms. Finally, when the main link in the network topology with redundancy design undergo link fails condition, the backup link is able to maintain the quality of network throughout that time, on the contrary, network topology without redundancy design is unable.

Rain attenuation in broadband satellite service and worst month analysis

<span>Satellite link design, link margin and services at lower bands of satellite spectrum has been facing the challenges of meeting the demands for higher bandwidth requirements. Satellite operators and service providers are been compelled to migrate to the use of higher frequencies above 10 GHz. These higher frequencies were discovered to be vulnerable to atmospheric degradation creating the challenge of service availability especially for tropical rain zones with higher rainfall intensities and longer rain event durations. This study strive to evaluate the profile of rainfall and the monthly and annual variability to improve the design parameters of satellite propagation. Two yeas rainfall measurement campaign was conducted in Abuja at Nigcomsat-1R ground station with a view to understanding the characteristics of Abuja rain. The location of the site is on lat. 9.06o N and lon. 7.48o E. Tipping bucket rain gauge was used for point rain rate and 1.8 m VSAT antenna was installed to monitor the rain induced attenuation on satellite broadband signal. The results shows a huge variability between month to month as well as annual average between 2016 and 2017. The performance of broadband satellite service was found to largely to depend on the quality of the carrier power above the system noise rather than bandwidth capacity or the receive signal level while higher attenuations are associated with higher rain intensities and the slant path effects.</span>

Message Queuing Telemetry Transport dalam Internet of Things menggunakan ESP-32

Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is a connectivity protocol between machines or now better known as the Internet of Things (IoT). This protocol recognizes two basic functions of M2M communication, namely publish and subscribe (pub/sub). The MQTT protocol is designed as a very simple and very lightweight message delivery protocol, designed for devices that are limited and with low bandwidth capacity, high latency or on an unreliable network. The design principles are to minimize bandwidth requirements and device resource requirements, and keep trying to ensure reliability and guaranteed delivery rates. In this paper, VerneMQ performance reliability is tested - one of the MQTT brokers, with several stressing levels using ESP-32 as a publisher and notebook with the python application as a subscriber.

Analisis Optimasi Kinerja Protokol Routing AODV dan AOMDV dengan Menggunakan Metode RFAP untuk Mencegah RREQ Flooding Attacks pada Jaringan MANET

One sector that greatly influences it is in terms of network security. This is due to the characteristics of the MANET network that are dynamic so that the MANET network is very easily disturbed by irresponsible parties. One of the attacks that can occur in MANET network is Route Request (RREQ) Flooding Attacks. In RREQ flooding attacks in the form of fake nodes that are outside the area of the network and broadcast RREQ to the destination node in the network, so that it meets the bandwidth capacity which results in a decrease in quality in determining the route of sending data or information to the destination node. To prevent the occurrence of RREQ flooding attacks, a prevention method for these attacks is required, namely the RREQ Flooding Attacks Prevention (RFAP). This method works by finding nodes that are likely to be malicious nodes then isolated from the network to be restored to normal nodes. This research will optimize the AODV and AOMDV routing protocols by adding RFAP prevention methods and knowing the performance of the two protocols in terms of throughput, average end-to-end delay and normalized routing load. Based on the results of the simulation, that the application of the method RFAP on AODV routing protocol can produce network quality is better than AOMDV protocol, both in terms of throughput, average end-to-end delay and normalized routing load.