Biochar addition to vineyard soils: effects on soil functions, grape yield and wine quality

Biochar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel García-Jaramillo ◽  
Kylie M. Meyer ◽  
Claire L. Phillips ◽  
Verónica Acosta-Martínez ◽  
James Osborne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Functions ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Vineyard Soils ◽  
Grape Yield

scholarly journals Inoculation with Mycorrhizal Fungi and Irrigation Management Shape the Bacterial and Fungal Communities and Networks in Vineyard Soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1273
Author(s):  
Nazareth Torres ◽  
Runze Yu ◽  
S. Kaan Kurtural
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Soil Microbiome ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Vineyard Soil ◽  
Vineyard Soils

Vineyard-living microbiota affect grapevine health and adaptation to changing environments and determine the biological quality of soils that strongly influence wine quality. However, their abundance and interactions may be affected by vineyard management. The present study was conducted to assess whether the vineyard soil microbiome was altered by the use of biostimulants (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation vs. non-inoculated) and/or irrigation management (fully irrigated vs. half irrigated). Bacterial and fungal communities in vineyard soils were shaped by both time course and soil management (i.e., the use of biostimulants and irrigation). Regarding alpha diversity, fungal communities were more responsive to treatments, whereas changes in beta diversity were mainly recorded in the bacterial communities. Edaphic factors rarely influence bacterial and fungal communities. Microbial network analyses suggested that the bacterial associations were weaker than the fungal ones under half irrigation and that the inoculation with AMF led to the increase in positive associations between vineyard-soil-living microbes. Altogether, the results highlight the need for more studies on the effect of management practices, especially the addition of AMF on cropping systems, to fully understand the factors that drive their variability, strengthen beneficial microbial networks, and achieve better soil quality, which will improve crop performance.

scholarly journals Microbial Functional Diversity in Vineyard Soils: Sulfur Metabolism and Links With Grapevine Plants and Wine Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Mocali ◽  
Eiko E. Kuramae ◽  
George A. Kowalchuk ◽  
Flavio Fornasier ◽  
Simone Priori
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Microbial Functional Diversity ◽  
Vineyard Soils

Effect of rootstock on the production, grape and wine quality of Shiraz vines in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 511 ◽  
Author(s):  
PR Hedberg ◽  
R McLeod ◽  
B Cullis ◽  
BM Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Good Tolerance ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Grape Yield

The grape production and grape and wine quality of Shiraz vines, grown either on their own roots or on 6 rootstocks that have varying resistance to nematodes, were compared. Vines on the rootstocks Ramsey and Dog Ridge outyielded ungrafted vines by 46 and 48%, respectively, principally because of increased vegetative growth and hence retention of more nodes at pruning. Ramsey rootstock gave a greater grape yield per shoot. The ability of Dog Ridge stocks to produce yields as high as those of Ramsey highlights the importance of adequate pruning levels to enable the full potential of rootstocks to be determined. Vines on the rootstock Dog Ridge produced wines with higher pH values than wines from ungrafted control vines. Nematode counts suggested that the Vitus champini stocks have good tolerance to both rootknot and root lesion nematodes.

scholarly journals How foliar application of vine-shoot extract onto grapevine could affect white must composition?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Sánchez-Gómez ◽  
Eva. P. Pérez-Álvarez ◽  
M. Rosario Salinas ◽  
Ana Gonzalo-Diago ◽  
Amaya Zalacain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Grapevine Variety ◽  
Grape Yield

Nowadays, agronomic practices are evolving towards a “Sustainable Agriculture” using environmentally friendly systems. Modern viticulture aims to reduce inputs without reducing grape yield and wine quality. As a result of pruning, vine-shoots are generated as the waste of the vineyard. However their aqueous extracts have shown to have significant contents of bioactive compounds and, therefore, biostimulant activity. The foliar applications of vine-shoot extracts onto white grapevine variety caused a reduction in the sugar content, further an effect on the grape reaction product (trans-GRP) content was observed.

A COMPLEX FIELD STUDY OF RENI PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR ON BOTH THE GRAPE YIELD AND WINE QUALITY FROM THE CHARDONNAY AND CABERNET SOVIGNON CULTIVARS

2011 ◽  
Vol III (5) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Nanko Popov ◽  
Ekaterina Gargova ◽  
Kostadinka Rahova ◽  
Andon Vasilev ◽  
Venelin Roichev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Complex Field ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Grape Yield

scholarly journals Biological and productive properties of the forms of grapevine cultivar Traminer in the subregion of Nis

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Bratislav Cirkovic ◽  
Dragoljub Zunic ◽  
Mladjan Garic ◽  
Dusica Cirkovic ◽  
Sasa Matijasevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Grapevine Cultivar ◽  
Grape Yield

Traminer is a well-known grapevine cultivar. It is thought to originate from Tramin, Italy, wherefrom it has been introduced to many European countries (France, Switzerland, Austria, Germany). Researches included two Traminer cultivar forms: White Traminer and Red Traminer. Examinations were carried out in a collection vineyard of the Viticulture and Wine Production Center of Nis. The collection vineyard was planted in 1995, with planting space of 3 x 1.2 m. Examinations took three years (2004-2006) and encompassed phenological observations, fertility, vegetative potential of a vine, resistance to Botrytis cinerea and wine quality. A detailed ampelographic description of two Traminer cultivar forms was also provided according to O.I.V. descriptors. The purpose of this paper is to determine growth, fertility, yield, and grape and wine quality of the examined Traminer cultivar forms in the viticultural subregion of Nis. According to the results obtained, the examined forms could be successfully grown in this region. Average grape yield varied depending on conditions of the particular year. White Traminer recorded higher yield, while Red Traminer recorded better quality. In addition, the best vines have been selected within the forms, and they will be used in further studies and multiplication.

Understanding Vineyard Soils

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. White
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
World Market ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
General Information ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Grape Quality ◽  
Vineyard Soils ◽  
Lay Reader

The first edition of Understanding Vineyard Soils has been praised for its comprehensive coverage of soil topics relevant to viticulture. However, the industry is dynamic--new developments are occurring, especially with respect to measuring soil variability, managing soil water, possible effects of climate change, rootstock breeding and selection, monitoring sustainability, and improving grape quality and the "typicity" of wines. All this is embodied in an increased focus on the terroir or "sense of place" of vineyard sites, with greater emphasis being placed on wine quality relative to quantity in an increasingly competitive world market. The promotion of organic and biodynamic practices has raised a general awareness of "soil health", which is often associated with a soil's biology, but which to be properly assessed must be focused on a soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties. This edition of White's influential book presents the latest updates on these and other developments in soil management in vineyards. With a minimum of scientific jargon, Understanding Vineyard Soils explains the interaction between soils on a variety of parent materials around the world and grapevine growth and wine typicity. The essential chemical and physical processes involving nutrients, water, oxygen and carbon dioxide, moderated by the activities of soil organisms, are discussed. Methods are proposed for alleviating adverse conditions such as soil acidity, sodicity, compaction, poor drainage, and salinity. The pros and cons of organic viticulture are debated, as are the possible effects of climate change. The author explains how sustainable wine production requires winegrowers to take care of the soil and minimize their impact on the environment. This book is a practical guide for winegrowers and the lay reader who is seeking general information about soils, but who may also wish to pursue in more depth the influence of different soil types on vine performance and wine character.

scholarly journals Relevance of the Lin's and Host hydropedological models to predict grape yield and wine quality

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1635-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. C. Costantini ◽  
S. Pellegrini ◽  
P. Bucelli ◽  
P. Storchi ◽  
N. Vignozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Isotopic Ratio ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Topographic Wetness Index ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Functional Units ◽  
Grape Yield

Abstract. The adoption of precision agriculture in viticulture could be greatly enhanced by the diffusion of straightforward and easy to be applied hydropedological models, able to predict the spatial variability of available soil water. The Lin's and Host hydropedological models were applied to standard soil series descriptions and hillslope position, to predict the distribution of hydrological functional units in two vineyard and their relevance for grape yield and wine quality. A three-years trial was carried out in Chianti (Central Italy) on Sangiovese. The soils of the vineyards differentiated in structure, porosity and related hydropedological characteristics, as well as in salinity. Soil spatial variability was deeply affected by earth movement carried out before vine plantation. Six plots were selected in the different hydrological functional units of the two vineyards, that is, at summit, backslope and footslope morphological positions, to monitor soil hydrology, grape production and wine quality. Plot selection was based upon a cluster analysis of local slope, topographic wetness index (TWI), and cumulative moisture up to the root limiting layer, appreciated by means of a detailed combined geophysical survey. Water content, redox processes and temperature were monitored, as well as yield, phenological phases, and chemical analysis of grapes. The isotopic ratio δ13C was measured in the wine ethanol upon harvesting to evaluate the degree of stress suffered by vines. The grapes in each plot were collected for wine making in small barrels. The wines obtained were analysed and submitted to a blind organoleptic testing. The results demonstrated that the combined application of the two hydropedological models can be used for the prevision of the moisture status of soils cultivated with grape during summertime in Mediterranean climate. As correctly foreseen by the models, the amount of mean daily transpirable soil water (TSW) during the growing season differed considerably between the vineyards and increased significantly along the three positions on slope in both vineyards. The water accumulation along slope occurred in every year, even during the very dry 2006. The installation of indicators of reduction in soils (IRIS) tubes allowed confirmation of the occurrence of reductive processes in the most shallow soil. Both Sangiovese grape yield and quality of wine were influenced by the interaction between TSW content and salinity, sometimes contrary to expectations. Therefore, the studied hydropedological models were not relevant to predict grape yield and wine quality in all the hydrological functional units. The diffusion of hydropedological models in precision viticulture could be boosted considering salinity along with topography and soil hydrological characteristics.

scholarly journals Effect of cluster and berry thinning on Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon wines composition

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 470-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Karoglan ◽  
M. Osrečak ◽  
L. Maslov ◽  
B. Kozina
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Wine Quality ◽  
Cluster Thinning ◽  
Strongly Connected ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grape Yield

The manipulation of grape yield is widely practised to improve grape and wine quality. Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon vines in the Zagreb vineyard hills, north-western Croatia, were subjected to three crop removal treatments [cluster thinning (CT), berry thinning (BT), CT+BT, and untreated control] in a randomised block design experiment. CT and CT+BT treatments reduced the grape yield but increased the mean cluster weight compared to control vines. BT alone had a little effect on the yield components. Control grapes generally had the lowest soluble solids (°Oe) and highest titratable acidity (g/l). In most cases, control wines had the lowest total phenols, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanin concentrations, while CT+BT treatment had the highest ones followed by CT treatment. It was concluded that CT+BT produced wines with generally increased total phenols, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins, as well as many individual phenolic compounds. Thus, grape yield per vine seems to be strongly connected with the grape and wine compositions. The final cost-effectiveness of this canopy interventions still remains questionable.  

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