A behavioral evaluation of patient cooperation in the use of extraoral elastic and coil spring traction devices

Abstract Passive wearable exoskeletons are desirable as they can provide assistance during user movements while still maintaining a simple and low-profile design. These can be useful in industrial tasks where an ergonomic device could aid in load lifting without inconveniencing them and reducing fatigue and stress in the lower limbs. The SpringExo is a coil-spring design that aids in knee extension. In this paper, we describe the muscle activation of the knee flexors and extensors from seven healthy participants during repeated squats. The outcome measures are the timings of the key events during squat, flexion angle, muscle activation of rectus femoris and bicep femoris, and foot pressure characteristics of the participants. These outcome measures assess the possible effects of the device during lifting operations where reduced effort in the muscles is desired during ascent phase of the squat, without changing the knee and foot kinematics. The results show that the SpringExo significantly decreased rectus femoris activation during ascent (−2%) without significantly affecting either the bicep femoris or rectus femoris muscle activations in descent. This implies that the user could perform a descent without added effort and ascent with reduced effort. The exoskeleton showed other effects on the biomechanics of the user, increasing average squat time (+0.02 s) and maximum squat time (+0.1 s), and decreasing average knee flexion angle (−4°). The exoskeleton has no effect on foot loading or placement, that is, the user did not have to revise their stance while using the device.

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Use of capnography for prediction of obstruction severity in non-intubated COPD and asthma patients

Respiratory Research ◽

10.1186/s12931-021-01747-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Barak Pertzov ◽

Michal Ronen ◽

Dror Rosengarten ◽

Dorit Shitenberg ◽

Moshe Heching ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Airway Obstruction ◽

Medical Center ◽

Point Of Care ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Essential Information ◽

Copd Patients ◽

Asthma Patients ◽

Patient Cooperation ◽

Patient Groups

Abstract Background Capnography waveform contains essential information regarding physiological characteristics of the airway and thus indicative of the level of airway obstruction. Our aim was to develop a capnography-based, point-of-care tool that can estimate the level of obstruction in patients with asthma and COPD. Methods Two prospective observational studies conducted between September 2016 and May 2018 at Rabin Medical Center, Israel, included healthy, asthma and COPD patient groups. Each patient underwent spirometry test and continuous capnography, as part of, either methacholine challenge test for asthma diagnosis or bronchodilator reversibility test for asthma and COPD routine evaluation. Continuous capnography signal, divided into single breaths waveforms, were analyzed to identify waveform features, to create a predictive model for FEV1 using an artificial neural network. The gold standard for comparison was FEV1 measured with spirometry. Measurements and main results Overall 160 patients analyzed. Model prediction included 32/88 waveform features and three demographic features (age, gender and height). The model showed excellent correlation with FEV1 (R = 0.84), R2 achieved was 0.7 with mean square error of 0.13. Conclusion In this study we have developed a model to evaluate FEV1 in asthma and COPD patients. Using this model, as a point-of-care tool, we can evaluate the airway obstruction level without reliance on patient cooperation. Moreover, continuous FEV1 monitoring can identify disease fluctuations, response to treatment and guide therapy. Trial registration clinical trials.gov, NCT02805114. Registered 17 June 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02805114

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Child Life Reduces Distress and Pain and Improves Family Satisfaction in the Pediatric Emergency Department

Clinical Pediatrics ◽

10.1177/0009922818798386 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 57 (13) ◽

pp. 1567-1575 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Natasha Sanchez Cristal ◽

Jennifer Staab ◽

Rachel Chatham ◽

Sarah Ryan ◽

Brian Mcnair ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Pediatric Trauma ◽

Family Satisfaction ◽

Pediatric Emergency ◽

Child Life ◽

Convenience Sample ◽

Patient Cooperation ◽

To Receive ◽

Pain Rating Scale

This study evaluated the effects of Certified Child Life Specialist (CCLS) intervention on pediatric distress and pain and family satisfaction during routine peripheral intravenous (PIV) line placement in the emergency department (ED). A convenience sample of 78 children (3-13 years) requiring PIV placement for their treatment at a regional level 1 pediatric trauma center ED with 70 000 annual visits were selected to receive either standard nursing care or CCLS intervention for PIV placement. CCLS involvement was associated with fewer negative emotional behaviors as indicated by a lower score on the Children’s Emotional Manifestation Scale (−3.37 ± 1.49, P = .027), a reduction in self-reported pain on the Wong-Baker Faces pain rating scale (−1.107 ± 0.445, P = .017), an increase in parent-reported patient cooperation during PIV placement, and greater satisfaction with the ED visit. This study demonstrates that Child Life can have an impact on important outcomes in the pediatric ED such as distress, pain, and visit satisfaction.

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The effect of droperidol on objective markers of patient cooperation and vital signs during esophagogastroduodenoscopy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, prospective investigation

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ◽

10.1016/s0016-5107(95)70242-3 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 45-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

James S. Barthel ◽

John B. Marshall ◽

Paul D. King ◽

S.A. Afridi ◽

Linda G. Gibb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vital Signs ◽

Double Blind ◽

Double Blind Placebo ◽

Patient Cooperation ◽

Prospective Investigation

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PP2. Patient Cooperation During General Anesthesia for Carotid Endarterectomy. A Third Anesthetic Option

Journal of Vascular Surgery ◽

10.1016/j.jvs.2009.02.031 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. S14

Author(s):

Carlo Pratesi ◽

Sergio Bevilacqua ◽

Stefano Romagnoli ◽

Francesco Ciappi ◽

walter dorigo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Anesthesia ◽

Carotid Endarterectomy ◽

Patient Cooperation

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Effect of Rail Vehicle–Track Coupled Dynamics on Fatigue Failure of Coil Spring in a Suspension System

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11062650 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 2650

Author(s):

Sunil Kumar Sharma ◽

Rakesh Chandmal Sharma ◽

Jaesun Lee

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Fatigue Fracture ◽

Suspension System ◽

Railway Vehicle ◽

Coil Spring ◽

Internal Resonances ◽

Rail Vehicle ◽

Rail Vehicles ◽

Stress Result ◽

Wheel Track

In a rail vehicle, fatigue fracture causes a significant number of failures in the coil spring of the suspension system. In this work, the origin of these failures is examined by studying the rail wheel–track interaction, the modal analysis of the coil springs and the stresses induced during operation. The spring is tested experimentally, and a mathematical model is developed to show its force vs. displacement characteristics. A vertical 10-degree-of-freedom (DOF) mathematical model of a full-scale railway vehicle is developed, showing the motions of the car body, bogies and wheelsets, which are then combined with a track. The springs show internal resonances at nearly 50–60 Hz, where significant stresses are induced in them. From the stress result, the weakest position in the innerspring is identified and a few guidelines are proposed for the reduction of vibration and stress in rail vehicles.

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