Effects of age on delta and REM sleep parameters

1989 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy L. Ehlers ◽  
David J. Kupfer
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Sleep Parameters

601 Comparison of Sleep Parameters in Children with Achondroplasia and Trisomy 21

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A236-A237
Author(s):  
Jodi Gustave ◽  
Kaelyn Gaza ◽  
Jennifer Marriner ◽  
Seema Rani ◽  
Abigail Strang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Trisomy 21 ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Sleep Architecture ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Arousal Index ◽  
Sleep Parameters

Abstract Introduction Children with achondroplasia and Trisomy 21 (T21) have increased incidence of sleep disturbances including sleep disordered breathing. Abnormal sleep architecture has been documented in children with T21. It is important to continue to analyze sleep parameters in both groups since poor sleep quality is associated with neurocognitive impairment. Methods Following IRB approval, we performed a retrospective chart review of patients at Nemours/A.I. duPont Hospital for Children in Wilmington, DE with achondroplasia and T21 who underwent an initial polysomnogram (PSG) between 2015 and 2020. We compared sleep architecture parameters between the groups including sleep efficiency, total sleep time (TST), sleep latency, arousal index and concentration of N3 and REM sleep. Results In patients with achondroplasia (n=49, mean age 5.8 months and 63.3% male), 12% reported restless sleep. PSG data revealed TST of 392 minutes, mean sleep efficiency of 82%, mean sleep latency of 9.4 min, mean arousal index of 40, 22% REM sleep and 32% N3 sleep. In the patients with T21 (n=32, mean age 17.8 months and 50% male), 59% reported restless sleep. PSG data revealed TST of 393 minutes, mean sleep efficiency of 82%, mean sleep latency of 14 minutes, arousal index of 35, 15% REM sleep and 40% N3 sleep. The differences in REM and N3 sleep between the two groups were statistically significant (p-values of 0.001 and 0.04, respectively), but the differences in arousal index, TST and sleep efficiency were not. Conclusion Our study showed that children with T21 subjectively noted more restless sleep compared to patients with achondroplasia although TST and sleep efficiency were similar. Patients with achondroplasia had a higher arousal index that was not statistically significant. Children with achondroplasia had a shorter sleep latency and more robust REM concentration, likely due to their younger age. There was a higher concentration of N3 sleep in patients with T21. This is likely due to the decrease in REM concentration. In conclusion, it is important to establish expected sleep parameters in patients with achondroplasia and T21 to maximize sleep quality and mitigate negative neurocognitive effects of poor sleep. Support (if any):

scholarly journals Association Between Amyloid Accumulation and Sleep in Patients With Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanul Lee ◽  
Hyunjin Cho ◽  
Yeong Sim Choe ◽  
Sang Won Seo ◽  
Eun Yeon Joo
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Amyloid Accumulation ◽  
Sleep Parameters

Background and Objectives: Amyloid-beta protein may lead to sleep disturbance and eventually develop cognitive impairment. Idiopathic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is a predictor of neurodegeneration, yet there have been limited studies evaluating the relationship between cognitive decline and amyloid accumulation in iRBD patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical and sleep characteristics of iRBD patients and its association with amyloid deposition.Methods: We enroll 23 iRBD patients (mean age, 65.8 years; male, 73.9%), and their mean history of clinically suspected RBD was 6.5 years. All underwent 18F-flutemetamol amyloid PET completed polysomnography (PSG) and questionnaires. Patients were classified into two groups according to amyloid deposition as amyloid positive and negative. Clinical and sleep parameters were compared between groups and were correlated with amyloid deposition, calculated as a standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR).Results: Four patients (17.4%) were revealed to be amyloid positive, and they showed increased percentage of wake after sleep onset (WASO), stage N1, and stage N2 sleep and worse on the Stroop Word Color Test compared to amyloid negative patients. Global SUVR was correlated with total sleep time, sleep efficiency, WASO, and N1 sleep, and these sleep parameters were associated with a part of default mode network of brains such as orbitofrontal, dorsolateral pre-frontal, and left temporal areas.Conclusion: iRBD patients with amyloid deposition have worse sleep quality than patients without amyloid. Relationship between fragmented sleep and amyloid deposition in the default mode network may be crucial to elucidate the disease progress of iRBD.

The value of REM sleep parameters in differentiating Alzheimer's disease from old-age depression and normal aging

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dykierek ◽  
G. Stadtmüller ◽  
P. Schramma ◽  
M. Bahro ◽  
D. van Calker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
Old Age Depression

scholarly journals 0575 Sleep Monitoring with a Single Channel EEG Recorder in Patients with Psychiatric Disorders

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A220-A221
Author(s):  
S Miyata ◽  
K Iwamoto ◽  
M Banno ◽  
Y Ito ◽  
A Noda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Invasive Technique ◽  
Sleep Monitoring ◽  
Sleep Parameters

Abstract Introduction The gold standard of sleep measurement has been laboratory polysomnography (PSG). However, electrodes and cables can cause discomfort, and exposure to an unfamiliar environment can cause the “first-night effect.” Difficulty falling asleep or maintaining sleep, poor sleep quality, and nightmares are some of the key clinical symptoms observed among individuals with psychiatric disorders. Those suffering from sleep disorders often present with symptoms of discontent with regard to sleep quality, timing, and quantity, and these symptoms have an adverse impact on function and quality of life. A minimally invasive technique would be preferable in patients with psychiatric disorders, who tend to be sensitive to environmental change. Accordingly, we evaluated the performance of a single-channel electroencephalography (EEG)-based sleep monitoring system in patients with psychiatric disorders. Methods Fifty-nine patients undergoing PSG were enrolled in this study. Single-channel EEG sleep monitoring was performed simultaneously with PSG. PSG and the EEG recordings were used to evaluate sleep parameters, such as total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, light sleep (stages N1 and N2), and deep sleep (stage N3). Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the agreement on sleep parameters and attributing factors to the inaccuracies of the single-channel EEG recording. Results TST, sleep efficiency, REM sleep duration, and non-REM sleep duration of the single-channel EEG-based sleep monitoring showed a significant correlation with those of PSG. Lower sleep efficiency, a decrease in REM sleep, and increases in waking after sleep onset, arousal index, and apnea/hypopnea index were associated with the difference of sleep parameters between the two methods. Conclusion Among patients with psychiatric disorders who are sensitive to environmental change single-channel EEG sleep monitoring would be a useful technique to objectively evaluate sleep quality. Support Collaboration study with The KAITEKI Institute, Inc.

scholarly journals Sleep of Children with High Potentialities: A Polysomnographic Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Guignard-Perret ◽  
Marine Thieux ◽  
Aurore Guyon ◽  
Stephanie Mazza ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Nocturnal Sleep ◽  
Clinical Routine ◽  
Sleep Complaints ◽  
Intellectual Quotient ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Intellectual Potential

The involvement of sleep in cognitive functioning is well known, but only a few studies have examined objective sleep parameters in children with high intellectual potential (HP). The main objective of this study was to compare sleep characteristics of 33 children with high intellectual potentialities (HP) (median 10 years old, 64% of boys) compared to 25 controls (median 11 years old, 64% of boys) and assess the difference between children with a homogeneous vs. a heterogeneous intelligence quotient (IQ) (i.e., a difference ≥15 points between verbal and non-verbal IQ). All children underwent a one-night polysomnography, an evaluation of intellectual quotient (IQ) and filled standardized questionnaires. Using non-parametric tests to compare groups’ characteristics, we found that children with HP had more heterogeneous IQ, more rapid eyes movement (REM) sleep and tended to have less stage 1 sleep than controls. They also had more insomnia and sleep complaints. The high amount of REM sleep in children with HP could be advantageous for learning and could partially explain their gift. This study highlights the necessity of investigating sleep disorders in children with HP during clinical routine and reinforces the hypothesis of the involvement of nocturnal sleep, and especially REM sleep, in daytime cognition and behavior.

scholarly journals Effect of TAAR1/5-HT1A agonist SEP-363856 on REM sleep in humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth C. Hopkins ◽  
Nina Dedic ◽  
Kenneth S. Koblan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Dose Selection ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Sleep Parameters

AbstractSEP-363856 is a trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) and 5-hydroxytryptamine type 1A (5-HT1A) agonist, currently in Phase 3 clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia. Although SEP-363856 activates TAAR1 and 5-HT1A receptors in vitro, an accessible marker of time- and concentration-dependent effects of SEP-363856 in humans is lacking. In rodents, SEP-363856 has been shown to suppress rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The aim of the current study was to translate the REM sleep effects to humans and determine pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationships of SEP-363856 on a measure of brain activity. The effects of SEP-363856 were evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-way crossover study of single oral doses (50 and 10 mg) on REM sleep in healthy male subjects (N = 12 at each dose level). Drug concentrations were sampled during sleep to interpolate individual subject’s pharmacokinetic trajectories. SEP-363856 suppressed REM sleep parameters with very large effect sizes (>3) following single doses of 50 mg and plasma concentrations ≥100 ng/mL. Below that effective concentration, the 10 mg dose elicited much smaller effects, increasing only the latency to REM sleep (effect size = 1). The PK/PD relationships demonstrated that REM sleep probability increased as drug concentrations declined below 100 ng/mL over the course of the night. SEP-363856 was generally safe and well tolerated at both doses. The REM sleep-suppressing effects of SEP-363856 provide an accessible marker of brain activity, which can aid in dose selection and help elucidate its therapeutic potential in further clinical trials.

Effects of COX-2 Inhibitor in Temporomandibular Joint Acute Inflammation

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.C.B. Schütz ◽  
M.L. Andersen ◽  
S. Tufik
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Sleep Latency ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
Freund’S Adjuvant ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Freund's Adjuvant

Since it is recognized that cyclo-oxygenase-2 mediates nociception and the sleep-wake cycle as well, and that acute inflammation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) results in sleep disturbances, we hypothesized that cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor would restore the sleep pattern in this inflammatory rat model. First, sleep was monitored after the injection of Freund’s adjuvant (FA group) or saline (SHAM group) into the rats’ temporomandibular joint. Second, etoricoxib was co-administered in these groups. The Freund’s adjuvant group showed a reduction in sleep efficiency, in rapid eye movement (REM), and in non-REM sleep, and an increase in sleep and REM sleep latency when compared with the SHAM group, while etoricoxib substantially increased sleep quality in the Freund’s adjuvant group. These parameters returned progressively to those found in the SHAM group. Etoricoxib improved the sleep parameters, suggesting the involvement of the cyclo-oxygenase-2 enzyme in acute inflammation of the TMJ, specifically in REM sleep.

scholarly journals 0118 Improved Working Memory is Related to Non-REM Delta Activity in Control but Not PTSD Participants

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A46-A47
Author(s):  
A D LaGoy ◽  
R Kaskie ◽  
C Connaboy ◽  
S Laxinarayan ◽  
J Reifman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Sleep Stage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Delta Activity ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Daytime Function ◽  
Ptsd Group

Abstract Introduction Individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience altered sleep and daytime function, including deficits in working memory (WM), the ability to store and manipulate information over short timeframes. As sleep contributes to WM, understanding how sleep parameters influence changes in WM may provide insight into potential intervention targets to improve or restore daytime function. Here, we investigated the relationship between sleep and WM improvement in Veterans with and without PTSD. Methods Forty-eight post-911 Veterans without PTSD (Control) and 37 with PTSD (PTSD) completed a 48-hour lab stay during which WM was assessed using a n-back task. Nighttime polysomnography, using high-density (64-channels) electroencephalography, quantified time spent in non-REM and REM sleep and log-transformed spectral activity for non-REM sleep in delta (.5-4Hz), theta (4-8Hz), alpha (8-12Hz), sigma (12-16Hz), and beta (16-32Hz) bands. Pearson’s correlations were used to assess associations between baseline sleep and baseline WM on 1-back trials. Within control and PTSD groups, independent samples t-tests were used to compare changes in sleep across nights between improvers and non-improvers categorized by 1-back accuracy changes across days. Results Proportions of improvers and non-improvers were similar between groups (χ 2 = .023, p = .880). Within either group, baseline sleep did not relate to baseline WM and changes in time spent in each sleep stage did not differ between improvers and non-improvers. Within the control group, improvers (n = 15; 3.67 ± 3.56) had a greater increase (t = -2.826, p = .007) in delta activity than non-improvers (n = 33; .77 ± 3.20), but this relationship was not observed in the PTSD group (11 improvers, 26 non-improvers). Conclusion Increased delta activity related to improved WM in the Control but not PTSD group. This suggests individuals with PTSD do not improve WM through non-REM sleep but that it may be a useful intervention target. Support USAMRMC MOMRP PT-130572 (PI: Reifman)

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