Heavy water tracing test in the underground coal gasification process at Thulin

Fuel ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 1454-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Dufaux ◽  
Bénédicte Gaveau ◽  
René Létolle ◽  
Marc Mostade ◽  
Marianne Noël ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Water ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Tracing Test ◽  
Water Tracing

scholarly journals Changes in properties of tar obtained during underground coal gasification process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Wiatowski ◽  
Roksana Muzyka ◽  
Krzysztof Kapusta ◽  
Maciej Chrubasik
Keyword(s):  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Coke Oven ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
Process Gas ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Product Separator

AbstractIn this study, the composition of tars collected during a six-day underground coal gasification (UCG) test at the experimental mine ‘Barbara’ in Poland in 2013 was examined. During the test, tar samples were taken every day from the liquid product separator and analysed by the methods used for testing properties of typical coke oven (coal) tar. The obtained results were compared with each other and with the data for coal tar. As gasification progressed, a decreasing trend in the water content and an increasing trend in the ash content were observed. The tars tested were characterized by large changes in the residue after coking and content of parts insoluble in toluene and by smaller fluctuations in the content of parts insoluble in quinoline. All tested samples were characterized by very high distillation losses, while for samples starting from the third day of gasification, a clear decrease in losses was visible. A chromatographic analysis showed that there were no major differences in composition between the tested tars and that none of the tar had a dominant component such as naphthalene in coal tar. The content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in UCG tars is several times lower than that in coal tar. No light monoaromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes—BTEX) were found in the analysed tars, which results from the fact that these compounds, due to their high volatility, did not separate from the process gas in the liquid product separator.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Water Contaminants from Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) Process—Effect of Coal Properties and Gasification Pressure

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6533
Author(s):  
Magdalena Pankiewicz-Sperka ◽  
Krzysztof Kapusta ◽  
Wioleta Basa ◽  
Katarzyna Stolecka
Keyword(s):  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Volatile Phenols ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Physicochemical Composition ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Anthracite Coal ◽  
Coal Properties

One of the most important issues during UCG process is wastewater production and treatment. Condensed gasification wastewater is contaminated by many hazardous compounds. The composition of the generated UCG-derived wastewater may vary depending on the type of gasified coal and conditions of the gasification process. The main purpose of this study was a qualitative and quantitative characterization of the UCG wastewater produced during four different UCG experiments. Experiments were conducted using semi-anthracite and bituminous coal samples at two distinct pressures, i.e., 20 and 40 bar. The conducted studies revealed significant relationships between the physicochemical composition of the wastewater and the coal properties as well as the gasification pressure. The strongest impact is noticeable in the case of organic pollutants, especially phenols, BTEX and PAH’s. The most abundant group of pollutants were phenols. Conducted studies showed significantly higher concentration levels for bituminous coal: 29.25–49.5 mg/L whereas for semi-anthracite effluents these concentrations were in much lower range 2.1–29.7 mg/L. The opposite situation occurs for BTEX, higher concentrations were in wastewater from semi-anthracite gasification: 5483.1–1496.7 µg/L, while in samples from bituminous coal gasification average BTEX concentrations were: 2514.3–1354.4 µg/L. A similar relationship occurs for the PAH’s concentrations. The higher values were in case of wastewater from semi-anthracite coal experiments and were in range 362–1658 µg/L while from bituminous coal gasification PAH’s values are in lower ranges 407–1090 µg/L. The studies conducted have shown that concentrations of phenols, BTEX and PAH’s decrease with increasing pressure. Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to enhance the interpretation of the obtained experimental data and showed a very strong relationship between three parameters: phenols, volatile phenols and CODcr.

Characteristics of "Three Zones" during Underground Coal Gasification

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Liu ◽  
Hong Yao ◽  
Kai Yao ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Guang Qian Luo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Gas Composition ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Reduction Zone ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Dry Distillation ◽  
Major Chemical

According to the temperature, major chemical reactions and gas compositions, the gasification process along the tunnel of underground coal gasification is divided into three zones, i.e. oxidation zone, reduction zone and dry distillation zone. A model test in the laboratory was carried out by using large-scale coal blocks to simulate the coal seam. The characteristics of the “three zones”, and the relation between the temperature and gas composition were also quantitative studied. It provided the necessary basic knowledge for further studying the process of underground coal gasification, including predicting compositions of product gas, life-cycle analyzing, selecting optimistic control parameters and determining suitable gasification craft.

The Exergy Underground Coal Gasification Technology as a Source of Superior Fuel for Power Generation

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Blinderman
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Product Gas ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Industrial Projects ◽  
Fossil Fuel Power Plants

Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) is a gasification process carried on in non-mined coal seams using injection and production wells drilled from the surface, converting coal in situ into a product gas usable for chemical processes and power generation. The UCG process developed, refined and practiced by Ergo Exergy Technologies is called the Exergy UCG Technology or εUCG® Technology. The εUCG technology is being applied in numerous power generation and chemical projects worldwide. These include power projects in South Africa (1,200 MWe), India (750 MWe), Pakistan, and Canada, as well as chemical projects in Australia and Canada. A number of εUCG based industrial projects are now at a feasibility stage in New Zealand, USA, and Europe. An example of εUCG application is the Chinchilla Project in Australia where the technology demonstrated continuous, consistent production of commercial quantities of quality fuel gas for over 30 months. The project is currently targeting a 24,000 barrel per day synthetic diesel plant based on εUCG syngas supply. The εUCG technology has demonstrated exceptional environmental performance. The εUCG methods and techniques of environmental management are an effective tool to ensure environmental protection during an industrial application. A εUCG-IGCC power plant will generate electricity at a much lower cost than existing or proposed fossil fuel power plants. CO2 emissions of the plant can be reduced to a level 55% less than those of a supercritical coal-fired plant and 25% less than the emissions of NG CC.

scholarly journals Determination of the Extent of the Rock Destruction Zones around a Gasification Channel on the Basis of Strength Tests of Sandstone and Claystone Samples Heated at High Temperatures up to 1200 °C and Exposed to Water

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6464
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Skrzypkowski ◽  
Krzysztof Zagórski ◽  
Anna Zagórska
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Rock Destruction ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Destruction Zone ◽  
Gasification Channel

This article presents the results of laboratory tests regarding the influence of high temperatures on changes in the strength and structural parameters of rocks that are present in the immediate vicinity of a gasification channel. Sandstone and claystone samples were heated at 300 °C, 600 °C, 900 °C and 1200 °C. Additionally, the heated samples were placed in water for 24 h. The results of the laboratory tests were used in the numerical simulation using RS2 software. The main goal of modeling was to determine the extent of the rock destruction zone around the gasification channel for dry and wet rock masses. In the numerical simulations, three widths of the gasification channel and three ranges of high-temperature impact were modeled. On the basis of the obtained results, it was found that the extent of rock destruction, both in the roof and in the floor, is greater by several percent for a wet rock mass. For the first time, this research presents the effect of water on heated rock samples in terms of the underground coal gasification process. The results of laboratory tests and numerical simulations clearly indicate a reduction in strength, deformation and structural parameters for the temperature of 1200 °C.

scholarly journals Effect of Lignite Properties on Its Suitability for the Implementation of Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) in Selected Deposits

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5816
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Kapusta
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
Large Bulk

Two experimental simulations of underground coal gasification (UCG) processes, using large bulk samples of lignites, were conducted in a surface laboratory setup. Two different lignite samples were used for the oxygen-blown experiments, i.e., “Velenje” meta-lignite (Slovenia) and “Oltenia” ortho-lignite (Romania). The average moisture content of the samples was 31.6wt.% and 45.6wt.% for the Velenje and Oltenia samples, respectively. The main aim of the study was to assess the suitability of the tested lignites for the underground coal gasification process. The gas composition and its production rates, as well as the temperatures in the artificial seams, were continuously monitored during the experiments. The average calorific value of gas produced during the Velenje lignite experiment (6.4 MJ/Nm3) was much higher compared to the result obtained for the experiment with Oltenia lignite (4.8 MJ/Nm3). The Velenje lignite test was also characterized by significantly higher energy efficiency, i.e., 44.6%, compared to the gasification of Oltenia lignite (33.4%). The gasification experiments carried out showed that the physicochemical properties of the lignite used considerably affect the in situ gasification process. Research also indicates that UCG can be considered as a viable option for the extraction of lignite deposits; however, lignites with a lower moisture content and higher energy density are preferred, due to their much higher process efficiency.

scholarly journals Valorization of non-balanced coal reserves in Serbia for underground coal gasification

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (6 Part B) ◽  
pp. 4067-4081
Author(s):  
David Petrovic ◽  
Lazar Kricak ◽  
Milanka Negovanovic ◽  
Stefan Milanovic ◽  
Jovan Markovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Solar Photovoltaic ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Gas Generators ◽  
Coal Reserves

In the name of a better and safer energy future, it is our responsibility to focus our knowledge and activities to save on imported liquid and gas fossil fuels, as well as coal on which energy security of Serbia is based. The rationalization in the use of available energy resources certainly positively affects economy and the environment of a country. This paper indicates motivations for the application of the underground coal gasification process, as well as surface gasification for Serbia. The goal is to burn less coal, while simultaneously utilizing more gas from the onsite underground coal gasification, or by gasification in various types of gas generators mounted on the surface. In both cases, from the obtained gas, CO2, NOx, and other harmful gases are extracted in scrubbers. This means that further gas combustion byproducts do not pollute the atmosphere in comparison with traditional coal combustion. In addition, complete underground coal gasification power requirements could be offset by the onsite solar photovoltaic power plant, which furthermore enhances environmental concerns of the overall coal utilization.

scholarly journals Simulation of underground coal gasification process in a Bulgarian coal field

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 2090
Author(s):  
N. Koukouzas ◽  
I. Katsimpardi ◽  
D. Merachev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
World Energy ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Coal Reserves

The sustainable and environmentally friendly energy production has been a major issue of the world energy sector in recent years. Coal is a major fossil fuel that provides approximately 25% of the total energy demand worldwide; coal reserves still remain significant, although in several cases its exploitation trends to be economically marginal. Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) has been identified as a technology which can bridge the gap between energy production and environmental and financial sustainability. Several UCG trials have taken place, although, there are still questions relative to their safety, performance and applicability. To that direction, modelling can prove to be a very effective and practical tool for the prediction of the project performance and the reduction of the risk involved. UCG is a complex process which incorporates mechanical and chemical processes thus modelling is complex since it demands coupling the aforementioned processes. The current study aims at investigating the applicability of the UCG process in a Bulgarian coal site through 2D modelling. The proposed approach uses FLAC software as a modelling tool and attempts to combine thermal and mechanical effects during the gasification process. Several simulation runs have taken place in an attempt to quantify the effect of the different mechanical and thermal properties of the surrounding rocks to the UCG process, the environmental effects and the stability of the geological formations.

scholarly journals Regression Models Utilization to the Underground Temperature Determination at Coal Energy Conversion

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5444
Author(s):  
Milan Durdán ◽  
Marta Benková ◽  
Marek Laciak ◽  
Ján Kačur ◽  
Patrik Flegner
Keyword(s):  
Coal Seam ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Cavity Growth ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Cavity Growth Rate

The underground coal gasification represents a technology capable of obtaining synthetic coal gas from hard-reached coal deposits and coal beds with tectonic faults. This technology is also less expensive than conventional coal mining. The cavity is formed in the coal seam by converting coal to synthetic gas during the underground coal gasification process. The cavity growth rate and the gasification queue’s moving velocity are affected by controllable variables, i.e., the operation pressure, the gasification agent, and the laboratory coal seam geometry. These variables can be continuously measured by standard measuring devices and techniques as opposed to the underground temperature. This paper researches the possibility of the regression models utilization for temperature data prediction for this reason. Several regression models were proposed that were differed in their structures, i.e., the number and type of selected controllable variables as independent variables. The goal was to find such a regression model structure, where the underground temperature is predicted with the greatest possible accuracy. The regression model structures’ proposal was realized on data obtained from two laboratory measurements realized in the ex situ reactor. The obtained temperature data can be used for visualization of the cavity growth in the gasified coal seam.

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