Comparison of the unsaturated cuticular hydrocarbons of male and female house crickets, Acheta domesticus (L.) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Warthen ◽  
E.C. Uebel
Keyword(s):  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Male And Female

scholarly journals The Scent of Ant Brood: Caste Differences in Surface Hydrocarbons of Formica exsecta Pupae

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unni Pulliainen ◽  
Nick Bos ◽  
Patrizia d’Ettorre ◽  
Liselotte Sundström
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Chemical Communication ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Social Insects ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Chemical Stimuli ◽  
Caste Differences ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractChemical communication is common across all organisms. Insects in particular use predominantly chemical stimuli in assessing their environment and recognizing their social counterparts. One of the chemical stimuli used for recognition in social insects, such as ants, is the suite of long-chain, cuticular hydrocarbons. In addition to providing waterproofing, these surface hydrocarbons serve as a signature mixture, which ants can perceive, and use to distinguish between strangers and colony mates, and to determine caste, sex, and reproductive status of another individual. They can be both environmentally and endogenously acquired. The surface chemistry of adult workers has been studied extensively in ants, yet the pupal stage has rarely been considered. Here we characterized the surface chemistry of pupae of Formica exsecta, and examine differences among sexes, castes (reproductive vs. worker), and types of sample (developing individual vs. cocoon envelope). We found quantitative and qualitative differences among both castes and types of sample, but male and female reproductives did not differ in their surface chemistry. We also found that the pupal surface chemistry was more complex than that of adult workers in this species. These results improve our understanding of the information on which ants base recognition, and highlights the diversity of surface chemistry in social insects across developmental stages.

scholarly journals Conspecific mortality cues mediate associative learning in crickets, Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander M. Shephard ◽  
Vadim Aksenov ◽  
C. David Rollo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Associative Learning ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Mediated Learning ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Body Extract ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Aversive Behavior

Many terrestrial and aquatic animals learn associations between environmental features and chemical cues of mortality risk (e.g. conspecific alarm pheromones or predator-derived cues), but the chemical nature of the cues that mediate this type of learning are rarely considered. Fatty acid necromones (particularly oleic and linoleic acids) are well established as cues associated with dead or injured conspecifics. Necromones elicit risk aversive behavior across diverse arthropod phylogenies, yet they have not been linked to associative learning. Here, we provide evidence that necromones can mediate associative olfactory learning in an insect by acting as an aversive reinforcement. When house crickets (Achetadomesticus) were forced to inhabit an environment containing an initially attractive odor along with a necromone cue, they subsequently avoided the previously attractive odor and displayed tolerance for an initially unattractive odor. This occurred when crickets were conditioned with linoleic acid but not when they were conditioned with oleic acid. Similar aversive learning occurred when crickets were conditioned with ethanol body extracts composed of male and female corpses combined, as well as extracts composed of female corpses alone. Conditioning with male body extract did not elicit learned aversion in either sex, even though we detected no notable differences in fatty acid composition between male and female body extracts. We suggest that necromone-mediated learning responses might vary depending on synergistic or antagonistic interactions with sex or species-specific recognition cues.

VITAMIN K: A GROWTH FACTOR FOR THE HOUSE CRICKET (ORTHOPTERA: GRYLLIDAE)

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Vitamin K ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Equimolar Amount ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Inhibiting Effect ◽  
Basic Diet ◽  
Effect On Growth

AbstractVitamin K1 added to a basic diet for the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L.), significantly improves growth of male and female larvae. Growth is significantly better with 18.7 μg K1/g than it is with an equimolar amount of vitamin E. Unlike vitamin E, however, vitamin K1 is without effect on reproduction. Vitamins K3 and K5, and coumarin, have no effect or a slightly inhibiting effect on growth, and no effect on reproduction.

Incorporation of fatty acids into cuticular hydrocarbons of male and female Drosophila melanogaster

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1111-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pennanec'h ◽  
L. Bricard ◽  
G. Kunesch ◽  
J.-M. Jallon
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Male And Female

Effets d'un élevage en isolement sur le développement gonadotrope, la production d'hydrocarbures cuticulaires et le comportement sexuel de Calliphora vomitoria (Diptères, Calliphoridae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1175-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taoufiq Benziane ◽  
Mireille Campan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbon ◽  
Hydrocarbon Production ◽  
Comportement Sexuel ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Rate Of Growth ◽  
Lack Of Exercise ◽  
Lower Frequencies

Isolated rearing (during the first gonadotropic cycle) was found to modify physiological variables (gonadotropic development, cuticular hydrocarbon production) as well as behavioral modalities of the courtship of male and female Calliphora vomitoria. In males, slower development and a decrease in the volume of the testes and the annex glands were noticed; in females, there was only a reduction in the volume of the terminal follicle without modification of the rate of growth. In contrast, cuticular hydrocarbon production was more disturbed in the female than in the male. Isolated rearing of males did not change either the number or the relative proportions and concentrations of cuticular hydrocarbons. In females, isolation was accompanied by a slight increase in both the relative proportions of cuticular hydrocarbons, namely monomethyalkanes, dimethylalkanes, and alkenes, and the concentrations of all hydrocarbons. Finally, isolated rearing was found to modify the sexual behavior of both partners. Isolated males showed later and scarcer sexual behavior than grouped males. They courted females later and more briefly, with lower frequencies and shorter durations of each stage of courtship; therefore, courtship was reduced with many interruptions. Isolated females appeared more permissive, with lower frequencies and durations of the stages of courtship, and shorter courtship. These differences were emphasized when both partners were reared in isolation. The lack of exchanges during imaginal development led, owing to lack of exercise and (or) nervous maturation, to sex-specific alterations: decreased gonadotropic development in males, modified cuticular hydrocarbon production in females, and reduced sexual behavior in both sexes.

scholarly journals Genetic study of the production of sexually dimorphic cuticular hydrocarbons in relation with the sex-determination gene transformer in Drosophila melanogaster

2002 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABRICE SAVARIT ◽  
JEAN-FRANÇOIS FERVEUR
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Gal4 Expression ◽  
Sex Determination Mechanisms

In Drosophila melanogaster, the main cuticular hydrocarbons (HCs) are some of the pheromones involved in mate discrimination. These are sexually dimorphic in both their occurrence and their effects. The production of predominant HCs has been measured in male and female progeny of 220 PGal4 lines mated with the feminising UAS-transformer transgenic strain. In 45 lines, XY flies were substantially or totally feminised for their HCs. Surprisingly, XX flies of 14 strains were partially masculinised. Several of the PGal4 enhancer-trap variants screened here seem to interact with sex determination mechanisms involved in the control of sexually dimorphic characters. We also found a good relationship between the degree of HC transformation and GAL4 expression in oenocytes. The fat body was also involved in the switch of sexually dimorphic cuticular hydrocarbons but its effect was different between the sexes.

scholarly journals Limited evidence for learning in a shuttle box paradigm in crickets (Acheta domesticus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-161
Author(s):  
Kiri Li N. Stauch ◽  
Riley J. Wincheski ◽  
Jonathan Albers ◽  
Timothy E. Black ◽  
Michael S. Reichert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Aversive Learning ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Learning Abilities ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Shuttle Box ◽  
Shock Location ◽  
Shock Grid

Aversive learning has been studied in a variety of species, such as honey bees, mice, and non-human primates. Since aversive learning has been found in some invertebrates and mammals, it will be interesting to know if this ability is shared with crickets. This paper provides data on aversive learning in male and female house crickets (Acheta domesticus) using a shuttle box apparatus. Crickets are an ideal subject for these experiments due to their well-documented learning abilities in other contexts and their readily quantifiable behaviors. The shuttle box involves a two-compartment shock grid in which a ‘master’ cricket can learn to avoid the shock by moving to specific designated locations, while a paired yoked cricket is shocked regardless of its location and therefore cannot learn. Baseline control crickets were placed in the same device as the experimental crickets but did not receive a shock. Male and female master crickets demonstrated some aversive learning, as indicated by spending more time than expected by chance in the correct (no shock) location during some parts of the experiment, although there was high variability in performance. These results suggest that there is limited evidence that the house crickets in this experiment learned how to avoid the shock. Further research with additional stimuli and other cricket species should be conducted to determine if house crickets and other species of crickets exhibit aversive learning.

Temperature affects the ontogeny of sexually dimorphic cuticular hydrocarbons in Drosophila melanogaster

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (20) ◽  
pp. 3241-3249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Savarit ◽  
Jean-François Ferveur
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Mate Recognition ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Shock Pulse ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Transgenic Strains

SUMMARY Hydrocarbons on the cuticle of mature Drosophila melanogasterflies play a crucial role in mate recognition, and protect against dehydration. We measured the effect of temperature on mature cuticular hydrocarbons (CHs) by (i) rearing two control strains at different temperatures, (ii) shifting the temperature after metamorphosis and (iii)inducing a single heat-shock pulse in control and heat-sensitive transgenic strains, over a period of 3 days following adult eclosion. This study describes the time course of the events involved in the production of male-and female-predominant CHs. We also found that `immature' CHs, sexually monomorphic CHs on younger flies, were not affected by these treatments.

Analysis of cuticular hydrocarbons in two Anagrus species (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) as a tool to improve their correct identification

2006 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Floreani ◽  
Francesco Pavan ◽  
Francesco Nazzi
Keyword(s):  
Vitis Vinifera ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbons ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Cuticular Hydrocarbon ◽  
The Other ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Morphometrical Analysis

AbstractMale and female adult wasps belonging to the atomus group of the genus Anagrus Haliday, classified according to morphological techniques, were analyzed for their cuticular hydrocarbons to detect any possible differences between species. Most female specimens that were identified as either A. atomus L. or A. ustulatus Haliday, using morphological and morphometrical characters, showed two distinct cuticular hydrocarbon profiles. These profiles seemed to be independent of the plants the insects were collected from, the potential leafhopper host species (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and the emergence period, and they were largely consistent with classification based on morphology. Both A. atomus and A. ustulatus females were shown to emerge from leafhopper eggs found on Vitis vinifera L. (Vitaceae). Males, for which conclusive diagnostic characters are not yet available, showed the same two cuticular hydrocarbon patterns observed in females; on average, specimens displaying one hydrocarbon profile differed from those showing the other profile in three characters used for morphometrical analysis.

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