Competitive antagonism of nitric oxide synthetase causes weight loss in mice

Life Sciences ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 51 (16) ◽  
pp. 1285-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Morley ◽  
James F. Flood
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthetase ◽  
Competitive Antagonism

Effect of competitive antagonism of NO synthetase on weight and food intake in obese and diabetic mice

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (1) ◽  
pp. R164-R168 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Morley ◽  
J. F. Flood
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthetase ◽  
Competitive Antagonism

Recent studies have suggested a role for nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of food intake. The present studies were undertaken to examine the effects of the administration of a nitric oxide synthetase inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), on food intake and weight loss. Two genetically obese mice, the ob/ob and db/db strains, and their lean heterozygote littermate controls, ob/c and db/c, served as subjects. In the first experiment, we demonstrated that L-NAME (100 micrograms/kg) given twice over a feeding period of 7 h/day produced a small but significant weight loss in ob/ob mice but not in their lean-genotype controls (P < 0.05). In the second experiment, a higher dose of L-NAME (100 mg/kg), given twice daily, produced a marked effect on body weight, with the ob/ob mice losing approximately 10% of their body weight in 9 days. The ob/c mice showed a lesser decrease in body weight. Food intake was decreased on all 9 days in the ob/ob mice (P < 0.01). A small decrease in body weight and food intake was seen in db/db and db/c mice receiving L-NAME. These studies provide further evidence for a role of nitric oxide in the modulation of food intake and weight gain.

scholarly journals Improved blood pressure, nitric oxide and asymmetric dimethylarginine are independent after bariatric surgery

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Patle ◽  
S Dubb ◽  
J Alaghband-Zadeh ◽  
R A Sherwood ◽  
F Tam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Endogenous Inhibitor ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Plasma Adma ◽  
Adma Concentration

Background Obesity is associated with hypertension, but the exact mechanism is not fully understood. Bariatric surgery significantly decreases weight and blood pressure (BP). Low plasma nitric oxide (NO) and raised asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of NO, concentrations are associated with both obesity and hypertension. Correlations between the changes in these parameters were studied after bariatric surgery. Methods Weight, BP, plasma ADMA and NO were measured in 29 obese patients (24 female, 5 male) before and six weeks after bariatric surgery. Results Patients were 39.2 ± 1.2 (mean ± SEM) years old and weighed 126 ± 3 kg. Six weeks after the surgery, patients had lost 10 ± 0.7 kg ( P < 0.0001) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased by 11 ± 1.0 mmHg ( P < 0.0001). The plasma ADMA concentration decreased by 24 ± 2% from 5 ± 0.4 to 4.0 ± 0.3 μmol/L ( P < 0.0001). The plasma total nitrite concentration increased by 15 ± 1% from 51.4 ± 2.6 to 60 ± 3 μmol/L ( P < 0.0001). The correlation between the decrease of ADMA and increase of NO subsequent to weight loss was significant ( P < 0.0001). However, MAP was not correlated to the changes in ADMA or NO. Conclusions After bariatric surgery, beneficial changes in BP, NO and ADMA occur, but our findings suggest that these BP changes are independent of changes in the NO–ADMA axis. Other causes for the changes in BP should therefore be considered.

scholarly journals Long-term cinnamon consumption improves postoperative recovery of liver resection surgery in aged rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-65
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Hepatic Resection ◽  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Sprague Dawley

Introduction: Aging undoubtedly is associated with organ function failure and affects medical/surgical treatments. Free radicals are considered as one of the most common causes of senescence. Liver damage frequently occurs by advance age. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) is one of the well-known spices in the world tend its antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects have been approved. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of cinnamon consumption on the recovery of partial hepatectomy. Methods and materials: In this experimental study, thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats (57 weeks) randomly divided into two equal groups; control (normal diet) and cinnamon (received diet with 1% cinnamon by weight) for 45 weeks. Then, partial hepatectomy (30% of total liver weight) was performed. (Blood collection and weighting were performed prior to hepatectomy and on the 2nd, 10th, and 28th days after the operation. The concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites (NOx), malondialdehyde (MDA), insulin, and glucose were assayed in serum. Results: The results showed that cinnamon consumption prevented postoperative weight loss. The cinnamon was significantly lowered serum MDA concentration 48 hours after hepatectomy as well as it significantly decreased weight loss due to partial hepatectomy on 2nd day after surgery. Change in serum NOx (% of no surgery animals) was dramatically increased following cinnamon consumption on the 2nd and 28th days after surgery. However, cinnamon did not affect serum glucose and insulin concentration. Conclusion: cinnamon improved postoperative outcomes after hepatic resection in rats by attenuation oxidative stress as well as nitric oxide content. It might be considered as a useful dietary recommendation for elderly patients with hepatic resection.

Effect of purified Xuefu Capsule on endothelin, nitric oxide synthetase gene expression of vascular wall in atherosclerotic rabbits

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-125
Author(s):  
Dazhuo Shi ◽  
Keji Chen ◽  
Qunhao Zhang ◽  
Pei Zhong ◽  
Yingbao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthetase

scholarly journals Vitamin D Improves Nitric Oxide-Dependent Vasodilation in Adipose Tissue Arterioles from Bariatric Surgery Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer M. Mahmoud ◽  
Mary Szczurek ◽  
Chandra Hassan ◽  
Mario Masrur ◽  
Antonio Gangemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
No Production ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Time Of Surgery ◽  
Post Surgery

There is a high prevalence of vitamin-D deficiency in obese individuals that could be attributed to vitamin-D sequestration in the adipose tissue. Associations between vitamin-D deficiency and unfavorable cardiometabolic outcomes were reported. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms behind these associations are yet to be established. In our previous studies, we demonstrated microvascular dysfunction in obese adults that was associated with reduced nitric oxide (NO) production. Herein, we examined the role of vitamin D in mitigating microvascular function in morbidly obese adults before and after weight loss surgery. We obtained subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) biopsies from bariatric patients at the time of surgery (n = 15) and gluteal SAT samples three months post-surgery (n = 8). Flow-induced dilation (FID) and acetylcholine-induced dilation (AChID) and NO production were measured in the AT-isolated arterioles ± NO synthase inhibitor N(ω)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) inhibitor, polyethylene glycol-modified catalase (PEG-CAT), or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Vitamin D improved FID, AChID, and NO production in AT-isolated arterioles at time of surgery; these effects were abolished by L-NAME but not by PEG-CAT. Vitamin-D-mediated improvements were of a higher magnitude in VAT compared to SAT arterioles. After surgery, significant improvements in FID, AChID, NO production, and NO sensitivity were observed. Vitamin-D-induced changes were of a lower magnitude compared to those from the time of surgery. In conclusion, vitamin D improved NO-dependent arteriolar vasodilation in obese adults; this effect was more significant before surgery-induced weight loss.

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