Visualization of in vitro percutaneous penetration of mercuric chloride; transport through intercellular space versus cellular uptake through desmosomes

<div><div><div><p>The emergence of viral nanotechnology over the preceding two decades has created a number of intellectually captivating possible translational applications; however, the in vitro fate of the viral nanoparticles in cells remains an open question. Herein, we investigate the stability and lifetime of virus-like particle (VLP) Qβ - a representative and popular VLP for several applications - following cellular uptake. By exploiting the available functional handles on the viral surface, we have orthogonally installed the known FRET pair, FITC and Rhodamine B, to gain insight of the particle’s behavior in vitro. Based on these data, we believe VLPs undergo aggregation in addition to the anticipated proteolysis within a few hours of cellular uptake.</p></div></div></div>

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In Vitro and In Vivo Measurement of Percutaneous Penetration of Low Molecular Weight Toxins of Military Interest

10.21236/ada206485 ◽

1989 ◽

Author(s):

B. W. Kemppainen ◽

M. Mehta ◽

R. G. Stafford ◽

R. T. Riley ◽

C. R. Clark

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Percutaneous Penetration ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

In Vivo Measurement

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Recent Advances in Curcumin Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Different Types of Cancer with Special Emphasis on In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Cellular Uptake Studies

Nanoscience &Nanotechnology-Asia ◽

10.2174/2210681209666190417144126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 577-590

Author(s):

Jai B. Sharma ◽

Shailendra Bhatt ◽

Asmita Sharma ◽

Manish Kumar

Keyword(s):

Cancer Cells ◽

Cellular Uptake ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Targeted Delivery ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Curcumin Nanoparticles ◽

Cytotoxicity Studies ◽

Delivery Technique ◽

Different Types

Background: The potential use of nanocarriers is being explored rapidly for the targeted delivery of anticancer agents. Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound obtained from rhizomes of turmeric, belongs to family Zingiberaceae. It possesses chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic activity with low toxicity in almost all types of cancer. The low solubility and bioavailability of curcumin make it unable to use for the clinical purpose. The necessity of an effective strategy to overcome the limitations of curcumin is responsible for the development of its nanocarriers. Objective: This study is aimed to review the role of curcumin nanocarriers for the treatment of cancer with special emphasis on cellular uptake and in vitro cytotoxicity studies. In addition to this, the effect of various ligand conjugated curcumin nanoparticles on different types of cancer was also studied. Methods: A systematic review was conducted by extensively surfing the PubMed, science direct and other portals to get the latest update on recent development in nanocarriers of curcumin. Results: The current data from recent studies showed that nanocarriers of curcumin resulted in the targeted delivery, higher efficacy, enhanced bioavailability and lower toxicity. The curcumin nanoparticles showed significant inhibitory effects on cancer cells as compared to free curcumin. Conclusion: It can be concluded that bioavailability of curcumin and its cytotoxic effect to cancer cells can be enhanced by the development of curcumin based nanocarriers and it was found to be a potential drug delivery technique for the treatment of cancer.

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In Vitro Cellular Uptake Studies of Self-Assembled Fluorinated Nanoparticles Labelled with Antibodies

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11081906 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1906

Author(s):

Mona Atabakhshi-Kashi ◽

Mónica Carril ◽

Hossein Mahdavi ◽

Wolfgang J. Parak ◽

Carolina Carrillo-Carrion ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flow Cytometry ◽

Cellular Uptake ◽

Hydrophobic Interactions ◽

Intrinsic Properties ◽

Wide Range ◽

Self Assembled ◽

Uptake Studies ◽

Targeting Ability ◽

Fluorinated Nanoparticles

Nanoparticles (NPs) functionalized with antibodies (Abs) on their surface are used in a wide range of bioapplications. Whereas the attachment of antibodies to single NPs to trigger the internalization in cells via receptor-mediated endocytosis has been widely studied, the conjugation of antibodies to larger NP assemblies has been much less explored. Taking into account that NP assemblies may be advantageous for some specific applications, the possibility of incorporating targeting ligands is quite important. Herein, we performed the effective conjugation of antibodies onto a fluorescent NP assembly, which consisted of fluorinated Quantum Dots (QD) self-assembled through fluorine–fluorine hydrophobic interactions. Cellular uptake studies by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry revealed that the NP assembly underwent the same uptake procedure as individual NPs; that is, the antibodies retained their targeting ability once attached to the nanoassembly, and the NP assembly preserved its intrinsic properties (i.e., fluorescence in the case of QD nanoassembly).

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Ultrafine NiO Particles Induce Cytotoxicity in Vitro by Cellular Uptake and Subsequent Ni(II) Release

Chemical Research in Toxicology ◽

10.1021/tx900171n ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

pp. 1415-1426 ◽

Cited By ~ 110

Author(s):

Masanori Horie ◽

Keiko Nishio ◽

Katsuhide Fujita ◽

Haruhisa Kato ◽

Ayako Nakamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cellular Uptake

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In-Vitro Application of Magnetic Hybrid Niosomes: Targeted siRNA-Delivery for Enhanced Breast Cancer Therapy

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13030394 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 394 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Viktor Maurer ◽

Selin Altin ◽

Didem Ag Seleci ◽

Ajmal Zarinwall ◽

Bilal Temel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Cellular Uptake ◽

Sirna Delivery ◽

Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽

Therapy Outcome ◽

Ionic Surfactant ◽

Combinational Therapy

Even though the administration of chemotherapeutic agents such as erlotinib is clinically established for the treatment of breast cancer, its efficiency and the therapy outcome can be greatly improved using RNA interference (RNAi) mechanisms for a combinational therapy. However, the cellular uptake of bare small interfering RNA (siRNA) is insufficient and its fast degradation in the bloodstream leads to a lacking delivery and no suitable accumulation of siRNA inside the target tissues. To address these problems, non-ionic surfactant vesicles (niosomes) were used as a nanocarrier platform to encapsulate Lifeguard (LFG)-specific siRNA inside the hydrophilic core. A preceding entrapment of superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles (FexOy-NPs) inside the niosomal bilayer structure was achieved in order to enhance the cellular uptake via an external magnetic manipulation. After verifying a highly effective entrapment of the siRNA, the resulting hybrid niosomes were administered to BT-474 cells in a combinational therapy with either erlotinib or trastuzumab and monitored regarding the induced apoptosis. The obtained results demonstrated that the nanocarrier successfully caused a downregulation of the LFG gene in BT-474 cells, which led to an increased efficacy of the chemotherapeutics compared to plainly added siRNA. Especially the application of an external magnetic field enhanced the internalization of siRNA, therefore increasing the activation of apoptotic signaling pathways. Considering the improved therapy outcome as well as the high encapsulation efficiency, the formulated hybrid niosomes meet the requirements for a cost-effective commercialization and can be considered as a promising candidate for future siRNA delivery agents.

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