Electron microscopic morphometry of the nucleus and its clinical significance in adenocarcinoma of the lung

Lung Cancer ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-156
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Adenocarcinoma Of The Lung ◽  
Electron Microscopic Morphometry

scholarly journals Environmentally induced differential amplification of mitochondrial populations

1990 ◽  
Vol 270 (2) ◽  
pp. 511-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
J H Tonsgard ◽  
B Tung ◽  
K S Kornafel ◽  
G S Getz
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Mouse Fibroblast ◽  
Mitochondrial Atpase ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Differential Amplification ◽  
Fibroblast Line ◽  
Electron Microscopic Morphometry ◽  
Nadh Cytochrome ◽  
Two Populations

Resistance to the drug rutamycin, an inhibitor of mitochondrial ATPase, has been shown to be cytoplasmically inherited in a mouse fibroblast line (TL) on fusion of the cytoplast (enTL) with a nucleated recipient A9 [Lichtor & Getz (1978) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75, 324-328]. The cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) so formed may be readily grown in the presence [CY(+)] or absence [CY(-)] of rutamycin. The ATPase of TL mitochondria is similarly resistant to rutamycin whether grown in the presence or absence of antibiotic. The ATPase of CY(+) mitochondria is resistant to rutamycin, but CY(-) mitochondrial ATPase is sensitive to rutamycin. Nevertheless, CY(-) can be readily grown in rutamycin after a brief lag. The pH optima of mitochondrial ATPase are 8.0 for A9 and CY(-) cells and 7.5 for TL cells, whereas the pH optimum for CY(+) spans the optima of A9 and TL. The TL mitochondrial NADH-cytochrome c reductase is resistant to rotenone, whereas that of A9 mitochondria is sensitive to this agent. CY(-) and CY(+) mitochondria are sensitive and resistant respectively to rotenone. Growth of cybrids in rutamycin for 2 weeks results in a 2-3-fold increase in mitochondrial mass, measured on the basis of electron microscopic morphometry, mitochondrial membrane enzyme assays, mass of cardiolipin, and quantification of mitochondrial DNA. These data suggest that the cybrid harbours two populations of mitochondria and that the proportions of the two populations dramatically influence morphology, growth and mitochondrial phenotype in the cybrid. Selective pressure appears to induce these changes through the differential amplification of mitochondria.

scholarly journals Inhibition by insulin of the formation of autophagic vacuoles in rat liver. A morphometric approach to the kinetics of intracellular degradation by autophagy.

1978 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
U Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Autophagic Vacuoles ◽  
Intracellular Degradation ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Electron Microscopic Morphometry ◽  
Kinetics Of

Electron microscopic morphometry has demonstrated a rapid decrease in the fractional volume of autophagic vacuoles (AV) in hepatocytes of adult male rats after the intraperitoneal administration of insulin (5 U/kg of body weight). Except for a significant decrease in glycogen to about one-half its initial value, no major changes in the composition of the remaining cytoplasm, or in the average volume of the single hepatocyte, were seen. The decrease found in the AVs is attributed to an inhibition of the formation of new AVs-probably the morphologic counterpart of the well-known anticatabolic effects of insulin. The decay of the fractional volume of the AVs appeared to follow first-order kinetics. Thus, the termination of the "life" of an AV by destruction of its contents may not depend directly on the "age" of the AV. The average half-life of the AVs amounted to approximately 9 min. Similar values were found for the different types of AVs, except for those containing glycogen. The half-life of these AVs was approximately 18 min. From the half-life values and from the "segregated fractions" at time zero, which were different for the different cytoplasmic components, rates of removal from the cytoplasm by autophagy were calculated. Expressed as "percent per day", the following rates were found: whole cytoplasm, 2.3; mitochondria, 3.9; microbodies, 8.9; and glycogen, 1.1. The results indicate that autophagy, to some extent, is selective and plays an important, but not an exclusive, role in intracellular turnover.

Effect of maturational changes in myosin content and morphometry on airway smooth muscle contraction

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (6) ◽  
pp. L471-L480 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Murphy ◽  
R. W. Mitchell ◽  
A. Halayko ◽  
J. Roach ◽  
L. Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Force Generation ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tissue Content ◽  
Electron Microscopic Morphometry ◽  
Contractile Forces

We studied the relationship of airway morphometry, the content of myosin heavy-chain and isoform stoichiometry, and the distribution of bronchoconstrictor responses in the airways of maturing swine. Lungs were excised in 2-wk-old farm swine (2ws; n = 13) and 10-wk-old swine (10ws; n = 13), and tracheal smooth muscle strips and bronchial rings from generations 2–5 were fixed for in vitro isometric measurement of force generation. Split samples were placed in formaldehyde solution or glutaraldehyde for light- or electron-microscopic morphometry or frozen for analysis of tissue myosin content. The rank order of force generation elicited by both receptor- and nonreceptor-dependent mechanisms for both 2ws and 10ws was generation 4 greater than 3 greater than or equal to 2. For all matched airway generations, contractile force was 257#x2013;100% greater in 2ws than 10ws. Differences in force generation were not related to morphometric differences in smooth muscle mass content among airways. The relative cross-sectional area of smooth muscle derived by computerized morphometry was 5.5–7% for each airway generation and did not change with age. Electron-microscopic morphometry demonstrated comparable myocyte content within muscle bundles for all airways in both age groups. In generation 4 airways, myocyte size in 2ws (27.3 +/- 0.8 nuclei/2,500 microns2) hypertrophied approximately 15% in 10ws (20.4 +/- 0.6 nuclei/2,500 microns2; P less than 0.01). Tissue content of myosin measured by computerized laser densitometry of gel electrophoresis of homogenates was greater in trachea from 2ws than 10ws (135 +/- 10 vs. 90 +/- 4 micrograms/g tissue; P less than 0.01); homology of 200- and 205-kDa isoforms was confirmed by Western blot against polyclonal myosin antibody and Cleveland digest analysis of each band. Differences in contractile forces between generations in 2ws and 10ws were not correlated to functional myosin isoform content. We demonstrate a maturational downregulation of contractile forces in maturing swine. This response is independent of smooth muscle receptor distribution and is not related to morphological changes in airways muscle mass, cellularity, changes in content of nonmyocyte tissues, or tissue content of functional myosin isoform.

A Relatively Inexpensive Microprocessor-Linked Digital Plamimeter for Electron Microscopic Morphometry

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 266-269
Author(s):  
Lee D. Peachey
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Dimensional Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Morphometric Methods ◽  
Electron Microscopic Morphometry ◽  
Separate Step

Stereology provides a theoretical basis for powerful morphometric methods for the estimation of three-dimensional structural parameters from two-dimensional electron micrographs of cells and tissues. These methods assume at the start that one has a sufficiently large set of micrographs containing valid structural data. The task of obtaining from these micrographs the large quantity of data needed to get statistically valid results has been eased in two general ways. Sampling of data in the micrograph can be done rapidly by point and intersection counting methods. An alternate method, planimetry, obtains all the data in the micrograph, but in general is more time-consuming than point and intersection counting. Some of the relative inefficiency of planimetry is compensated when a digital planimeter is coupled with a computer. Areas and lengths can be computed simultaneously as fast as profiles are traced. Furthermore, rapid and numerically accurate compilation and statistical analysis of the data can be done automatically as the planimetry is done, not as a separate step after the data have been obtained.

scholarly journals A Simple Method to Estimate the Number of Autophagic Elements by Electron Microscopic Morphometry in Real Cellular Dimensions

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attila L. Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Surface Density ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Pancreatic Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic Morphometry

Autophagic elements typically appear as spherical bodies. During their life they undergo a series of changes (e.g., fusion, degradation of content, and swelling) which influence their size in a way that may be characteristic for cell type, stage of maturation, or various experimentally manipulated parameters. A simple and time efficient method is suggested here to use exactly calculated specific surface values and estimate average diameter and number of autophagic elements in real cellular dimensions. The method is based on the easiest morphometric determination of relative surface (surface density) and volume (volume density) data by electron microscopy. A series of data from real experimental samples of liver and exocrine pancreatic cells are offered to illustrate the potential of these measurements and calculations.

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