Analysis of the role of basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factors in the development of neural lineages in the mouse

1995 ◽  
Vol 84 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Guillemot
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix

Determination versus differentiation and the MyoD family of transcription factors

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 723-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn A. Megeney ◽  
Michael A. Rudnicki
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Sequence Homology ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Myogenic Regulatory Factors ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix

The myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs) form a family of basic helix–loop–helix transcription factors consisting of Myf-5, MyoD, myogenin, and MRF4. The MRFs play key regulatory roles in the development of skeletal muscle during embryogenesis. Sequence homology, expression patterns, and genetargeting experiments have revealed a two-tiered subclassification within the MRF family. Myf-5 and MyoD are more homologous to one another than to the others, are expressed in myoblasts before differentiation, and are required for the determination or survival of muscle progenitor cells. By contrast, myogenin and MRF4 are more homologous to one another than to the others and are expressed upon differentiation, and myogenin is required in vivo as a differentiation factor while the role of MRF4 remains unclear. On this basis, MyoD and Myf-5 are classified as primary MRFs, as they are required for the determination of myoblasts, and myogenin and MRF4 are classified as secondary MRFs, as they likely function during terminal differentiation.Key words: MyoD, Myf-5, myogenin, MRF4, skeletal muscle.

Differential regulation of granulopoiesis by the basic helix-loop-helix transcriptional inhibitors Id1 and Id2

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 105 (11) ◽  
pp. 4272-4281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miranda Buitenhuis ◽  
Hanneke W. M. van Deutekom ◽  
Liesbeth P. Verhagen ◽  
Anders Castor ◽  
Sten Eirik W. Jacobsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
Retroviral Transduction ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Cd34 Cells ◽  
Final Maturation ◽  
Inhibitor Of Dna Binding

Abstract Inhibitor of DNA binding (Id) proteins function as inhibitors of members of the basic helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors and have been demonstrated to play an important role in regulating lymphopoiesis. However, the role of these proteins in regulation of myelopoiesis is currently unclear. In this study, we have investigated the role of Id1 and Id2 in the regulation of granulopoiesis. Id1 expression was initially up-regulated during early granulopoiesis, which was then followed by a decrease in expression during final maturation. In contrast, Id2 expression was up-regulated in terminally differentiated granulocytes. In order to determine whether Id expression plays a critical role in regulating granulopoiesis, Id1 and Id2 were ectopically expressed in CD34+ cells by retroviral transduction. Our experiments demonstrate that constitutive expression of Id1 inhibits eosinophil development, whereas in contrast neutrophil differentiation was modestly enhanced. Constitutive Id2 expression accelerates final maturation of both eosinophils and neutrophils, whereas inhibition of Id2 expression blocks differentiation of both lineages. Transplantation of β2-microglobulin-/- nonobese diabetic severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice with CD34+ cells ectopically expressing Id1 resulted in enhanced neutrophil development, whereas ectopic expression of Id2 induced both eosinophil and neutrophil development. These data demonstrate that both Id1 and Id2 play a critical, although differential role in granulopoiesis.

scholarly journals A Classification of Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors of Soybean

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen A. Hudson ◽  
Matthew E. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Soybean Genome ◽  
Binding Potential ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Bhlh Genes ◽  
Wide Range

The complete genome sequence of soybean allows an unprecedented opportunity for the discovery of the genes controlling important traits. In particular, the potential functions of regulatory genes are a priority for analysis. The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family of transcription factors is known to be involved in controlling a wide range of systems critical for crop adaptation and quality, including photosynthesis, light signalling, pigment biosynthesis, and seed pod development. Using a hidden Markov model search algorithm, 319 genes with basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor domains were identified within the soybean genome sequence. These were classified with respect to their predicted DNA binding potential, intron/exon structure, and the phylogeny of the bHLH domain. Evidence is presented that the vast majority (281) of these 319 soybean bHLH genes are expressed at the mRNA level. Of these soybean bHLH genes, 67% were found to exist in two or more homeologous copies. This dataset provides a framework for future studies on bHLH gene function in soybean. The challenge for future research remains to define functions for the bHLH factors encoded in the soybean genome, which may allow greater flexibility for genetic selection of growth and environmental adaptation in this widely grown crop.

scholarly journals An Examination of the Role of Transcriptional and Posttranscriptional Regulation in Rhabdomyosarcoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Hron ◽  
Atsushi Asakura
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Bhlh Proteins

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is an aggressive family of soft tissue tumors that most commonly manifests in children. RMS variants express several skeletal muscle markers, suggesting myogenic stem or progenitor cell origin of RMS. In this review, the roles of both recently identified and well-established microRNAs in RMS are discussed and summarized in a succinct, tabulated format. Additionally, the subtypes of RMS are reviewed along with the involvement of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins, Pax proteins, and microRNAs in normal and pathologic myogenesis. Finally, the current and potential future treatment options for RMS are outlined.

A genome-wide survey on basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors in rat and mouse

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zheng ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
Q. Yao ◽  
Z. Yang ◽  
K. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Genome Wide Survey

The homeodomain-containing gene Xdbx inhibits neuronal differentiation in the developing embryo

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (13) ◽  
pp. 2945-2954 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Gershon ◽  
J. Rudnick ◽  
L. Kalam ◽  
K. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Differentiation ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Neural Plate ◽  
Neural Progenitors ◽  
Expression Domain ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Early Neurogenesis

The development of the vertebrate nervous system depends upon striking a balance between differentiating neurons and neural progenitors in the early embryo. Our findings suggest that the homeodomain-containing gene Xdbx regulates this balance by maintaining neural progenitor populations within specific regions of the neuroectoderm. In posterior regions of the Xenopus embryo, Xdbx is expressed in a bilaterally symmetric stripe that lies at the middle of the mediolateral axis of the neural plate. This stripe of Xdbx expression overlaps the expression domain of the proneural basic/helix-loop-helix-containing gene, Xash3, and is juxtaposed to the expression domains of Xenopus Neurogenin related 1 and N-tubulin, markers of early neurogenesis in the embryo. Xdbx overexpression inhibits neuronal differentiation in the embryo and when co-injected with Xash3, Xdbx inhibits the ability of Xash3 to induce ectopic neurogenesis. One role of Xdbx during normal development may therefore be to restrict spatially neuronal differentiation within the neural plate, possibly by altering the neuronal differentiation function of Xash3.

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