Initiating requests during community-based vocational training by students with mental retardation and sensory impairments

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Wolff Heller ◽  
Margaret H. Allgood ◽  
Steven Ware ◽  
Susan E. Arnold ◽  
Melanie D. Castelle
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sensory Impairments

Quality and Costs in a Residential Education Facility for People with Dual Sensory Impairments

1995 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 402-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Emerson ◽  
J. Cooper ◽  
C. Hatton
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Residential Education ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sensory Impairments

The study evaluated the quality and costs of services for 16 young adults with dual sensory impairments and mental retardation before and during their placement at a specialist community-based residential further education facility. The results indicated that, overall, both the quality and costs of services were higher than in previous placements. However, there were wide variations among clients on all the dimensions studied, and there was no overall relationship between the costs and quality of services.

Children With Self-Injurious Behavior

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan L. Hyman ◽  
Wayne Fisher ◽  
Marianne Mercugliano ◽  
Michael F. Cataldo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Pervasive Developmental Disorders ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Community Based ◽  
History Of ◽  
Developmental Characteristics ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Individuals With Mental Retardation

Self-injurious behavior is a serious problem that is not uncommon among individuals with mental retardation. Medical and developmental characteristics of 97 children, adolescents, and young adults (age range 11 months to 21 years, 11 months) assessed and treated for self-injurious behavior in a specialized, interdisciplinary inpatient unit between 1980 and 1988 were reviewed. This population differed from those reported in previous studies in that it was of school age and predominantly community based. Severe or profound mental retardation was present in 82.5% of our patients. The causative diagnoses associated with self-injurious behavior were similar to those of severe mental retardation alone. Associated disabilities represented at greater than expected frequencies included pervasive developmental disorders, visual impairment, and a history of infantile spasms. Most patients (81.4%) engaged in more than one type of self-injurious behavior. The most common topographies were head banging, biting, head hitting, body hitting, and scratching. Physical injury was documented in 77% of cases; the injuries most frequently reported were excoriations, scars/callus formation, hematomas, and local infection. As community placement of handicapped individuals continues to increase, pediatricians will be called upon to monitor patients who engage in self-injurious behavior.

Communication between Staff and Deaf-Blind People in Community Residences

1991 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.T. Romer ◽  
B. Schoenberg
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Communication Training ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Critical Aspect ◽  
Residential Programs ◽  
Sensory Impairments ◽  
Community Residences

Despite the consensus that communication is a critical aspect of programming for persons with dual sensory impairments (deaf-blindness), little is known about the communication these individuals use as adults in natural environments. The study reported here examined issues of communicative control for staff and eight individuals with deaf-blindness and mental retardation in three residential programs. Overall rates of communication, the degree to which residents initiated communication, and communication with other residents and visitors were examined. Implications for communication training and the design of programs are discussed.

Teaching Children and Young Adults with Mental Retardation in School Programs: Current Research

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha E. Snell
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Safety Skills ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Choice Making ◽  
School Programs ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Instructional Research

This paper reviews the recent behavioural research on instruction of children and young adults with mental retardation in schools settings and community-based school programs. Instructional research in 12 skill areas (motor, self-care, communication, social skills, choice making, school behaviours, health and safety skills, home management, leisure skills, community use, vocational skills, and academics) meeting specified criteria on population (age and disability), location of instruction, functionality of skill, and research integrity was identified in 11 journals from 1990 through 1996. The pool of identified research is discussed by skill category and by intervention method, with critical comments made regarding strengths and weaknesses. Conclusions are drawn for practitioners and future researchers.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF CORRECTIONAL-DEVELOPING ACTIVE GAMES FOR CHILDREN WITH DEVIATIONS IN INTELLIGENCE

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-1) ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
Alexsandra S Khorkova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Healthy Person ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Mobile Games ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Disorders

According to the world and domestic experience, the number of children with developmental disabilities is great and growing steadily. The analysis of literary sources shows that among all health disorders of a human, the mental retardation is the most common. Attention to the problem of mental retardation is caused by the fact that the number of children with this type of anomaly is growing every year. This circumstance requires the creation of conditions for maximum possible correction of developmental disorders of children, their education, vocational training, finding ways of socialization and integration in society. If for a healthy person an exercise is a means of active development and body perfection, for children with mental retardation it is one of the main means of eliminating deviations in the motor area, full physical development, health, adaptation in society. The article describes the characteristics of correction and development of mobile games and their impact on children with deviations in intelligence.

scholarly journals Prevalence and characteristics of hearing and vision loss in preschool children from low income South African communities: results of a screening program of 10,390 children

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Eksteen ◽  
Robert H. Eikelboom ◽  
Hannah Kuper ◽  
Stefan Launer ◽  
De Wet Swanepoel
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
South African ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Vision Screening ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Sensory Impairments ◽  
African Community

Abstract Background The majority of children with sensory impairments live in low- and middle-income countries. More studies of hearing and vision impairment prevalence are needed, in order to generate more accurate estimates of trends in sensory impairments. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and describe the characteristics of hearing and vision loss among preschool children (4–7 years) in an underserved South African community following community-based mobile health (mHealth) supported hearing and vision services. Methods A screening program of sensory impairments was undertaken of children attending preschools in the communities of Khayelitsha and Mitchell’s Plain, Cape Town, from September 2017 until June 2019. Hearing and vision screening were done by trained community health workers using mHealth technology. Children who failed hearing and vision screening were seen for follow-up assessments at their preschools. Follow-up assessments were conducted using smartphones that host point-of-care validated and calibrated hearing and vision testing applications (hearTest app, hearX Group, South Africa and PeekAcuity app, Peek Vision, United Kingdom). Descriptive statistical analysis and logistic regression analysis were conducted after extracting data from a secure cloud-based server (mHealth Studio, hearX Group) to Microsoft Excel (2016). Results A total of 10,390 children were screened at 298 preschools over 22 months. Of the children screened, 5.6 and 4.4% of children failed hearing and vision screening respectively. Community-based follow-up hearing tests were done at the preschools on 88.5% (514) of children of whom 240 children (54.2% female) presented with hearing loss. A preschool-based follow-up vision test was done on 400 children (88.1%). A total of 232 children (46.1% female) had a vision impairment, and a further 32 children passed the test but had obvious signs of ocular morbidity. Logistic regression analysis found that age was a significant predictor of vision loss (p < 0.05), but not for hearing loss (p = 0.06). Gender was not a significant predictor of hearing (p = 0.22) or vision loss (p = 0.20). Conclusions Hearing loss is prevalent in at least 22 per 1000 and vision loss in at least 23 per 1000 preschool children in an underserved South African community. Timely identification of sensory losses can be facilitated through community-based hearing and vision services supported by mHealth technology.

Quality and Costs of Community-Based Residential Supports for People With Mental Retardation and Challenging Behavior

2004 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Robertson ◽  
Eric Emerson ◽  
Lisa Pinkney ◽  
Emma Caesar ◽  
David Felce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Challenging Behavior ◽  
Community Based

Behavior Ratings of Psychopathology and Vocational Adjustment Among School-Aged Students with Mild Mental Retardation and Borderline Intelligence

1993 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-10
Author(s):  
Paul D. Etu ◽  
H. Thompson Prout ◽  
Douglas C. Strohmer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Mentally Retarded ◽  
Mild Mental Retardation ◽  
Behavior Ratings ◽  
Global Ratings ◽  
Borderline Intelligence ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship of behavior ratings of psychopathology and vocational adjustment among mildly mentally retarded and borderline intelligence adolescents in vocational training programs. Significant correlations between an array of psychopathology variables and global ratings of vocational adjustment were found. Implication of these findings are discussed.

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