Potential of antagonistic microorganisms and bacteriocins for the biological preservation of foods

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Schillinger ◽  
R. Geisen ◽  
W.H. Holzapfel
Keyword(s):  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Biological Preservation

scholarly journals Biocontrol potential of Streptomyces sp. CACIS-1.5CA against phytopathogenic fungi causing postharvest fruit diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahaed Evangelista-Martínez ◽  
Erika Anahí Contreras-Leal ◽  
Luis Fernando Corona-Pedraza ◽  
Élida Gastélum-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Type I ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Habanero Pepper ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms

Abstract Background Fungi are one of the microorganisms that cause most damage to fruits worldwide, affecting their quality and consumption. Chemical controls with pesticides are used to diminish postharvest losses of fruits. However, biological control with microorganisms or natural compounds is an increasing alternative to protect fruits and vegetables. In this study, the antifungal effect of Streptomyces sp. CACIS-1.5CA on phytopathogenic fungi that cause postharvest tropical fruit rot was investigated. Main body Antagonistic activity was evaluated in vitro by the dual confrontation over fungal isolates obtained from grape, mango, tomato, habanero pepper, papaya, sweet orange, and banana. The results showed that antagonistic activity of the isolate CACIS-1.5CA was similar to the commercial strain Streptomyces lydicus WYEC 108 against the pathogenic fungi Colletotrichum sp., Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Botrytis sp., Rhizoctonia sp., and Rhizopus sp. with percentages ranging from 30 to 63%. The bioactive extract obtained from CACIS-1.5 showed a strong inhibition of fungal spore germination, with percentages ranging from 92 to 100%. Morphological effects as irregular membrane border, deformation, shrinkage, and collapsed conidia were observed on the conidia. Molecularly, the biosynthetic clusters of genes for the polyketide synthase (PKS) type I, PKS type II, and NRPS were detected in the genome of Streptomyces sp. CACIS-1.5CA. Conclusions This study presented a novel Streptomyces strain as a natural alternative to the use of synthetic fungicides or other commercial products having antagonistic microorganisms that were used in the postharvest control of phytopathogenic fungi affecting fruits.

scholarly journals Sweet pepper seed responses to inoculation with microorganisms and coating with micronutrients, aminoacids and plant growth regulators

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kênia Almeida Diniz ◽  
Paulo de Albuquerque Silva ◽  
João Almir Oliveira ◽  
José Renato Emiliorelli Evangelista
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms

Small sized seeds, such as the horticultural species, have limited quantities of reserves that can be balanced by coating then with essential nutrients for their initial development. In addition, inoculation of the seeds with microorganisms may protect the plants against phytopathogens, thus enhancing their growth. The present work had the objective of evaluate the physiological quality and seedling development of sweet pepper seeds and seedlings coated with several kind of films. Seeds were first coated with polymers and then with antagonistic microorganisms (Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma polysporhum, Trichoderma stromaticum, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae), mycorrhizas, aminoacids, micronutrients and plant growth regulators. Evaluation was performed for percentage of germination and for seedling emergence, speed of emergence index, number of plants, dry mass of the aerial and root parts and height of the seedlings. Inoculation with Trichoderma viride increased the percentage and rate of the seedlings emergence Inoculation with Trichoderma viride, Metarhizium anisopliae and mycorrhizas promote better seedling development; seed microbiolization with microorganisms Trichoderma viride, T. polysporhum, T. stromaticum, Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae. Mycorrhizas mixture negatively affected seeds and seedling quality. Seed covering with plant growht regulator, at a 5 mL kg-1 dose increased the roots dry matter.

scholarly journals Antagonism of Bacillus thuringiensis to phytopathogenic micromicetes as pathogens of apple trees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. Sherstoboeva ◽  
А. Krzyhanivsky ◽  
А. Bunas
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Produce Water ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms

Antagonistic microorganisms, producing bactericidal and fungicidal substances, spread in space and occupy various ecological niches. Antagonistic action of microorganisms can be combined with a number of other properties that can be used by humans for their own purposes. Microorganisms — agents of biological products often have a multifunctional effect on the components of the agroecosystem, which under the influence of various environmental factors could have positive and negative consequences. The aim of the study was to study the effect of new highly active entomopathogenic strains of Bacillus thuringiensis on non-target objects — components of the biocenosis of the apple orchard. When developing technologies for biocontrol of the number of apple trees pests using B. thuringiensis revealed an additional positive protective effect — reducing the number of pathogens of fungal diseases on the leaf surface. Treatment of apple leaves with a liquid culture of strain B. thuringiensis 0376 after 72 hours of application reduced the number of scab of Fusicladium dendriticum by 7 times, and the pathogen of monolisis of Monilia fructigena — 9 times. Strain B. thuringiensis 0371 showed the highest level of antagonism, because in vitro completely inhibited the growth and development of micromycetes on the surface of the nutrient medium. On the leaf surface, the application of culture strain 0371 reduced the number of Fusicladium dendriticum by 92%, and Monilia fructigena — by 86% after 72 hours of treatment. In a field experiment when treating apple trees with a culture of this strain, scab development decreased by 7.1%. Strain B. thuringiensis 787 did not show antagonism against phytopathogenicmicromycetes during co-cultivation on nutrient medium, which may be explained by its inability to produce water-soluble exotoxin, in contrast to strains of B. thuringiensis, which are antagonists of scab and apple monolisis. Strain B. thuringiensis 0371 requires further research and development of its formulations, because it is promising for the creation of a complex biological product with insect-fungicidal properties for use in ecological and agriculture friendly technologies.

scholarly journals Taxonomic Characterization, and Secondary Metabolite Analysis of Streptomyces triticiradicis sp. nov.: A Novel Actinomycete with Antifungal Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyin Yu ◽  
Chuanyu Han ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Junwei Zhao ◽  
Yijun Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Biosynthetic Gene Cluster ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Genus Streptomyces ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Taxonomic Characterization

The rhizosphere, an important battleground between beneficial microbes and pathogens, is usually considered to be a good source for isolation of antagonistic microorganisms. In this study, a novel actinobacteria with broad-spectrum antifungal activity, designated strain NEAU-H2T, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies showed that strain NEAU-H2T belonged to the genus Streptomyces, with high sequence similarities to Streptomyces rhizosphaerihabitans NBRC 109807T (98.8%), Streptomyces populi A249T (98.6%), and Streptomyces siamensis NBRC 108799T (98.6%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, atpD, gyrB, recA, rpoB, and trpB gene sequences showed that the strain formed a stable clade with S. populi A249T. Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the strain coincided with members of the genus Streptomyces. A combination of DNA–DNA hybridization results and phenotypic properties indicated that the strain could be distinguished from the abovementioned strains. Thus, strain NEAU-H2T belongs to a novel species in the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces triticiradicis sp. nov. is proposed. In addition, the metabolites isolated from cultures of strain NEAU-H2T were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) analyses. One new compound and three known congeners were isolated. Further, genome analysis revealed that the strain harbored diverse biosynthetic potential, and one cluster showing 63% similarity to natamycin biosynthetic gene cluster may contribute to the antifungal activity. The type strain is NEAU-H2T (= CCTCC AA 2018031T = DSM 109825T).

Characterization and sequence analysis of potential biofertilizer and biocontrol agent Bacillus subtilis strain SEM-9 from silkworm excrement

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingrong Li ◽  
Sentai Liao ◽  
Huyu Zhi ◽  
Dongxu Xing ◽  
Yang Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Fusarium wilt is a devastating soil-borne disease caused mainly by highly host-specific formae speciales of Fusarium oxysporum. Antagonistic microorganisms play a very important role in Fusarium wilt control, and the isolation of potential biocontrol strains is becoming more and more important. We isolated a bacterial strain (SEM-9) from the high-temperature stage of silkworm excrement composting, which had a marked ability to solubilize phosphorus, promote the growth and increase the yield of the small Chinese cabbage, and which also exhibited considerable antagonistic effect towards Fusarium sambucinum and other fungi. The result of physiological and biochemical analyses, as well as genome sequencing, showed that SEM-9 was a strain of Bacillus subtilis. Through genome annotation and analysis, it was found that SEM-9 contained genes related to the regulation of biofilm formation, which may play an important role in colonization, and gene clusters encoding the biosynthesis of antimicrobials, such as surfactin, bacilysin, fengycin, and subtilosin-A. The production of such antifungal compounds may constitute the basis of the mode-of-action of SEM-9 against Fusarium spp. These data suggested that the SEM-9 strain has potential as both a biofertilizer and a biocontrol agent, with the potential to manage Fusarium wilt disease in crops.

scholarly journals Control of Postharvest Pathogens and Colonization of the Apple Surface by Antagonistic Microorganisms in the Field

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1103-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Leibinger ◽  
Barbara Breuker ◽  
Matthias Hahn ◽  
Kurt Mendgen
Keyword(s):  
Aureobasidium Pullulans ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rhodotorula Glutinis ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Fruit Decay ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Control Post

Selected isolates of Aureobasidium pullulans, Rhodotorula glutinis, and Bacillus subtilis reduced the size and number of lesions on wounded apples caused by the postharvest pathogens Penicillium expansum, Botrytis cinerea, and Pezicula malicorticis. Combinations of the antagonistic microorganisms were applied to apple trees in the field late in the growing season of two consecutive years. The population dynamics of the introduced microorganisms and the incidence of fruit decay were determined. Population sizes of introduced antagonists on apple surfaces increased in the field following application of treatments until harvest. After transfer of the fruit from the field into cold storage, the populations of the introduced antagonists remained higher than in the control treatments. Identification of the applied isolates of A. pullulans and R. glutinis during the experiments was achieved by isolate-specific DNA probes generated from random amplified polymorphic DNA. A combination of two strains of A. pullulans and one strain of R. glutinis suppressed rotting of apple to the same extent as the commonly used fungicide Euparen. Our data demonstrate that the application of antagonistic microorganisms in the field represents a promising alternative to fungicide treatments to control post-harvest diseases of apple.

scholarly journals Agar composition affects in vitro screening of biocontrol activity of antagonistic microorganisms

2016 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 7-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bosmans ◽  
I. De Bruijn ◽  
R. De Mot ◽  
H. Rediers ◽  
B. Lievens
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Antagonistic Microorganisms ◽  
Biocontrol Activity
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