Aspects of Education Related to Food and Agriculture in Developing Countries

1987 ◽  
pp. 233-235
Author(s):  
THAVORN VAJRABHAYA
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food And Agriculture

scholarly journals FOOD SECURITY AND AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN UZBEKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.I Khamidov
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

Since January 2020, the world faced one of the largest outbreaks of human history that coronavirus (Covid-19) began spreading among countries across the globe. Plenty of research institutes developed insights and estimations regarding the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on agriculture and food security system. The UN estimations indicate that more than 132 million people around the world may have hunger due to the economic recession as a result of the pandemic. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) is pushing forward the strategies in order for increasing food supply in developing countries and providing assistance to food producers and suppliers. World Health Organization (WHO) indicated that the pandemic may not finish by the end of 2020 and countries should be prepared for longer effects within 2021. In this regard, ensuring food security as well as sufficient food supply would be one of the crucial aspects of policy functions in developing countries.

Conservation of farm animal genetic resources – a global view

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
R.A. Cardellino
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Farm Animal Genetic Resources

AbstractFarm animal genetic resources face a double challenge. On the one hand the demand for animal products is increasing in developing countries. The Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) has estimated that demand for meat will double by 2030 (2000 basis) and demand for milk will more than double in this 30-year period. On the other hand, animal genetic resources are disappearing rapidly worldwide. Over the past 15 years, 300 out of 6000 breeds identified by FAO have become extinct, and 1 to 2 breeds disappear every week. FAO has been requested by its member countries to develop and implement a global strategy for the management of farm animal genetic resources. It is important to conserve local breeds because many of them utilise lower quality feed, are more resilient to climatic stress, are more resistant to local parasites and diseases, and represent a unique source of genes for improving health and performance traits of industrial breeds. It is important also to develop and utilise local breeds that are genetically adapted to their environments. Genotype x environment interactions are important especially where extreme environments are involved. Most of these production environments are harsh, with very limited natural and managerial inputs, and they are not limited to developing countries. Animals genetically adapted to these conditions will be more productive at lower costs. They will support food, agriculture and cultural diversity, and will be effective in achieving local food security objectives. In many countries local communities depend on these adapted genetic resources. Their disappearance or drastic modification, for example by crossbreeding, absorption or replacement by exotic breeds, will have tremendous impacts on these human populations. Most breeds at risk are not supported by any established conservation activity or related policy, and breed extinction rates are increasing.

Impacts of COVID-19 on agriculture and food security in developing countries: potential mitigation strategies.

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (016) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kehinde O. Erinle
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Availability ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Response Strategies ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Agriculture And Food

Abstract Despite efforts to reduce global food insecurity, success has been limited in many developing countries due to numerous inherent problems. The challenges and vulnerabilities associated with food security in these countries have been exacerbated by the current coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. As a rapid response strategy to minimize the coronavirus' spread, countries have put in place different forms of movement restrictions, locally and globally, which have therefore affected agricultural production, food availability, and accessibility. Focusing on the four pillars of food security, this paper provides an overview of the pandemic's impacts on food availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability drawing examples from different developing countries. The report also suggests some response strategies that could be adopted or (where already in existence) strengthened to promote food security in developing countries, during and after a pandemic/crisis. The strategies of major concern to ensure continued availability and accessibility of food during and after a pandemic/crisis include (i) establishment of community-based food networks, (ii) food and agriculture data collection and maintenance, (iii) stabilizing food prices, (iv) infrastructural development for food security, (v) increasing investment in agricultural research and policies, (vi) adopting modern farming practices, and (vii) reduction and management of agricultural and food waste.

scholarly journals Food and Agriculture in Developing Countries

Nature ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 192 (4807) ◽  
pp. 1028-1030
Author(s):  
A. H. BUNTING
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food And Agriculture

Food Fortification: Safety and Legislation

1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory D. Orriss
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Food Fortification ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Health Organization

The Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) International Conference on Nutrition (ICN), held in Rome in December 1992, recognized the widespread occurrence of micronutrient deficiencies, particularly in developing countries. The conference recognized food-based approaches as the most effective way to address existing micronutrient deficiencies. These approaches must include appropriate strategies to assure dietary diversification, improved food availability, food preservation, nutrition education, and food fortification. The final report of the conference included strategies and actions for preventing and controlling specific micronutrient deficiencies. It was proposed to ensure and legislate the fortification of foods or water with necessary micronutrients, where possible, when existing supplies fail to provide adequate levels in the diet. Food fortification has been successfully used in both developed and developing countries as one strategy to address micronutrient deficiencies. The primary purposes of food legislation are to protect the health of the consumer, protect the consumer from fraud, and facilitate trade. In the case of fortified foods, the target population must be protected from receiving either toxic or nutritionally ineffective levels of micronutrients. Legislation may be necessary to require adequate control over this fortification process by the food processors to ensure that levels of micronutrients are consistently within acceptable limits. Legislation may also be required to prohibit the addition of nutrients to commodities where it is nutritionally unnecessary or unsafe or where fortification may create an erroneous impression as to the nutritional value of the food. Any legislation regarding food fortification should incorporate the standards, recommendations, and guidelines of the Codex Alimentarius. The World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (the SPS Agreement) and the WTO Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (the TBT Agreement) have placed new importance on Codex standards, guidelines, codes, and recommendations.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FOOD SECURITY DIMENSIONS ON FOOD SECURITY IN LANDLOCKED DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (14) ◽  
pp. 116-128
Author(s):  
Nur Marina Abdul Manap
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Food Stability

Food security is an important issue that has been discussed all over the world. Achievement in food security is based on the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO policy) and depends on four important indicators known as availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability. This paper examines the effectiveness of the food security dimension on food security in Landlocked Developing Countries. The static panel data was adopted using a fixed-effect model to measure the effectiveness of food security dimensions on DES. The findings of this study showed that food security dimensions played a very important role in affecting the DES in landlocked developing countries. An increase in food availability, food accessibility, food utilization, and food stability were found to positively impact food security achievement in Landlocked developing countries.

scholarly journals Perspectives Moving Forward

2021 ◽  
pp. 919-992
Author(s):  
Uma Lele ◽  
Manmohan Agarwal ◽  
Brian C. Baldwin ◽  
Sambuddha Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Institutional Capital ◽  
Food Security And Nutrition

Growing differentiation among developing countries, declining capital flows and remittances, uncertain external aid, weakening global architecture, and rising China are reviewed. In 2021, developed countries, led by the United States, had begun a recovery. Considerable progress was achieved in developing countries prior to the COVID-19 pandemic in reducing poverty; infant and child mortality, stunting, wasting, anemia; increasing food security and nutrition; and improving gender empowerment. Impacts of the pandemic on the poverty–food security–nutrition–health nexus and implications for action are described. Agricultural total factor productivity growth across regions and countries shows huge differences in aggregate productivity growth performance. Countries with low growth also lagged in structural transformation. Premature deindustrialization in developing countries peaks at earlier levels of per capita GDP than for industrialized countries. All farm sizes can achieve productivity growth and success, but smallholders require the functioning of factor and product markets, with strong public policy. Productivity growth measures have not included changes in the quality or quantity of natural resources, but that is changing. Overall, the issue of low financial flows to developing countries needs to be addressed, and available resources need to be used strategically to leverage greater public and private investments to food and agriculture. Substantial investments are needed in human and institutional capital and physical infrastructure for new technologies. The G20’s contribution to the global architecture for food and agriculture has not met its potential relative to a promising early start. For 54 industrial and emerging countries monitored by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, changes in their agricultural policies offer scope for improvement in the overall policy environment and investment climate at the global level, including release of valuable resources for building better.

scholarly journals Food for All

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma Lele ◽  
Manmohan Agarwal ◽  
Brian C. Baldwin ◽  
Sambuddha Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Financial Transfers ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
The World

This book is a historical review of international food and agriculture since the founding of the international organizations following the Second World War, including the World Bank and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the World Food Programme (WFP) and into the 1970s, when CGIAR was established and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) was created to recycle petrodollars. The book concurrently focuses on the structural transformation of developing countries in Asia and Africa, with some making great strides in small farmer development and in achieving structural transformation of their economies. Some have also achieved Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG2, but most have not. Not only are some countries, particularly in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, lagging behind, but they face new challenges of climate change, competition from emerging countries, population pressure, urbanization, environmental decay, dietary transition, and now pandemics. Lagging developing countries need huge investments in human capital, and physical and institutional infrastructure, to take advantage of rapid change in technologies, but the role of international assistance in financial transfers has diminished. The COVID-19 pandemic has not only set many poorer countries back but starkly revealed the weaknesses of past strategies. Transformative changes are needed in developing countries with international cooperation to achieve better outcomes. Will the change in US leadership bring new opportunities for multilateral cooperation?

Aflatoxin contamination in maize: occurrence and health implications in Latin America

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
N. Ponce-García ◽  
N. Palacios-Rojas ◽  
S. O. Serna-Saldivar ◽  
S. García-Lara
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Aflatoxin Contamination ◽  
Latin Americans ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
United Nations Food ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Latin American Countries

According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation, mycotoxicoses constitute the second most pressing food safety problem worldwide, with most cases occurring in developing countries. Maize (Zea mays L.), the main staple for many Latin Americans, is one of the best suitable substrates for mycotoxigenic Aspergillus fungi. Aflatoxins (AFs) produced primarily by Aspergillus flavus, are of significant concern, especially in developing countries. While AFs production occurs mainly in warmer, tropical, and subtropical environments, recent evidence suggests that global climate change favours their presence in regions with little or no awareness of this issue. AFs interfere with metabolic processes, causing cancer and other health disorders resulting in health hazards and even death. The setting of national acceptable regulatory levels of AFs is necessary for Latin American countries. Unfortunately, no estimates of the economic impact of AFs in this region are currently available nor the cost of regulatory programs designed to reduce health risks to animals and humans. This review explores relevant data about incidence of AFs in maize produced in the region and the adverse effects of the consumption of contaminated foods and the associated health consequences for Latin American consumers. Regulations aimed to mitigate AFs exposure to consumers are also reviewed and identified gaps for researchers and actors of the maize value chain are also proposed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document