Recent Developments in Membrane Technologies for Concentration of Liquid Foods and Food Ingredients

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-121
Author(s):  
Alfredo Cassano ◽  
Roberto Castro-Muñoz ◽  
Carmela Conidi ◽  
Enrico Drioli
Keyword(s):  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Liquid Foods ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Membrane Technologies

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Effective Antioxidants: The Structure and Antioxidant Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1984
Author(s):  
Monika Parcheta ◽  
Renata Świsłocka ◽  
Sylwia Orzechowska ◽  
Monika Akimowicz ◽  
Renata Choińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Electronic Charge ◽  
Experimental Literature ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Group Position ◽  
Oxidative Damages ◽  
Recent Developments

Since the last few years, the growing interest in the use of natural and synthetic antioxidants as functional food ingredients and dietary supplements, is observed. The imbalance between the number of antioxidants and free radicals is the cause of oxidative damages of proteins, lipids, and DNA. The aim of the study was the review of recent developments in antioxidants. One of the crucial issues in food technology, medicine, and biotechnology is the excess free radicals reduction to obtain healthy food. The major problem is receiving more effective antioxidants. The study aimed to analyze the properties of efficient antioxidants and a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of antioxidant processes. Our researches and sparing literature data prove that the ligand antioxidant properties complexed by selected metals may significantly affect the free radical neutralization. According to our preliminary observation, this efficiency is improved mainly by the metals of high ion potential, e.g., Fe(III), Cr(III), Ln(III), Y(III). The complexes of delocalized electronic charge are better antioxidants. Experimental literature results of antioxidant assays, such as diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing activity power assay (FRAP), were compared to thermodynamic parameters obtained with computational methods. The mechanisms of free radicals creation were described based on the experimental literature data. Changes in HOMO energy distribution in phenolic acids with an increasing number of hydroxyl groups were observed. The antioxidant properties of flavonoids are strongly dependent on the hydroxyl group position and the catechol moiety. The number of methoxy groups in the phenolic acid molecules influences antioxidant activity. The use of synchrotron techniques in the antioxidants electronic structure analysis was proposed.

Influence of Food Matrix on Sterol and Stanol Activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 677-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Plant Sterols ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Liquid Foods ◽  
Influence Of Food

Abstract The format and matrix in which functional food ingredients are delivered may influence their bioactivity in vivo. Therefore, this paper will review studies which have examined plant sterols and stanols being consumed in varying formats and matrices, i.e., fat-containing foods versus low or non-fat foods, solid foods versus liquid foods, capsules or tables versus foods. Furthermore, this paper will examine the issue of providing plant sterols and stanols in either free or esterified form. Finally, a discussion on the importance of microemulsion stability of the sterols and stanols is elaborated. Based on the reviewed information, it would seem that plant sterols and stanols are effective in all food and capsule/tablet formats, and in both free and esterified form. Some failures in clinical trials may be due to unstable microemulsion of sterols.

Recent Developments in Membrane Technologies for CO2 Separation

2015 ◽  
pp. 85-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charitomeni Veziri ◽  
Anastasios Labropoulos ◽  
Georgios Karanikolos ◽  
Nick Kanellopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Separation ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Membrane Technologies

Present status and future of functional oligosaccharide development in Japan

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 1245-1251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruo Nakakuki
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Present Status ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Immunological Activity ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Soybean Oligosaccharides ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
New System

Several oligosaccharides such as glycosylsucrose, fructo-oligosaccharides, malto-oligosaccharides, isomalto-oligosaccharides (branched-oligosaccharides), galacto-oligosaccharides, xylo-oligosaccharides, isomaltulose (palatinose), and lactosucrose have been produced on an industrial scale. Recent developments in industrial enzymology have made possible a series of new starch oligosaccharides such as β-1,6 linked gentio-oligosaccharides, α,α-1,1 linked trehalose, α-1,3 linked nigero-oligosaccharides, and branched-cyclodextrins. Some new sweeteners, including trehalose and nigero-oligosaccharides, are being developed as food ingredients with physiologically unique functions such as superoxide dismutase-like activity and immunological activity. Also, soybean oligosaccharides containing raffinose, stachyose, and other oligosaccharides mentioned above are now used in beverages, confectionery, bakery products, yogurts, daily products, and infant milk. In 1991, the Japanese government legislated for Foods for Specified Health Use (FOSHU). FOSHU increased the total to 223 items of which more than 50 % incorporate oligosaccharides as the functional components. Furthermore, the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare published the proposal for a new system named Foods with Health Claims (FHC), which was carried out in April 2002.

A review of recent developments in graphene-enabled membranes for water treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 915-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Jiang ◽  
Pratim Biswas ◽  
John D. Fortner
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Membrane Technologies

Graphene based materials, including graphene and derivatives such as graphene oxide, have considerable potential as key components in next-generation membrane technologies.

Recent Developments in Microencapsulation of Food Ingredients

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1361-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashappa Goud H. Desai ◽  
Hyun Jin Park
Keyword(s):  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Recent Developments

Trends in Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 228-229
Author(s):  
C. Colliex ◽  
P. Trebbia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Primary Electrons

The physical foundations for the use of electron energy loss spectroscopy towards analytical purposes, seem now rather well established and have been extensively discussed through recent publications. In this brief review we intend only to mention most recent developments in this field, which became available to our knowledge. We derive also some lines of discussion to define more clearly the limits of this analytical technique in materials science problems.The spectral information carried in both low ( 0<ΔE<100eV ) and high ( >100eV ) energy regions of the loss spectrum, is capable to provide quantitative results. Spectrometers have therefore been designed to work with all kinds of electron microscopes and to cover large energy ranges for the detection of inelastically scattered electrons (for instance the L-edge of molybdenum at 2500eV has been measured by van Zuylen with primary electrons of 80 kV). It is rather easy to fix a post-specimen magnetic optics on a STEM, but Crewe has recently underlined that great care should be devoted to optimize the collecting power and the energy resolution of the whole system.

Filaments and membranes in the mitotic apparatus

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 544-547
Author(s):  
Kent McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Filaments ◽  
Mitotic Spindle ◽  
Mitotic Apparatus ◽  
Light Microscope Level ◽  
Microtubule Associated Proteins ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Force Generator ◽  
Spindle Function ◽  
Antibody Technology

At the light microscope level the recent developments and interest in antibody technology have permitted the localization of certain non-microtubule proteins within the mitotic spindle, e.g., calmodulin, actin, intermediate filaments, protein kinases and various microtubule associated proteins. Also, the use of fluorescent probes like chlorotetracycline suggest the presence of membranes in the spindle. Localization of non-microtubule structures in the spindle at the EM level has been less rewarding. Some mitosis researchers, e.g., Rarer, have maintained that actin is involved in mitosis movements though the bulk of evidence argues against this interpretation. Others suggest that a microtrabecular network such as found in chromatophore granule movement might be a possible force generator but there is little evidence for or against this view. At the level of regulation of spindle function, Harris and more recently Hepler have argued for the importance of studying spindle membranes. Hepler also believes that membranes might play a structural or mechanical role in moving chromosomes.

Software pattern recognition applied to nanodiffraction patterns from a STEM instrument

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 694-695
Author(s):  
G.Y. Fan ◽  
J.M. Cowley
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Light Level ◽  
Host Computer ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Image Processing System ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
On Line

In recent developments, the ASU HB5 has been modified so that the timing, positioning, and scanning of the finely focused electron probe can be entirely controlled by a host computer. This made the asynchronized handshake possible between the HB5 STEM and the image processing system which consists of host computer (PDP 11/34), DeAnza image processor (IP 5000) which is interfaced with a low-light level TV camera, array processor (AP 400) and various peripheral devices. This greatly facilitates the pattern recognition technique initiated by Monosmith and Cowley. Software called NANHB5 is under development which, instead of employing a set of photo-diodes to detect strong spots on a TV screen, uses various software techniques including on-line fast Fourier transform (FFT) to recognize patterns of greater complexity, taking advantage of the sophistication of our image processing system and the flexibility of computer software.

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