Health literacy and how to communicate effectively with patients to elicit a long-term behavioural change

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Sonal Shah
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Behavioural Change

Health Literacy and Long-Term Care Needs among Thai Elderly in Rural Communities

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 1315-1324
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Study Results

Background: Factors related to long-term care needs have been studied widely, but there is limited research about the influence of health literacy on long-term care needs among the elderly in rural communities where the social context and care environment are uniquely different. Objective: To examine factors influencing long-term care needs among Thai elderly in rural communities. Materials and Methods: The present study used the cross-sectional design. The study sample included 477 elderly persons, who were members of the communities in Nakhon Ratchasima Province. Multi-stage random sampling was used to select participants. They were interviewed using the demographic and health information questionnaire, the Thai Geriatric Depression Scale (TGDS), the health literacy scale of Thai adults and long-term care needs questionnaire. The selected factors examined as independent variables included some demographic factors, depressive symptom, and health literacy. Results: The present study results revealed significant positive relationships existing between long-term care needs with age and depressive symptom, while negative relationships between income and health literacy were reported. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that four of nine determinants of long-term care needs: age, depressive symptom, health knowledge and understanding, and ability managing their health condition significantly predicted long-term care needs at a level of 18% (R² adjusted=0.18, p<0.001). Conclusion: The present study results showed associations between personal and health literacy factors with long-term care needs. These findings prove that it is vitally important for healthcare professionals to consider the rural elderly’s mental health status and health literacy when providing care and planning treatment. Keywords: Health literacy, Long-term care needs, Rural community

Health Literacy in Non-Communicable Diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-297
Author(s):  
Christina Zarcadoolas ◽  
Barbara K. Kondilis
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Education Material ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Patient Outreach

The chapter highlights some of the methods used to embed health literacy principles into patient outreach and education materials about non-communicable diseases: chronic conditions including mental health conditions. A person's or population's understanding and engagement with health represents its health literacy. Health literacy is a form social capital. The authors use an ecological, socially contextualized model of health literacy and demonstrate how it guides the structure and content of health education material in case examples from New York City, United States, and Greece in Europe. While the specific methods used in these cases vary, the essential principal is that it is critical to identify and build on information about an individual's health literacy contextualized in the individual's or group's socio-cultural and lived experiences. Only this way can an individual's or group's health literacy be advanced so that they can engage in behavior changes for both short- and long-term health outcomes.

Peculiarities of health literacy in people with mental disorders: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Katharina Mantell ◽  
Annika Baumeister ◽  
Hildegard Christ ◽  
Stephan Ruhrmann ◽  
Christiane Woopen
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Information ◽  
General Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
German Population ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
General Health Status ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Health literacy (HL) is considered a key concept to positively address relevant decisions concerning physical and mental health. According to an integrated model of a European Consortium, the process to access, understand, appraise and apply health information is at the centre of practising HL. Aim: In this study, we examine HL in a population with an early onset of a mental disorder (MD). Methods: Results are based on a cross-sectional survey among people with MD ( n = 310) who sought help at an early detection centre for MD in Cologne, Dresden or Munich. Help-seekers filled out the European Health Literacy Survey questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q) on perception-based HL, socio-demographic data and general health status. Psychopathology was assessed separately by trained specialists. Data are compared with a representative sample of the German population. Results: Overall, HL was lower in a sample with MD compared with the general population. Disease-specific limitations were present in accessing, appraising and applying health information, whereas understanding was perceived fairly easy. Statistical analysis of limited HL revealed correlations with the diagnosis of affective disorders and anxiety disorders, an increase of depressive symptoms as well as the presence of more than one MD. In line with these findings, low levels of HL were associated with a worse general health status. Conclusion: In a population with MD, accessing, appraising and applying health information seemed to be particularly challenging. Therefore, educational programmes that mainly focus on increasing knowledge might not be sufficient for improving the HL in people with MD. Further research should concentrate on context-specific HL to foster behavioural change and improve overall health.

Shared Reading and Television Across the Perinatal Period in Low-SES Households

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 904-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Hutton ◽  
Li Lin ◽  
Rachel Gruber ◽  
Jennifer Berndsen ◽  
Thomas DeWitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Home Visiting ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Shared Reading ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that shared reading commence as soon as possible after birth and screen-based media be discouraged for those less than 18 months old. Early routines can predict long-term use and health outcomes. This longitudinal study involved low-socioeconomic status mothers (n = 282) enrolled in home visiting. Surveys were administered prenatally and at 2 months old regarding shared reading and infant television viewing, and health literacy was screened prenatally. Planned age to initiate reading decreased from 2.8 to 1.8 months old, 80% reading by 2 months old, averaging 1 to 3 days per week, with “too busy” being the major barrier. Planned age for infant TV decreased from 13.2 to 4.3 months old, 68% viewing by 2 months old and more than half daily. TV was observed in 70% of infant sleep environments. Health literacy was correlated with perceived developmental benefits of shared reading (positively) and TV viewing (negatively), 43% of mothers scoring at risk for inadequate levels. A majority cited the prenatal period as opportune to discuss reading and TV.

Social interaction following severe closed head injury

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Elsass ◽  
G. Kinsella
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Psychiatric Disturbance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Head Injured ◽  
Closed Head

SynopsisThis paper describes research which sought to investigate and describe the interpersonal relationships and vulnerability to psychiatric disturbance in severely closed head injured subjects. The head injured subjects were severely injured, with mild or extremely severely injured individuals being excluded from this study. Self-report by the injured individual was compared with relatives' reports. Fifteen head injured people were individually matched with non-head injured people from the general population who acted as controls. Each subject nominated one ‘close other’ for comparative interview. The dependent variables included interpersonal relationships, non-psychotic psychiatric disturbance and behavioural change.The head injured group differed significantly from the control group in the quantity of interaction but not in the perceived quality of interaction. The groups differed significantly on behavioural change. No significant difference was found between responses given by the head injured and their ‘close other’ compared with the controls. Deficient quantity of interpersonal relationships and greater vulnerability to psychiatric disorders was shown in this sample. Further research on the assessment of long-term social outcome and psychiatric stability in the head injured could assist in the improved long-term rehabilitation of the survivors.

scholarly journals Web-Based Intervention for Developing Long-Term Health Literacy of Individuals: Possibilities and Limitations

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-83
Author(s):  
Aira Aija Krūmiņa ◽  
Jelena Ļubenko
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Online Programs ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Web-based interventions (WBI) are purposefully developed online programs designed for wide range of users (clients, patients, health care specialists, as well as medical practitioners) which allow obtaining and using information on various issues related to health maintenance and improvement. On the basis of the analysis of scientific literature, the article provides an overview of WBI types and components, as well as a structural model of WBI and its user in the context of environment factors. The possibilities of using WBI for developing long-term health literacy of individuals are specified. By summarising the main advantages and limitations of using WBI, the possible suggestions for the WBI use and development are offered.

scholarly journals The Long-Term Effectiveness of Interventions Addressing Mental Health Literacy and Stigma of Mental Illness in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Maria Freţian ◽  
Patricia Graf ◽  
Sandra Kirchhoff ◽  
Gloria Glinphratum ◽  
Torsten M. Bollweg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Mental Health Literacy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Stigmatizing Attitudes

Objectives: This study aims to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on the long-term effects of interventions addressing children’s and adolescents’ mental health literacy and/or stigmatizing attitudes.Methods: Articles in English or German published between January 1997 and May 2020 were retrieved from five databases, leading to a total of 4,375 original articles identified.Results: 25 studies were included after applying exclusion criteria, 13 of which were eligible for meta-analysis. The overall average of the follow-up period was about 5 months. Long-term improvements were sustained for mental health literacy, d = 0.48, 95% CI = (0.34, 0.62), as well as for stigmatizing attitudes, d = 0.30, 95% CI = (0.24, 0.36), and social distance, d = 0.16, 95% CI = (0.03, 0.29). The combination of educational and contact components within interventions led to worse results for mental health literacy, but not stigmatizing attitudes or social distance.Conclusion: Interventions targeting children and adolescents generally have a brief follow-up period of an average of 5 months. They show a stable improvement in mental health literacy, but are to a lesser degree able to destigmatize mental illness or improve social distance.

COVID-19 may permanently alter long-term energy demand

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Recession ◽  
Climate Targets ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Term Energy

Significance Policy responses to the global recession have the potential either to accelerate or retard the energy transition. Economic and social behavioural change as a result of forced learning during lockdowns and continued social distancing may prove permanent. Impacts The fiscal stimuli to ease COVID-19 impacts will expand the role of the state in major economies; this may aid meeting climate targets. Renewable energy will continue increasing its share of electricity generation as planned projects come online and costs fall. The IEA sees energy sector investment plunging by 20% this year; many energy firms may struggle to survive.

Health Literacy and Sustainable Healthcare: Machine Learning Modelling of Health Literacy Disparities in Australia (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Ji
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Management Ability ◽  
Domain 3 ◽  
Information Domain

BACKGROUND Health literacy is a key issue in sustainable healthcare support to reduce health inequality and disparity. In multicultural societies with large and changing migration populations, there is a pressing need to understand the disparity of health literacy among diverse, complex population segments. This study offers much-needed insights into the correlation and interaction among various underlying dimensions of health literacy among diverse populations in Australia. This is based on the 2018 Health Literacy Survey (HLS) conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) with 5,790 fully responding Australian adults aged above 15. OBJECTIVE Using machine learning to identify major contributing factors (especially, specific value ranges of key health literacy domains) to health literacy disparities in Australia. METHODS Statistical machine learning models (XGBoost Tree) were used to identify and measure the disparity of health literacy between Australian populations characterised by demographic, educational and socio-economic attributes: age, sex, country of birth, main language spoken at home, labour force status, equivalised income of household (EIH), family composition of household, level of highest educational attainment, disability status, Australian states and territories, remoteness and index of relative socio-economic disadvantage (SED). RESULTS Our analysis found that among the nine domains of the 2018 Australian HLS, there were distinct patterns of disparities in health literacy among Australians. Populations which reported higher scores of self-health management ability (SHMA) (Domain 3: 3.08-3.22) were Australians aged under 35 or above 55, having Year 12 or above educational attainment, English-speaking, married with/without children, female, in the top two EIH quintiles, in the lowest two SED quintiles, having no disability or restrictive long-term health condition, and living in the states of Queensland, Victoria, Western Australia, South Australia, Northern Territory. Populations which reported lower scores of SHMA (Domain 3: 2.99-3.08) were Australians aged between 35 and 55; having Year 11 or below education; speaking languages other than English at home; living alone or single parents with dependent children, male, in the bottom three EIH quintiles, in the highest three SED quintiles; having profound or severe core activity limitation, or other disability or restrictive long-term health condition, and living in the Australian states of New South Wales, Tasmania, and the Australian Capital Territory. CONCLUSIONS Our study identified major contributing factors (especially, specific value ranges of key health literacy domains) to health literacy disparities in Australia. These include education (Year 10/11 or below), disability (profound/severe disability), household income (lowest quintiles), the relative SED index (highest quintiles), gender (male Australians), age (aged 35-55 years), main home language (other than English), geographical location (major cities, inner, outer regional, remote Australia). Higher value ranges of these variables are strongly associated with higher scores of key health literacy domains such as access to healthcare support (Domain 1), access to sufficient health information (Domain 2), ability to appraise health information (Domain 5), ability to find good health information (Domain 8) and ability to understand health information well to know how to apply the health information (Domain 9). Higher scores on these domains in turn can have real impact on the overall self-health management ability (Domain 3). CLINICALTRIAL n/a

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