γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA): Biosynthesis, Role, Commercial Production, and Applications

2018 ◽  
pp. 413-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deo Rashmi ◽  
Rahul Zanan ◽  
Sheeba John ◽  
Kiran Khandagale ◽  
Altafhusain Nadaf
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Production ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gaba Biosynthesis

scholarly journals Production of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid from Lactic Acid Bacteria: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhua Cui ◽  
Kai Miao ◽  
Siripitakyotin Niyaphorn ◽  
Xiaojun Qu
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Gaba Production ◽  
Gaba Biosynthesis

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is widely distributed in nature and considered a potent bioactive compound with numerous and important physiological functions, such as anti-hypertensive and antidepressant activities. There is an ever-growing demand for GABA production in recent years. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are one of the most important GABA producers because of their food-grade nature and potential of producing GABA-rich functional foods directly. In this paper, the GABA-producing LAB species, the biosynthesis pathway of GABA by LAB, and the research progress of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD), the key enzyme of GABA biosynthesis, were reviewed. Furthermore, GABA production enhancement strategies are reviewed, from optimization of culture conditions and genetic engineering to physiology-oriented engineering approaches and co-culture methods. The advances in both the molecular mechanisms of GABA biosynthesis and the technologies of synthetic biology and genetic engineering will promote GABA production of LAB to meet people’s demand for GABA. The aim of the review is to provide an insight of microbial engineering for improved production of GABA by LAB in the future.

scholarly journals Regulation of Heat Shock Factor Pathways by γ-aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Associated with Thermotolerance of Creeping Bentgrass

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 4713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Liu ◽  
Zhaoqiao Liu ◽  
Zhou Li ◽  
Yan Peng ◽  
Xinquan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Shock ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Heat Shock Factor ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Heat Damage ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability ◽  
Endogenous Gaba ◽  
Gaba Biosynthesis

Activation and enhancement of heat shock factor (HSF) pathways are important adaptive responses to heat stress in plants. The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in regulating heat tolerance, but it is unclear whether GABA-induced thermotolerance is associated with activation of HSF pathways in plants. In this study, the changes of endogenous GABA level affecting physiological responses and genes involved in HSF pathways were investigated in creeping bentgrass during heat stress. The increase in endogenous GABA content induced by exogenous application of GABA effectively alleviated heat damage, as reflected by higher leaf relative water content, cell membrane stability, photosynthesis, and lower oxidative damage. Contrarily, the inhibition of GABA accumulation by the application of GABA biosynthesis inhibitor further aggravated heat damage. Transcriptional analyses showed that exogenous GABA could significantly upregulate transcript levels of genes encoding heat shock factor HSFs (HSFA-6a, HSFA-2c, and HSFB-2b), heat shock proteins (HSP17.8, HSP26.7, HSP70, and HSP90.1-b1), and ascorbate peroxidase 3 (APX3), whereas the inhibition of GABA biosynthesis depressed these genes expression under heat stress. Our results indicate GABA regulates thermotolerance associated with activation and enhancement of HSF pathways in creeping bentgrass.

The Commercial Production of Oxygen

1909 ◽  
Vol 67 (1736supp) ◽  
pp. 233-234
Author(s):  
Alfred Gradenwitz
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Production

Purification of Antihemophilic Factor (Factor VIII) by Amino Acid Precipitation*

1964 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 064-074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H Wagner ◽  
William D McLester ◽  
Marion Smith ◽  
K. M Brinkhous
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Acid Precipitation ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Specific Procedure ◽  
Beta Alanine ◽  
Antihemophilic Factor

Summary1. The use of several amino acids, glycine, alpha-aminobutyric acid, alanine, beta-alanine, and gamma-aminobutyric acid, as plasma protein precipitants is described.2. A specific procedure is detailed for the preparation of canine antihemophilic factor (AHF, Factor VIII) in which glycine, beta-alanine, and gammaaminobutyric acid serve as the protein precipitants.3. Preliminary results are reported for the precipitation of bovine and human AHF with amino acids.

A Simple Method for Preparing Fibrinogen

1966 ◽  
Vol 16 (01/02) ◽  
pp. 198-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Straughn ◽  
R. H Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Barium Sulfate ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Gamma Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Marked Stability

SummaryA simple new procedure is reported for the isolation of canine, bovine, porcine, and human fibrinogen. Two molar β-alanine is used to precipitate fibrinogen from barium sulfate adsorbed plasma. The procedure is characterized by dependability and high yields. The material is 95% to 98% clottable protein but still contains impurities such as plasminogen and fibrin-stabilizing factor. Plasminogen may be removed by adsorption with charcoal. The fibrinogen preparations exhibit marked stability to freezing, lyophilization, and dialysis. Epsilon-amino-n-caproic acid and gamma-aminobutyric acid which were also studied have the property of precipitating proteins from plasma but lack the specificity for fibrinogen found with β-alanine.

Tospovirus-Resistant Tomato Varieties for Southern Florida

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Wente ◽  
Samuel F. Hutton ◽  
Scott Adkins ◽  
William Turechek ◽  
Joseph E. Funderburk
Keyword(s):  
Virus Resistance ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Dade County ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Southern Florida

Authors describe performance of Tospovirus-resistant tomato varieties under commercial production settings in Dade County, FL. Virus resistance has become important for this area since the emergence of two new tomato-infecting tospoviruses. Knowledge of availability and performance of resistant varieties will help growers who are looking for alternative varieties.

Effect of planting time on the performance of broccoli under Mizoram conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Donnie Lalfakzuala Kawlni ◽  
Chhungpuii Khawlhring
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Production ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Vegetable Crop ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Planting Time ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cultural Requirements

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), a popular vegetable crop, has one of the most exacting climatic and cultural requirements, which limit its commercial production to a few favored locations. A field experiment was conducted at Mizoram University, Tanhril, Mizoram during winter of 2013/2014 to find out the effect of time of sowing on plant performance and yield of broccoli. Six sowing time was done viz. 17 October (T1), 24 October (T2), 31 October (T3), 7 November (T4), 14 November (T5) and 21 November (T6) with plant spacing of 45cm x 45cm. Yield and yield contributing characters were significantly influenced by the planting time. Highest average weight of marketable curd per plant (199.20 g) was obtained from T2, whereas lowest average weight obtained from T6 (75 g). The influence of planting time also showed significant difference on the calculated yield (tonnes per hectare) of broccoli, in which T2 showed highest marketable yield of 9.83 t/ha.

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