COXIELLA BURNETI: RECENT ADVANCES IN THE BIOLOGY OF THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF Q FEVER

1966 ◽  
pp. 435-436
Author(s):  
R.A. ORMSBEE
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Recent Advances

scholarly journals De novoNAD synthesis is required for intracellular replication ofCoxiella burnetii, the causative agent of the neglected zoonotic disease Q fever

2018 ◽  
Vol 293 (48) ◽  
pp. 18636-18645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mebratu A. Bitew ◽  
Chen Ai Khoo ◽  
Nitika Neha ◽  
David P. De Souza ◽  
Dedreia Tull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Zoonotic Disease ◽  
Intracellular Replication

Cases of Q fever detected in residents of the novosibirsk region hospitalized with suspection of infections transmitted by ticks

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
E. I. Bondarenko ◽  
E. S. Filimonova ◽  
E. I. Krasnova ◽  
E. V. Krinitsina ◽  
S. E. Tkachev
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Republic

Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of Q fever (coxiellosis), which, in addition to acute manifestations, often occurs in a latent form, is prone to chronic course and, in the absence of antibiotic therapy, has a high risk of disability or death. As a result of the presence of a wide range of clinical manifestations specific to other infectious diseases, the use of laboratory test methods (LTM) is required to make a diagnosis. The presence of Q fever anthropurgic foci in the Novosibirsk region was described in the 90s of the last century, but due attention to its laboratory diagnostics is not paid in this region. The aim of the study was to identify genetic and serological markers of the causative agent, C. burnetii, in patients of the Novosibirsk region who were admitted for treatment with fever with suspected tick-borne infections (TBIs). DNA marker of the causative agent of Q fever was detected in blood samples by real time PCR in 9 out of 325 patients. In three patients, the presence of C. burnetii DNA was confirmed by sequencing of the IS1111 and htpB gene fragments. In ELISA tests, antibodies against the causative agent of coxiellosis were detected in the blood sera of 4 patients with positive results of PCR analysis. Contact with tick was registered in 7 out of 9 patients who had C. burnetii DNA and lacked markers of other TBIs. Six people were infected in the Novosibirsk region, two suffered from tick’s bite in Altai, and one case was from the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. Thus, a complex approach using both PCR analysis and ELISA provided the identification of markers of the Q fever causative agent in patients admitted with suspected TBIs, thereby differentiating it from other infections. Contact with ticks in most cases suggests that infection with C. burnetii had a transmissible pathway.

scholarly journals Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever in Saudi Arabia: molecular detection from camel and other domestic livestock

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 715-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama B. Mohammed ◽  
Abdulrahman A. Jarelnabi ◽  
Riyadh S. Aljumaah ◽  
Mohammed A. Alshaikh ◽  
Amel O. Bakhiet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Domestic Livestock

Indication Q fever pathogen in the south of Far east

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 724-728
Author(s):  
V. A. Lubova ◽  
G. N. Leonova ◽  
A. L. Shutikova ◽  
E. I. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Far East ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Q fever (coxiellosis) is a widespread natural focal disease in the world. The causative agent of coxiellosis is the gram-negative bacterium Coxiella burnetii, which is highly contagious and low virulence. The main carriers of C. burnetii are ixodid ticks, which feed on domestic and farm animals in anthropurgic foci. To address the possible circulation of the Q fever pathogen in the territory of the Primorsky Territory, 334 samples of various natural material collected in the spring-summer period of 2019 were studied. In the vicinity of the Vladivostok (on Reineke island), genetic markers of C. burnetii were detected in 19.7% of all tick species. In the Khankaisk region, coxiella DNA was detected more often (in 6.3%) in ticks of D. silvarum, in ticks of I. persulcatus and H. japonica, 1 case was detected. From 56 copies. ixodid ticks sucked to humans, C. burnetii DNA was detected in ticks of I. persulcatus in 38.8%, H. concinna - in 14.3%. In the serum of farm animals, the presence of coxiella in sheep in 3 samples was detected, in horses - in two. Sequencing of the obtained sequences showed the presence of the pathogen C. burnetii in the blood serum of animals. The ticks have stuck to people in 6 samples were identified C. burnetii and 6 samples - Coxiella-like endosymbiont. The presented results indicate the circulation of the causative agent of Q fever in the territory of the Primorsky Territory. To obtain a more complete description of the current epidemiological situation, it is necessary to conduct more extensive studies of natural material and blood of people with suspected Q fever.

scholarly journals Lectin Protein as a Promising Component to Functionalize Micelles, Liposomes and Lipid NPs against Coronavirus

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 580
Author(s):  
Mehran Alavi ◽  
Kofi Asare-Addo ◽  
Ali Nokhodchi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Cell Binding ◽  
Liposomal Formulations ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Lectin Protein

The outbreak of a novel strain coronavirus as the causative agent of COVID-19 pneumonia, first identified in Wuhan, China in December 2019, has resulted in considerable focus on virulence abilities of coronavirus. Lectins are natural proteins with the ability to bind specific carbohydrates related to various microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites. Lectins have the ability to agglutinate and neutralize these pathogeneses. The delivery of the encapsulated antiviral agents or vaccines across the cell membrane can be possible by functionalized micellar and liposomal formulations. In this mini-review, recent advances and challenges related to important lectins with inhibition activities against coronaviruses are presented to obtain a novel viewpoint of microformulations or nanoformulations by micellar and liposomal cell-binding carriers.

scholarly journals DNA microarray-based detection of Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gernot Schmoock ◽  
Ralf Ehricht ◽  
Lisa D Sprague
Keyword(s):  
Dna Microarray ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Q Fever

scholarly journals Rickettsia burneti and Brucella melitensis co-infection: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangqin Song ◽  
Xiaolong Li ◽  
Xiaorong Hu ◽  
Yan Ding ◽  
Junyang Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Brucella Melitensis ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Excessive Sweating ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Missed Diagnosis ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Abstract Background Rickettsia burneti is the causative agent of Q fever, Brucella melitensis is the causative agent of brucellosis, both of which are intracellular parasitic gram-negative bacteria. Rickettsia burneti and Brucella melitensis coinfection is fairly rarely reported in clinical. Early diagnosis and treatment are of great significance to the treatment and prognosis of brucellosis and Q fever. Case Presentation Here, we report a case of Rickettsia burneti and Brucella melitensis co-infection. The patient is a 49-year-old sheepherder, was hospitalized for left forearm trauma. Three days after admission, the patient’s fever up to 39.0°C with excessive sweating, weakness, loss of appetite and headache. Rickettsia burneti IgM was detected positive by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). After 72 hours blood culture incubation, bacterial growth was detected in aerobic bottles, Gram-negative bacilli were found in culture medium smear, the colony was identified as Brucella melitensis by mass spectrometry. The patient accept therapy of doxycycline (100 mg bid, po) and rifampicin (600 mg qd, po) for a total duration of four weeks. After receiving treatment, the patient’s symptoms disappeared rapidly, there has been no relapse or signs of chronic infection.Conclusion For high-risk practitioners, Q fever and brucellosis may be present in one patient, we should routinely test for both pathogens through a variety of tests to prevent missed diagnosis.

scholarly journals Monitoring of the Epidemic Situation with Q Fever in the Regions of Ukraine

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olha Zarichna
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Coxiella Burnetii ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Natural Foci ◽  
Serological Studies ◽  
Endemic Areas

ObjectiveTo investigate Q fever pathogen distribution among ixodic ticks, myomorphic rodents, febrile patients, residents of enzootic areas with Q fever and persons in contact with Q fever, specifically infected persons in the Southern and Western regions of Ukraine.IntroductionImprovement of the Q fever epizootic and epidemiological surveillance system remains an urgent veterinary service and healthcare problem in Ukraine. The grounds for this should be laid by the results of monitoring studies of persons with a professional infection risk (livestock farms, animal processing enterprises, veterinary specialists, etc.) and living in enzootic territories , as well as research of Q fever pathogen possible sources reservoirs.MethodsReal-time PCR - detection of specific DNA segments of Coxiella burnetii with application of commercial reagent kits. Immunofluorescence microscopy - detection of antigens/antibodies of studied rickettsia in biological substrates using luminescent immune sera labeled with fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate. Epidemiological methods - analysis of infectious diseases foci epidemiological maps. Statistical methods - data analysis using such software as Excel and Quantum GIS (1.6.0).ResultsPrimarily, Q fever endemic areas are formed because of the circulation of Coxiella burnetii in warm-blooded animal populations and their blood-sucking ectoparasites, which are the main source of the infection in humans. Based on the aggregated data received from multi-year research projects in Ukraine, Q fever enzootic territories were found in 18 administrative regions, Crimea and the city of Sevastopol. Currently we know of 257 areas where the pathogen was detected. The epidemic process in these territories is manifested by sporadic human diseases and the detection of the pathogen in natural carriers. The possibility of the natural foci epidemic potential increase in these territories is confirmed by the higher titers of Q fever pathogen specific antibodies detected in the local population.The results of the research of the infected material that was collected in Southern Ukraine during 2014-2016, showed the preservation of the Q fever causative agent in natural foci both in Danube-Dniester interfluve area of Odesa region and in Trans-Dnistrer areas, and its significantly less prevalent in the area adjacent to Odessa. In addition, the signs of natural foci formation have been revealed in other areas, which is indicative of current epidemic activity of natural foci of the infection. The results of serological studies and clinical and epidemiological surveys indicate that in the immunological structure of the population of the Danube-Dniester interfluve areas of Odessa region, Q fever is most common in rural population of working age, especially those constantly contact with farm animals. In the Ivano-Frankivsk region, serological studies in 2014 -2016, detected no Q fever seropositive people, indicating the pathogen being in the reserve stage, which corresponds to the inter-epidemic period. At the same time, the detection of C. burnetii in ticks in the enzootic territories indicates the possibility of the pre-epidemic process being formed.Since by pathogen range and transmission mechanisms Q fever in Ukraine is associated with many natural-focal zoonotic infections, it is advisable to monitor endemic areas using a modern observation algorithm using the introduction of geoinformation systems and the molecular genetic characteristics of circulating strains. This will increase the effectiveness of the detection of current natural and anthropurgic foci of such infections, will contribute to their detailed characterization and systematization, improve epidemiological surveillance and prevent the emergence of epidemic outbreaks among the population. The results of the research will contribute to the improvement of differential diagnosis of febrile states with an unclear etiologic agent.ConclusionsThe results of the Q fever pathogen detection in the material collected in Southern and Western regions of Ukraine showed that the area of prevalence of this agent has been expanded to the areas and settlements that are not included in the list of enzootic territories. Involvement in the ecological cycles of ixodic ticks and mouse-like rodents was observed. The presence of polyvectoral and polyhostal natural foci of this infection was found. The circulation of the causative agent of Q fever in the territories of Odesa and Ivano-Frankivsk regions where epidemic outbreaks and sporadic disease in people were also observed.References1. Surveillance Atlas of Infectious Diseases // http://atlas.ecdc.europa.eu/public/index.aspx.2. UCDCM Information Sheet as of 07/21/2010 No. 04.4-31/40/868 On Epidemic and Epizootic Situation with Zoonotic Infections Common for Humans and Animals and Methods of their Prevention in Ukraine.

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