Trends in Frequency of E-cigarette Use Among Cancer Patients and Survivors in the United States, 2014-2018

2021 ◽  
pp. 106913
Author(s):  
Elena O. Dewar ◽  
Edward Christopher Dee ◽  
Melaku A. Arega ◽  
Chul Ahn ◽  
Nina N. Sanford
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cigarette Use

Quality Control of Data in a Large-Scale Cancer Register Program

1966 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. I. Lourie ◽  
W. Haenszeland
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Related Data ◽  
Cancer Register ◽  
Independent Review ◽  
End Results

Quality control of data collected in the United States by the Cancer End Results Program utilizing punchcards prepared by participating registries in accordance with a Uniform Punchcard Code is discussed. Existing arrangements decentralize responsibility for editing and related data processing to the local registries with centralization of tabulating and statistical services in the End Results Section, National Cancer Institute. The most recent deck of punchcards represented over 600,000 cancer patients; approximately 50,000 newly diagnosed cases are added annually.Mechanical editing and inspection of punchcards and field audits are the principal tools for quality control. Mechanical editing of the punchcards includes testing for blank entries and detection of in-admissable or inconsistent codes. Highly improbable codes are subjected to special scrutiny. Field audits include the drawing of a 1-10 percent random sample of punchcards submitted by a registry; the charts are .then reabstracted and recoded by a NCI staff member and differences between the punchcard and the results of independent review are noted.

Prevalence of pulmonary embolism in 127 945 autopsies performed in cancer patients in the United States between 2003 and 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1591-1593
Author(s):  
Luca Valerio ◽  
Giacomo Turatti ◽  
Frederikus A. Klok ◽  
Stavros V. Konstantinides ◽  
Nils Kucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
The United States

Exploring Stakeholder and Parent Perspectives of a County Response to Adolescent Vaping and E-Cigarette Use

2021 ◽  
pp. 002204262199349
Author(s):  
Natasha Kurji ◽  
Thomas Koza ◽  
Amanda Sharp ◽  
Kathleen Moore
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Classroom Observations ◽  
School Age ◽  
Parent Perspectives ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Perceived Effectiveness ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Hillsborough County

In the United States, regular cigarette use has steadily declined over the years; however, it has been met with an increase in vaping and e-cigarette use. In Tampa, Florida, this trend has been found especially prevalent among school-aged youth. To combat issues of substance use among youth and prevent criminalization for nonviolent crimes, school-age youth cited for use and possession of tobacco products in Hillsborough County were mandated to attend the Youth Tobacco Awareness Course (YTAC). The aim of this study was to investigate YTAC for its perceived effectiveness and usefulness in mitigating adolescent e-cigarette use. Classroom observations, parent focus groups, and program stakeholder interviews were conducted to comprehensively evaluate this program. Findings from this evaluation led to a deeper understanding of the barriers and facilitators to an effective course, the needs and perceptions of program stakeholders, as well as recommendations for improved future interventions.

scholarly journals E-cigarette use and adverse respiratory symptoms among adolescents and Young adults in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 106766
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. Chaffee ◽  
Jessica Barrington-Trimis ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Ran Wu ◽  
Rob McConnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Cigarette Use

Menthol Cigarettes, Tobacco Dependence, and Smoking Persistence: The Need to Examine Enhanced Cognitive Functioning as a Neuropsychological Mechanism

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy C Jao ◽  
Marcia M Tan ◽  
Phoenix A Matthews ◽  
Melissa A Simon ◽  
Robert Schnoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Tobacco Dependence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Menthol Cigarette ◽  
Menthol Cigarettes

Abstract Introduction Despite the overall decline in the prevalence of cigarette use in the United States, menthol cigarette use among smokers is rising, and evidence shows that it may lead to more detrimental effects on public health than regular cigarette use. One of the mechanisms by which nicotine sustains tobacco use and dependence is due to its cognitive enhancing properties, and basic science literature suggests that menthol may also enhance nicotine’s acute effect on cognition. Aims and Methods The purpose of this review is to suggest that the cognitive enhancing effects of menthol may be a potentially important neuropsychological mechanism that has yet to be examined. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of basic science studies examining neurobiological and cognitive effects of menthol and menthol cigarette smoking. We also review studies examining menthol essential oils among humans that indicate menthol alone has acute cognitive enhancing properties. Finally, we present factors influencing the rising prevalence of menthol cigarette use among smokers and the importance of this gap in the literature to improve public health and smoking cessation treatment. Conclusions Despite the compelling evidence for menthol’s acute cognitive enhancing and reinforcing effects, this mechanism for sustaining tobacco dependence and cigarette use has yet to be examined and validated among humans. On the basis of the basic science evidence for menthol’s neurobiological effects on nicotinic receptors and neurotransmitters, perhaps clarifying menthol’s effect on cognitive performance can help to elucidate the complicated literature examining menthol and tobacco dependence. Implications Menthol cigarette use has continued to be a topic of debate among researchers and policy makers, because of its implications for understanding menthol’s contribution to nicotine dependence and smoking persistence, as well as its continued use as a prevalent flavoring in tobacco and nicotine products in the United States and internationally. As international tobacco regulation policies have begun to target menthol cigarettes, research studies need to examine how flavoring additives, specifically menthol, may acutely influence neurobiological and cognitive functioning as a potential mechanism of sustained smoking behavior to develop more effective treatments.

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