Use of plant viruses and virus-like particles for the creation of novel vaccines

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 119-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Balke ◽  
Andris Zeltins
Keyword(s):  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
The Creation

Prospects of the Use of Bacteriophage-based Virus-like Particles in the Creation of Vaccines to Anthrax

2016 ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
A. V. LETAROV ◽  
Yu. K. BIRIUKOVA ◽  
A. S. EPREMYAN ◽  
A. B. SHEVELEV
Keyword(s):  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
The Creation

scholarly journals Recent Advances in the Use of Plant Virus-Like Particles as Vaccines

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Balke ◽  
Andris Zeltins
Keyword(s):  
Plant Virus ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Therapeutic Vaccines ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Central Elements ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Anticancer Vaccines ◽  
Effective Public Health ◽  
Near Future

Vaccination is one of the most effective public health interventions of the 20th century. All vaccines can be classified into different types, such as vaccines against infectious diseases, anticancer vaccines and vaccines against autoimmune diseases. In recent decades, recombinant technologies have enabled the design of experimental vaccines against a wide range of diseases using plant viruses and virus-like particles as central elements to stimulate protective and long-lasting immune responses. The analysis of recent publications shows that at least 97 experimental vaccines have been constructed based on plant viruses, including 71 vaccines against infectious agents, 16 anticancer vaccines and 10 therapeutic vaccines against autoimmune disorders. Several plant viruses have already been used for the development of vaccine platforms and have been tested in human and veterinary studies, suggesting that plant virus-based vaccines will be introduced into clinical and veterinary practice in the near future.

scholarly journals Plant Virus Metagenomics: Advances in Virus Discovery

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn J. Roossinck ◽  
Darren P. Martin ◽  
Philippe Roumagnac
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Deep Sequencing ◽  
Plant Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Virus Discovery ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Virus Like Particles

In recent years plant viruses have been detected from many environments, including domestic and wild plants and interfaces between these systems—aquatic sources, feces of various animals, and insects. A variety of methods have been employed to study plant virus biodiversity, including enrichment for virus-like particles or virus-specific RNA or DNA, or the extraction of total nucleic acids, followed by next-generation deep sequencing and bioinformatic analyses. All of the methods have some shortcomings, but taken together these studies reveal our surprising lack of knowledge about plant viruses and point to the need for more comprehensive studies. In addition, many new viruses have been discovered, with most virus infections in wild plants appearing asymptomatic, suggesting that virus disease may be a byproduct of domestication. For plant pathologists these studies are providing useful tools to detect viruses, and perhaps to predict future problems that could threaten cultivated plants.

scholarly journals Thermal remodelling of Alternanthera mosaic virus virions and virus-like particles into protein spherical particles

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0255378
Author(s):  
Tatiana I. Manukhova ◽  
Ekaterina A. Evtushenko ◽  
Alexander L. Ksenofontov ◽  
Alexander M. Arutyunyan ◽  
Angelina O. Kovalenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Helical Structure ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Structural Characterisation ◽  
Formation Conditions ◽  
Flexible Plant

The present work addresses the thermal remodelling of flexible plant viruses with a helical structure and virus-like particles (VLPs). Here, for the first time, the possibility of filamentous Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV) virions’ thermal transition into structurally modified spherical particles (SP) has been demonstrated. The work has established differences in formation conditions of SP from virions (SPV) and VLPs (SPVLP) that are in accordance with structural data (on AltMV virions and VLPs). SP originate from AltMV virions through an intermediate stage. However, the same intermediate stage was not detected during AltMV VLPs’ structural remodelling. According to the biochemical analysis, AltMV SPV consist of protein and do not include RNA. The structural characterisation of AltMV SPV/VLP by circular dichroism, intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy and thioflavin T fluorescence assay has been performed. AltMV SPV/VLP adsorption properties and the availability of chemically reactive surface amino acids have been analysed. The revealed characteristics of AltMV SPV/VLP indicate that they could be applied as protein platforms for target molecules presentation and for the design of functionally active complexes.

Prospects of the use of bacteriophage-based virus-like particles in the creation of anthrax vaccines

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 818-827
Author(s):  
A. V. Letarov ◽  
Yu. K. Biryukova ◽  
A. S. Epremyan ◽  
A. B. Shevelev
Keyword(s):  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Anthrax Vaccines

scholarly journals Encapsidation of DNA, a protein and a fluorophore into virus-like particles by the capsid protein of cucumber mosaic virus

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 1120-1126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Lu ◽  
Jeremy R. Thompson ◽  
Keith L. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Protein Cage ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Lower Size

An important property of some spherical plant viruses is their ability to reassemble in vitro from native capsid protein (CP) and RNA into infectious virus-like particles (VLPs). Virions of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) are stabilized by protein–RNA interactions and the nucleic acid is essential for assembly. This study demonstrated that VLPs will form in the presence of both ssDNA and dsDNA oligonucleotides, and with a lower size limit of 20 nt. Based on urea disruption assays, assembled VLPs from CMV CP and RNA (termed ReCMV) exhibited a level of stability similar to that of virions purified from plants, whilst VLPs from CMV CP and a 20mer exhibited comparable or greater stability. Fluorescent labelling of VLPs was achieved by the encapsidation of an Alexa Fluor 488-labelled 45mer oligonucleotide (ReCMV-Alexa488-45) and confirmed by transmission electron and confocal microscopy. Using ssDNA as a nucleating factor, encapsidation of fluorescently labelled streptavidin (53 kDa) conjugated to a biotinylated oligonucleotide was observed. The biological activity and stability of ReCMV and ReCMV-Alexa488-45 was confirmed in infectivity assays and insect vector feeding assays. This work demonstrates the utility of CMV CP as a protein cage for use in the growing repertoire of nanotechnological applications.

scholarly journals Cowpea Mosaic Virus Nanoparticles and Empty Virus-Like Particles Show Distinct but Overlapping Immunostimulatory Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Wang ◽  
Veronique Beiss ◽  
Nicole F. Steinmetz
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Tumor Regression ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Cowpea Mosaic Virus ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Tumor Mouse Model ◽  
Cell Expression

ABSTRACT Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) is a plant virus that has been developed for multiple biomedical and nanotechnology applications, including immunotherapy. Two key platforms are available: virus nanoparticles (VNPs) based on the complete CMPV virion, including the genomic RNA, and virus-like nanoparticles (VLPs) based on the empty CPMV (eCPMV) virion. It is unclear whether these platforms differ in terms of immunotherapeutic potential. We therefore compared their physicochemical properties and immunomodulatory activities following in situ vaccination of an aggressive ovarian tumor mouse model (ID8-Defb29/Vegf-A). In physicochemical terms, CPMV and eCPMV were very similar, and both significantly increased the survival of tumor-bearing mice and showed promising antitumor efficacy. However, they demonstrated distinct yet overlapping immunostimulatory effects due to the presence of virus RNA in wild-type particles, indicating their suitability for different immunotherapeutic strategies. Specifically, we found that the formulations had similar effects on most secreted cytokines and immune cells, but the RNA-containing CPMV particles were uniquely able to boost populations of potent antigen-presenting cells, such as tumor-infiltrating neutrophils and activated dendritic cells. Our results will facilitate the development of CPMV and eCPMV as immunotherapeutic vaccine platforms with tailored responses. IMPORTANCE The engagement of antiviral effector responses caused by viral infection is essential when using viruses or virus-like particles (VLPs) as an immunotherapeutic agent. Here, we compare the chemophysical and immunostimulatory properties of wild-type cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) (RNA containing) and eCPMV (RNA-free VLPs) produced from two expression systems (agrobacterium-based plant expression system and baculovirus-insect cell expression). CPMV and eCPMV could each be developed as novel adjuvants to overcome immunosuppression and thus promote tumor regression in ovarian cancer (and other tumor types). To our knowledge, this is the first study to define the immunotherapeutic differences between CPMV and eCPMV, which is essential for the further development of biomedical applications for plant viruses and the selection of rational combinations of immunomodulatory reagents.

scholarly journals In vitro-reassembled plant virus-like particles for loading of polyacids

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 2749-2754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yupeng Ren ◽  
Sek-Man Wong ◽  
Lee-Yong Lim
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Protein Cages ◽  
Large Molecules ◽  
Protein Cage ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Structural Conformation ◽  
Foreign Materials

The coat protein (CP) of certain plant viruses may reassemble into empty virus-like particles (VLPs) and these protein cages may serve as potential drug delivery platforms. In this paper, the production of novel VLPs from the Hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (HCRSV) is reported and the capacity to load foreign materials was characterized. VLPs were readily produced by destabilizing the HCRSV in 8 M urea or Tris buffer pH 8, in the absence of calcium ions, followed by removal of viral RNA by ultrahigh-speed centrifugation and the reassembly of the CP in sodium acetate buffer pH 5. The loading of foreign materials into the VLPs was dependent on electrostatic interactions. Anionic polyacids, such as polystyrenesulfonic acid and polyacrylic acid, were successfully loaded but neutrally charged dextran molecules were not. The molecular-mass threshold for the polyacid cargo was about 13 kDa, due to the poor retention of smaller molecules, which readily diffused through the holes between the S domains present on the surface of the VLPs. These holes precluded the entry of large molecules, but allowed smaller molecules to enter or exit. The polyacid-loaded VLPs had comparable size, morphology and surface-charge density to the native HCRSV, and the amount of polyacids loaded was comparable to the weight of the native genomic materials. The conditions applied to disassembly–reassembly of the virions did not change the structural conformation of the CP. HCRSV-derived VLPs may provide a promising nano-sized protein cage for delivery of anionic drug molecules.

scholarly journals Alternanthera mosaic potexvirus: Several Features, Properties, and Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Donchenko ◽  
Ekaterina Trifonova ◽  
Nikolai Nikitin ◽  
Joseph Atabekov ◽  
Olga Karpova
Keyword(s):  
Genome Structure ◽  
Structural Difference ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Target Antigen ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Time ◽  
High Immunogenicity

Alternanthera mosaic virus(AltMV) is a typical member of thePotexvirusgenus in its morphology and genome structure; still it exhibits a number of unique features. They allow this virus to be considered a promising object for biotechnology. Virions and virus-like particles (VLPs) of AltMV are stable in a wide range of conditions, including sera of laboratory animals. AltMV VLPs can assemble at various pH and ionic strengths. Furthermore, AltMV virions and VLPs demonstrate high immunogenicity, enhancing the immune response to the target antigen thus offering the possibility of being used as potential adjuvants. Recently, for the first time for plant viruses, we showed the structural difference between morphologically similar viral and virus-like particles on AltMV virions and VLPs. In this review, we discuss the features of AltMV virions, AltMV VLP assembly, and their structure and properties, as well as the characteristics of AltMV isolates, host plants, infection symptoms, AltMV isolation and purification, genome structure, viral proteins, and AltMV-based vectors.

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