Effects of various cutting treatments and topographic factors on microclimatic conditions in Dinaric fir-beech forests

Abstract The main subject of this paper focuses on scientific and research activities conducted in the Institute of Mining Engineering and Safety of the VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava. Cooperation between the VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava and OKD A.S., the only representative of coal mining in the Ostrava-Karviná coal basin, has recently begun to develop again. This paper describes an example discussed in a certain study, which has been undertaken for the Paskov mine, OKD a.s., dealing specifically with the evolution of microclimate parameters in mines that depend on the progress of mining activity at deeper levels over a period of several years. To this end, a special program, aimed at determination of the necessary refrigerating capacity, was established at the VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava.

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The first data on the lichen flora of Dagestan beech forests

Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii ◽

10.31111/nsnr/2013.47.215 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 215-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. B. Ismailov ◽

G. P. Urbanavichus

Keyword(s):

Lichen Species ◽

The South ◽

Beech Forests ◽

Saprotrophic Fungi ◽

South Eastern ◽

Caucasus Mountains ◽

First Time ◽

Lichen Flora

49 lichen species and 2 species of non-lichenized saprotrophic fungi are recorded for the first time in beech forests of the south-eastern part of piedmont Dagestan. Among them, 34 species and 9 genera are new to Dagestan Republic, and 2 species, Diplotomma pharcidium (Ach.) M. Choisy and Rinodina albana (A. Massal.) A. Massal., are new to Caucasus Mountains.

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Beech sapling architecture following small and medium gap disturbances in silver fir-beech old-growth forests in Slovenia

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen ◽

10.3188/szf.2005.0481 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 156 (12) ◽

pp. 481-486 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jurij Diaci ◽

Lahorka Kozjek

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Quality Characteristics ◽

Stem Length ◽

Silver Fir ◽

Beech Forests ◽

Vertical Growth ◽

Relative Light Intensity ◽

Stem Bending ◽

Negative Effect

The objective of our research was to examine the effect of canopy shading on beech sapling architecture in the oldgrowth silver fir-beech forests of Pecka and Rajhenavski Rog. In August 2003 we sampled one plot (352 m2) in a large gap in Pecka, which was a result of a strong windstorm in 1983, and eight small gaps (26–78 m2) with similar sapling heights (3.8–8 m). A ground view of each gap was drawn including the characteristics of gap border trees and the density of separate sapling layers was recorded. The height and diameter were measured for each sapling, as well as the following quality characteristics on selected dominant saplings: width of the crown,number of larger branches and knots (>1/3 DBH), intensity of stem bending, deviation from vertical growth, number of terminal shoots, and the type of damage. The results show a negative effect of high canopy shading (estimated relative light intensity was below 5%) on the architectural quality of saplings. A lower overall density of saplings, greater intensity of bending and deviation from vertical growth, a shorter stem length without branches, a larger number of saplings with two terminal shoots, and a larger number of damaged saplings were observed in small gaps.

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SOLAR ENERGY UTILISATION FOR PROVIDING AND MAINTAINING OPTIMAL MICROCLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF GREENHOUSE CUCUMBER. PART I: THERMAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SOLAR WATER HEATER

Misr Journal of Agricultural Engineering ◽

10.21608/mjae.2009.108708 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 1377-1396

Author(s):

S. M. ABDELLATIF ◽

M. A. EL-ADL ◽

A. H. Silim

Keyword(s):

Performance Analysis ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Thermal Performance ◽

Solar Water Heater ◽

Water Heater ◽

Solar Water ◽

Greenhouse Cucumber ◽

Microclimatic Conditions

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Carbon and Nitrogen Pools and Fluxes in Adjacent Mature Norway Spruce and European Beech Forests

Forests ◽

10.3390/f7110282 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 282 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Filip Oulehle ◽

Michal Růžek ◽

Karolina Tahovská ◽

Jiří Bárta ◽

Oldřich Myška

Keyword(s):

Norway Spruce ◽

European Beech ◽

Beech Forests ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Pools

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Forest stand structure and coarse woody debris determine the biodiversity of beetle communities in Mediterranean mountain beech forests

Global Ecology and Conservation ◽

10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01637 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. e01637

Author(s):

Francesco Parisi ◽

Michele Innangi ◽

Roberto Tognetti ◽

Fabio Lombardi ◽

Gherardo Chirici ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coarse Woody Debris ◽

Stand Structure ◽

Woody Debris ◽

Forest Stand ◽

Beech Forests ◽

Forest Stand Structure

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Disturbances to the Ground and to the Stand in Beech Forests Due to Thinning Treatments Performed by Different Levels of Mechanization

Environmental Sciences Proceedings ◽

10.3390/iecf2020-08090 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 58

Author(s):

Rachele Venanzi ◽

Loredana Barbona ◽

Francesco Latterini ◽

Rodolfo Picchio

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Forest Soil ◽

Anthropogenic Impacts ◽

Tree Canopy ◽

Forest Operations ◽

Beech Forests ◽

High Soil Moisture ◽

Forest Logging ◽

Fagus Sylvatica L ◽

Different Levels

The aim of this work was to assess the possible impacts on the forest soil and stand due to silvicultural treatment and forest operations in a beech high forest. Even aged beech forests (Fagus sylvatica L.) in the Municipality of Cappadocia (L’Aquila) and in the Municipality of Vallepietra (Roma) were analyzed. The analysis of the soil and stand were performed in order to assess the effects attributable to applied silviculture and forest logging. Two different logging methodologies (in particular for the extraction) were applied: mules were used in the areas with greater slopes and with obstacles, while for the areas with better accessibility, mechanical means were used, in this case tractors. In detail, the main objective was to assess the disturbance on the ground and on the stand, generated by the two different levels of mechanization. In addition, it was also interesting to understand the possible effect on the soil and specifically on the partial uncovering where part of the tree canopy was removed. Only through an accurate cross-analysis of the studied parameters and indices could the anthropogenic impacts on the soil and stand due to forest operations be highlighted according to the different logging methodologies applied. The main results showed that the disturbances caused to the soil and stand were essentially caused in the bunching and extraction operations. The importance of avoiding or limiting the continuous passage of vehicles and animals on forest soil clearly emerges, especially in conditions of high soil moisture. It is also important to use correct technologies that are adequate for the specific environmental characteristics and the work plan. Finally, it can be said that there was no difference in the disturbance caused by the two logging methods when compared. Substantial differences in terms of improvement can be defined when comparing the findings of this study with other research studies. This can be done by applying a different type of mechanization with a different logging system.

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Biotic and Abiotic Determinants of Soil Organic Matter Stock and Fine Root Biomass in Mountain Area Temperate Forests—Examples from Cambisols under European Beech, Norway Spruce and Silver Fir (Carpathians, Central Europe)

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12070823 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 823

Author(s):

Anna Zielonka ◽

Marek Drewnik ◽

Łukasz Musielok ◽

Marcin K. Dyderski ◽

Dariusz Struzik ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Norway Spruce ◽

Root Biomass ◽

Fine Root ◽

Stand Density ◽

European Beech ◽

Fine Root Biomass ◽

Silver Fir ◽

Beech Forests

Forest ecosystems significantly contribute to the global organic carbon (OC) pool, exhibiting high spatial heterogeneity in this respect. Some of the components of the OC pool in a forest (woody aboveground biomass (wAGB), coarse root biomass (CRB)) can be relatively easily estimated using readily available data from land observation and forest inventories, while some of the components of the OC pool are very difficult to determine (fine root biomass (FRB) and soil organic matter (SOM) stock). The main objectives of our study were to: (1) estimate the SOM stock; (2) estimate FRB; and (3) assess the relationship between both biotic (wAGB, forest age, foliage, stand density) and abiotic factors (climatic conditions, relief, soil properties) and SOM stocks and FRB in temperate forests in the Western Carpathians consisting of European beech, Norway spruce, and silver fir (32 forest inventory plots in total). We uncovered the highest wAGB in beech forests and highest SOM stocks under beech forest. FRB was the highest under fir forest. We noted a considerable impact of stand density on SOM stocks, particularly in beech and spruce forests. FRB content was mostly impacted by stand density only in beech forests without any discernible effects on other forest characteristics. We discovered significant impacts of relief-dependent factors and SOM stocks at all the studied sites. Our biomass and carbon models informed by more detailed environmental data led to reduce the uncertainty in over- and underestimation in Cambisols under beech, spruce, and fir forests for mountain temperate forest carbon pools.

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Palaeoecology as a Tool for the Future Management of Forest Ecosystems in Hesse (Central Germany): Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) versus Lime (Tilia cordata Mill.)

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12070924 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 924

Author(s):

Astrid Stobbe ◽

Maren Gumnior

Keyword(s):

Fagus Sylvatica ◽

Tilia Cordata ◽

Beech Forests ◽

Mountain Ranges ◽

The Future ◽

Spruce Stands ◽

Fagus Sylvatica L ◽

Low Mountain Ranges ◽

Intramontane Basins ◽

Future Management

In the Central German Uplands, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies have been particularly affected by climate change. With the establishment of beech forests about 3000 years ago and pure spruce stands 500 years ago, they might be regarded as ‘neophytes’ in the Hessian forests. Palaeoecological investigations at wetland sites in the low mountain ranges and intramontane basins point to an asynchronous vegetation evolution in a comparatively small but heterogenous region. On the other hand, palynological data prove that sustainably managed woodlands with high proportions of Tilia have been persisting for several millennia, before the spread of beech took place as a result of a cooler and wetter climate and changes in land management. In view of increasingly warmer and drier conditions, Tilia cordata appears especially qualified to be an important silvicultural constituent of the future, not only due to its tolerance towards drought, but also its resistance to browsing, and the ability to reproduce vegetatively. Forest managers should be encouraged to actively promote the return to more stress-tolerant lime-dominated woodlands, similar to those that existed in the Subboreal chronozone.

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δ2Hn-alkane and δ18Osugar biomarker proxies from leaves and topsoils of the Bale Mountains, Ethiopia, and implications for paleoclimate reconstructions

Biogeochemistry ◽

10.1007/s10533-021-00773-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bruk Lemma ◽

Lucas Bittner ◽

Bruno Glaser ◽

Seifu Kebede ◽

Sileshi Nemomissa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Isotopic Composition ◽

Leaf Growth ◽

Thermal Conversion ◽

Oxygen Isotopic Composition ◽

Leaf Water ◽

Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer ◽

Oxygen Isotopic ◽

Calibration Study ◽

Microclimatic Conditions ◽

Paleoclimate Reconstructions

AbstractThe hydrogen isotopic composition of leaf wax–derived n-alkane (δ2Hn-alkane) and oxygen isotopic composition of hemicellulose–derived sugar (δ18Osugar) biomarkers are valuable proxies for paleoclimate reconstructions. Here, we present a calibration study along the Bale Mountains in Ethiopia to evaluate how accurately and precisely the isotopic composition of precipitation is imprinted in these biomarkers. n-Alkanes and sugars were extracted from the leaf and topsoil samples and compound–specific δ2Hn-alkane and δ18Osugar values were measured using a gas chromatograph–thermal conversion–isotope ratio mass spectrometer (GC–TC–IRMS). The weighted mean δ2Hn-alkane and δ18Osugar values range from − 186 to − 89‰ and from + 27 to + 46‰, respectively. Degradation and root inputs did not appear to alter the isotopic composition of the biomarkers in the soil samples analyzed. Yet, the δ2Hn-alkane values show a statistically significant species dependence and δ18Osugar yielded the same species–dependent trends. The reconstructed leaf water of Erica arborea and Erica trimera is 2H– and 18O–enriched by + 55 ± 5 and + 9 ± 1‰, respectively, compared to precipitation. By contrast, Festuca abyssinica reveals the most negative δ2Hn-alkane and least positive δ18Osugar values. This can be attributed to “signal–dampening” caused by basal grass leaf growth. The intermediate values for Alchemilla haumannii and Helichrysum splendidum can be likely explained with plant physiological differences or microclimatic conditions affecting relative humidity (RH) and thus RH–dependent leaf water isotope enrichment. While the actual RH values range from 69 to 82% (x̄ = 80 ± 3.4%), the reconstructed RH values based on a recently suggested coupled δ2Hn-alkane –δ18Osugar (paleo–) hygrometer approach yielded a mean of 78 ± 21%. Our findings corroborate (i) that vegetation changes, particularly in terms of grass versus non–grassy vegetation, need to be considered in paleoclimate studies based on δ2Hn-alkane and δ18Osugar records and (ii) that the coupled δ2Hn-alkane –δ18Osugar (paleo–) hygrometer approach holds great potential for deriving additional paleoclimatic information compared to single isotope approaches.

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