The frequency of a positive gastric fluid culture for Ureaplasma species in early preterm singletons

This research aim to validation of a simple, rapid and accurate HPLC-UV method for the quantification of andrographolide isolated from Andrographis paniculata Ness in Self Nano Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) formulation during the dissolution test. The assay was performed using a XTerra® MS C18 column (150 mm X 4.6 mm, five μm) with a mobile phase of methanol and water (70: 30), at 0.8 mL/min flow rate and UV detection of 229 nm. Simulation gastric fluid (SGF) and intestinal fluid (SIF) were prepared as dissolution medium. The validation parameter was conducted including the test on linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD, and LOQ. The result showed an excellent linearity with r = 0.999 and good selectivity for both medium dissolution. The method showed sufficient precision, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) smaller than % Horwitz. The accuracy reported as % recovery was found to be 102.61 and 101.17 % in each SGF and SIF dissolution medium. LOD and LOQ were found 0.46 and 1.40 in SGF medium, 0.87 and 2.64 in SIF medium. In conclusion, the HPLC method developed showed specificity and selectivity with linearity in the working range, good precision and accuracy and suitable for quantification andrographolide in SNEDDS formulation.

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A Review on Emerging Floating Drug Delivery System

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v6i4.8901 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Christe Mary M ◽

Sasikumar Swamiappan

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery System ◽

Delivery System ◽

Stomach Contents ◽

Gastric Fluid ◽

Dosage Forms ◽

Gastric Residence Time ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Floating Drug Delivery ◽

Floating Drug Delivery System

Presently, various approaches have been exploited in the prolongation of gastric residence time which includes floating drug delivery system (FDDS), swelling and expanding systems, bio-adhesive systems, modified shape systems and high density systems. Among various methods, floating drug delivery system is considered to be a predominant method. Gastric emptying of dosage forms is an extremely varying process and ability to extend and control the emptying time is a valuable resource for the dosage forms. This FDDS is having the ability to provides a solution for this purpose. The FDDS is a bulk density system lower than the gastric fluid, so that the rest will float on the stomach contents for a prolonged period of time and allowing the drug to release slowly at a desired rate from the system and intensifies the bio-availability of the drug having narrow absorption window. The main intension of writing this review on floating drug delivery system is to study the mechanism of flotation to acheive the gastric retention and to discuss briefly about the background of FDDS, advantages and disadvantages, application of FDDS and factors affecting the gastric retension time.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Chronic aspiration of gastric fluid induces the development of obliterative bronchiolitis in rat lung transplants.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1116471.572495 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Paul Corris

Keyword(s):

Gastric Fluid ◽

Obliterative Bronchiolitis ◽

Rat Lung ◽

Lung Transplants

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Novel Swellable/Expandable Gastroretentive Floating Films of Gliclazide Folded in Capsule Shell for the Effective Management of Diabetes Mellitus: Formulation Development, Optimization and In vitro Evaluation

Current Drug Therapy ◽

10.2174/1574885515999201201122710 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Diksha Sharma ◽

Deepak Sharma

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Drug Absorption ◽

Gastric Fluid ◽

Stability Study ◽

Gastric Retention ◽

Effective Management ◽

In Vitro Evaluation ◽

Capsule Shell ◽

Study Results

Background: Gliclazide (GLZ) belongs to the second-generation of sulphonylureas, is a drug of choice for the management of type II DM. It belongs to BCS Class II. The major site of drug absorption for GLZ is the stomach; it displayed variation in the drug absorption rate and bioavailability due to the shorter gastric retention time. Floating mechanism performance gets affected when the gastric fluid level not sufficiently higher, which ultimately obstructs the floating behavior, which is the major limitation of reported formulations. This limitation can get over by folded the film into the capsule shell that dissolved in gastric fluid and film swell/expands to dimensions higher than pylorus sphincter (12mm), thus prevents its evacuation. Objective: To explore the floating mechanism in the designing of films along with a tendency to expand by swelling and unfolding by utilizing a mixture of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymer to achieve the controlled drug delivery and prolonged gastric retention of drug. Methods: The gastroretentive floating films were formulated by the solvent casting technique using 32 full factorial design and subjected to in vitro evaluation parameters, drug-excipient compatibility, X-ray diffraction and accelerated stability study. Results: The pre-formulation study established the purity and identification of drug. FTIR study confirmed no drug excipient interaction. F3, F6, and F9 were optimized based on in vitro floating characteristics, swelling/expanding ability, and unfolding time study. All developed formulations were unfolded within 14-22 min after capsule disintegration. The F3 was selected as final formulation as its ability to control the release of drug for 24 hrs followed by Zero-order kinetics having super case 2 transport. XRD confirmed the amorphousness of drug within formulation. The stability study results revealed that formulation was quite stable at extreme storage condition. Conclusion: The developed novel formulation has a good potential for the effective management and treatment of Diabetes Mellitus.

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Formulation of Quaternized Aminated Chitosan Nanoparticles for Efficient Encapsulation and Slow Release of Curcumin

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26020449 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 449

Author(s):

Ahmed M. Omer ◽

Zyta M. Ziora ◽

Tamer M. Tamer ◽

Randa E. Khalifa ◽

Mohamed A. Hassan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Slow Release ◽

Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽

Chitosan Nanoparticles ◽

Gastric Fluid ◽

Release Profile ◽

Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽

Maximum Value ◽

Structure Surface ◽

Drug Encapsulation Efficiency

An effective drug nanocarrier was developed on the basis of a quaternized aminated chitosan (Q-AmCs) derivative for the efficient encapsulation and slow release of the curcumin (Cur)-drug. A simple ionic gelation method was conducted to formulate Q-AmCs nanoparticles (NPs), using different ratios of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as an ionic crosslinker. Various characterization tools were employed to investigate the structure, surface morphology, and thermal properties of the formulated nanoparticles. The formulated Q-AmCs NPs displayed a smaller particle size of 162 ± 9.10 nm, and higher surface positive charges, with a maximum potential of +48.3 mV, compared to native aminated chitosan (AmCs) NPs (231 ± 7.14 nm, +32.8 mV). The Cur-drug encapsulation efficiency was greatly improved and reached a maximum value of 94.4 ± 0.91%, compared to 75.0 ± 1.13% for AmCs NPs. Moreover, the in vitro Cur-release profile was investigated under the conditions of simulated gastric fluid [SGF; pH 1.2] and simulated colon fluid [SCF; pH 7.4]. For Q-AmCs NPs, the Cur-release rate was meaningfully decreased, and recorded a cumulative release value of 54.0% at pH 7.4, compared to 73.0% for AmCs NPs. The formulated nanoparticles exhibited acceptable biocompatibility and biodegradability. These findings emphasize that Q-AmCs NPs have an outstanding potential for the delivery and slow release of anticancer drugs.

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Double gastric fluid level and aspiration pneumonitis in kerosene poisoning

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2021-241560 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. e241560

Author(s):

Ryuki Esashi ◽

Hirohisa Fujikawa ◽

Yu Kataoka ◽

Minoru Saito

Keyword(s):

Gastric Fluid ◽

Aspiration Pneumonitis ◽

Fluid Level

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Modelling inactivation of wild‐type and clinical Escherichia coli O26 strains using UV‐C and thermal treatment and subsequent persistence in simulated gastric fluid

Journal of Applied Microbiology ◽

10.1111/jam.14397 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 127 (5) ◽

pp. 1564-1575 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

V.S. Castro ◽

D.K.A. Rosario ◽

Y.S. Mutz ◽

A.C.C. Paletta ◽

E.E.S. Figueiredo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Thermal Treatment ◽

Gastric Fluid ◽

Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽

Wild Type ◽

Uv C

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Prolonged Myelosuppression due to Progressive Bone Marrow Fibrosis in a Patient with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia

Case Reports in Hematology ◽

10.1155/2019/1616237 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Yuta Inagawa ◽

Yukiko Komeno ◽

Satoshi Saito ◽

Yuji Maenohara ◽

Tetsuro Yamagishi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Marrow ◽

Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽

Bone Marrow Biopsy ◽

Gastric Fluid ◽

Promyelocytic Leukemia ◽

Consolidation Therapy ◽

Bone Marrow Fibrosis ◽

All Trans Retinoic Acid ◽

Phlegmonous Gastritis ◽

Marrow Fibrosis

A 34-year-old woman was diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia. Chemotherapy was administered following the JALSG APL204 protocol. Induction therapy with all-trans retinoic acid resulted in complete remission on day 49. She developed coccygeal pain from day 18, which spread to the spine and cheekbones and lasted 5 weeks. She had similar bone pain on days 7–10 of the first consolidation therapy and on days 4–12 of the second consolidation therapy. Oral loxoprofen was prescribed for pain relief. On day 33 of the third consolidation, white blood cell and neutrophil counts were 320/μL and 20/μL, respectively. After she developed epigastralgia and hematemesis, she developed septic shock. Gastroendoscopy revealed markedly thickened folds and diffusely damaged mucosa with blood oozing. Computed tomography revealed thickened walls of the antrum and the pylorus. Despite emergency treatments, she died. Bacterial culture of the gastric fluid yielded Enterobacter cloacae and enterococci growth. Collectively, she was diagnosed with phlegmonous gastritis. Retrospective examination of serial bone marrow biopsy specimens demonstrated progressive bone marrow fibrosis, which may have caused prolonged myelosuppression. Thus, evaluation of bone marrow fibrosis by bone marrow biopsy after each treatment cycle might serve as a predictor of persistent myelosuppression induced by chemotherapy.

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Fabrication of Multi-Layered Microspheres Based on Phase Separation for Drug Delivery

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi12060723 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 723

Author(s):

He Xia ◽

Ang Li ◽

Jia Man ◽

Jianyong Li ◽

Jianfeng Li

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Phase Separation ◽

Gastric Fluid ◽

Simulated Gastric Fluid ◽

Sustained Drug Release ◽

Simulated Intestinal Fluid ◽

Glycol Diacrylate ◽

Emulsion Droplets ◽

Collection Tube ◽

Poly Ethylene

In this work, we used a co-flow microfluidic device with an injection and a collection tube to generate droplets with different layers due to phase separation. The phase separation system consisted of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate 700 (PEGDA 700), PEGDA 250, and sodium alginate aqueous solution. When the mixture droplets formed in the outer phase, PEGDA 700 in the droplets would transfer into the outer aqueous solution, while PEGDA 250 still stayed in the initial droplet, breaking the miscibility equilibrium of the mixture and triggering the phase separation. As the phase separation proceeded, new cores emerged in the droplets, gradually forming the second and third layers. Emulsion droplets with different layers were polymerized under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation at different stages of phase separation to obtain microspheres. Microspheres with different layers showed various release behaviors in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). The release rate decreased with the increase in the number of layers, which showed a potential application in sustained drug release.

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