Echocardiographic Evaluation of Hemodynamic Changes in Left-Sided Heart Valves in Pregnant Women With Valvular Heart Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 118 (7) ◽  
pp. 1046-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niloufar Samiei ◽  
Mandana Amirsardari ◽  
Yousef Rezaei ◽  
Mozhgan Parsaee ◽  
Fahimeh Kashfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Echocardiographic Evaluation

scholarly journals Structural Heart Diseases during Pregnancy: Part 1—Valvular Heart Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 03 (02/03) ◽  
pp. 108-114
Author(s):  
Amar Patnaik
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Echocardiographic Evaluation ◽  
Valvular Heart Diseases

AbstractIt is estimated that about 3% pregnancies can have cardiac disease. There is wide variation in the spectrum of heart diseases. Pregnant women in India and other developing countries continue to show high prevalence of rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Pre-conception counseling based on a good echocardiographic evaluation is the most cost-effective method to prevent morbidity and mortality due to valvular heart disease. With advances in medical science, many with valvular heart disease are living to adulthood and undergoing successful pregnancy. Symptoms of a pregnant woman with a valvular disease depend on the altered hemodynamics of the specific valvular lesion in combination with the physiologic changes inherent to the pregnancy itself. A good echocardiographic evaluation of all pregnant women on their first visit to an obstetrician’s office is an effective strategy to prevent morbidity and mortality from valvular heart diseases. In general, the regurgitant lesions are well tolerated during pregnancy and labor. Asymptomatic but significant valve lesions can be decompensated by many factors. Severely stenosed mitral and, sometimes, aortic valve may have to be balloon-dilated by trained experts in midterm taking due care to avoid excess radiation. Valve surgery is rarely performed in absence of any other safer option. A multidisciplinary team approach is required to manage a pregnant woman with significant cardiac lesion with high-risk features and patients having mechanical valves that require continuous anticoagulation.

scholarly journals ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR AND OBSTETRIC DELIVERY COMPLICATIONS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH VALVULAR HEART DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (18) ◽  
pp. 3389
Author(s):  
Anum Minhas ◽  
Faisal Rahman ◽  
Nicole Gavin ◽  
Ari Cedars ◽  
Arthur Vaught ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Obstetric Delivery ◽  
Delivery Complications

Cardiovascular and Obstetric Delivery Complications in Pregnant Women With Valvular Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anum S Minhas ◽  
Faisal Rahman ◽  
Nicole Gavin ◽  
Ari Cedars ◽  
Arthur Jason Vaught ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Obstetric Delivery ◽  
Delivery Complications

Oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation with valvular heart disease and bioprosthetic heart valves

Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (18) ◽  
pp. 1432-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaqib H Malik ◽  
Srikanth Yandrapalli ◽  
Wilbert S Aronow ◽  
Julio A Panza ◽  
Howard A Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Major Bleeding ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectiveCurrent guidelines endorse the use of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, little is known about their safety and efficacy in valvular heart disease (VHD). Similarly, there is a paucity of data regarding NOACs use in patients with a bioprosthetic heart valve (BPHV). We, therefore, performed a network meta-analysis in the subgroups of VHD and meta-analysis in patients with a BPHV.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane and Embase were searched for randomised controlled trials. Summary effects were estimated by the random-effects model. The outcomes of interest were a stroke or systemic embolisation (SSE), myocardial infarction (MI), all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiac events, major bleeding and intracranial haemorrhage (ICH).ResultsIn patients with VHD, rivaroxaban was associated with more ICH and major bleeding than other NOACs, while edoxaban 30 mg was associated with least major bleeding. Data combining all NOACs showed a significant reduction in SSE, MI and ICH (0.70, [0.57 to 0.85; p<0.001]; 0.70 [0.50 to 0.99; p<0.002]; and 0.46 [0.24 to 0.86; p<0.01], respectively). Analysis of 280 patients with AF and a BPHV showed similar outcomes with NOACs and warfarin.ConclusionsNOACs performed better than warfarin for a reduction in SSE, MI and ICH in patients with VHD. Individually NOACs performed similarly to each other except for an increased risk of ICH and major bleeding with rivaroxaban and a reduced risk of major bleeding with edoxaban 30 mg. In patients with a BPHV, results with NOACs seem similar to those with warfarin and this needs to be further explored in larger studies.

scholarly journals A study to assess valvular heart disease in a tertiary care hospital: a single centre finding

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 774
Author(s):  
Prakash R. Ghogale ◽  
Shishir K. Wanjari ◽  
Daneshwar Singh ◽  
Hanumanth N. ◽  
Harshal G. Mendhe
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality

Background: Diseases of the heart valves constitute a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide with an enormous burden on healthcare resources. The present study was undertaken to study incidence and demography of valvular heart disease, to assess echocardiography and colour doppler findings of patients with valvular heart disease and to find out complications in patients with valvular heart disease.Methods: A hospital based longitudinal case study was undertaken at medicine department of Dr. V.M. Government Medical College, Solapur, Maharashtra, India for a period of two years. One hundred and twenty-four (124) patients attending OPD participated in the study.Results: In the present study, out of 124 patients, mitral valve was most commonly involved, 105(84.67%) and the least common involved was tricuspid 1(0.81%). The most common aetiology was rheumatic origin 75(94.94%). In the present study the most common complication was pulmonary hypertension 69(55.65%), followed by congestive cardiac failure (33.87%), acute pulmonary edema (12.09%), infective endocarditis (4.84%), cerebrovascular accident (4.03%), left atrial thrombus (3.23%) and death (3.23%).Conclusions: Multiple valves were affected in more than a third of all cases, although recent research in India continue to demonstrate a declining trend in the prevalence of RHD, rheumatic involvement is still the dominant form of valvular heart disease in India.

scholarly journals Heart failure requiring hospitalization in patients after cardiac surgery for valvular heart disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
A. V. Zhadan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Reverse Remodeling ◽  
Damage Indicators ◽  
Heart Pathology ◽  
Permanent Form

The aim – to determine the factors associated with the frequency of hospitalizations for decompensation of heart failure (HF) after cardiac surgery in patients with valvular heart disease. Materials and methods. 235 patients who underwent cardiac surgery for valvular heart disease were examined. During the period from 2014 to 2017, a part of patients (129 people) had no hospitalizations, while 106 people were on inpatient treatment from 1 to 10 times, on average 2.78±1.95. The complex of examination of patients along with physical examination included electrocardiography, echocardiography. Results and discussion. During dynamic observation for 2 years in the group of patients without hospitalization, a progressive statistically significant decrease in the size of the left atrium (LA) and left ventricle (LV) as well as an increase in LV contractility were noted, while in the group of patients after hospitalization such changes were not observed. The dimensions of the chambers of the heart remained practically unchanged for 2 years. Thus, it can be concluded that the more severe course of heart failure after prosthetics of heart valves is accompanied by the absence of reverse remodeling of the heart chambers. Predictors of hospitalizations for HF are the presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and permanent form of atrial fibrillation. Conclusions. The probability of progression of heart failure in patients after cardiosurgical intervention for valvular heart pathology is not affected by sex, age, type of lesion of the valve, etiology of valve damage, indicators of echocardiography. Predictors of hospitalizations for heart faiure in the long-term postoperative period are the presence of diabetes, AF, and AH. The more severe course of heart failure after prosthetics of heart valves is accompanied by the absence of reverse remodeling of the heart chambers.

Valvular heart disease

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri T. Kovanen ◽  
Magnus Bäck
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Valvular Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Valvular Interstitial Cells ◽  
Mitral Valves ◽  
Cardiac Blood ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Remodelling ◽  
Flow Through

The heart valves, which maintain a unidirectional cardiac blood flow, are covered by endothelial cells and structurally composed by valvular interstitial cells and extracellular matrix. Valvular heart disease can be either stenotic, causing obstruction of the valvular flow, or regurgitant, referring to a back-flow through the valve. The pathophysiological changes in valvular heart disease include, for example, lipid and inflammatory cell infiltration, calcification, neoangiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodelling. The present chapter addresses the biology of the aortic and mitral valves, and the pathophysiology of aortic stenosis and mitral valve prolapse.

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