scholarly journals Effect of β-glucanase and β-xylanase enzyme supplemented barley diets on nutrient digestibility, growth performance and expression of intestinal nutrient transporter genes in finisher pigs

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 98-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Clarke ◽  
T. Sweeney ◽  
E. Curley ◽  
V. Gath ◽  
S.K. Duffy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Xylanase Enzyme ◽  
Nutrient Transporter

scholarly journals Improvements in growth performance, bone mineral status and nutrient digestibility in pigs following the dietary inclusion of phytase are accompanied by modifications in intestinal nutrient transporter gene expression

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. 688-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stafford Vigors ◽  
Torres Sweeney ◽  
Cormac J. O'Shea ◽  
John A. Browne ◽  
John V. O'Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Available P ◽  
Peptide Transporter ◽  
Ca Channel ◽  
Transporter Gene ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Bone Mineral Status ◽  
Nutrient Transporter

Phytase (PHY) improves growth performance, nutrient digestibility and bone structure in pigs; however, little is known about its effects on intestinal nutrient transporter gene expression. In the present study, a 44 d experiment was carried out using forty-eight pigs (11·76 (sem0·75) kg) assigned to one of three dietary treatment groups to measure growth performance, coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (CAID), coefficient of apparent total tract nutrient digestibility (CATTD) and intestinal nutrient transporter gene expression. Dietary treatments during the experimental period were as follows: (1) a high-P (HP) diet containing 3·4 g/kg available P and 7·0 g/kg Ca; (2) a low-P (LP) diet containing 1·9 g/kg available P and 5·9 g/kg Ca; (3) a PHY diet containing LP diet ingredients+1000 phytase units (FTU)/kg of PHY. The PHY diet increased the average daily gain (P< 0·05) and final body weight (P< 0·01) and decreased the feed conversion ratio (P< 0·05) compared with the LP diet. Pigs fed the PHY diet had a higher CAID of gross energy compared with those fed the HP and LP diets (P< 0·001). Pigs fed the PHY diet had increased CAID of P (P< 0·01) and CATTD of Ca and P (P< 0·001) compared with those fed the LP diet. The PHY diet increased the gene expression of the peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1/SLC15A1) (P< 0·05) in the ileum compared with the LP diet. The LP diet decreased the gene expression of the sodium–glucose-linked transporter 1 (SGLT1/SLC5A1) andGLUT2/SLC2A2(P< 0·05) and increased the expression of membrane Ca channel (TRPV6) and calbindin compared with the HP diet (P< 0·001). In conclusion, feeding a diet supplemented with PHY improves growth performance and nutrient digestibility as well as increases the gene expression of the peptide transporterPEPT1.

scholarly journals Effect of phytase on nutrient digestibility and expression of intestinal tight junction and nutrient transporter genes in pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Lu ◽  
Sunhye Shin ◽  
Imke Kuehn ◽  
Mike Bedford ◽  
Markus Rodehutscord ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junction ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Inositol Phosphates ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Nutrient Transporter

Abstract The study was conducted to determine the effects of high levels of phytase on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, phytate breakdown, and expression of mucosal tight junction and nutrient transporter genes in weanling pigs. A total of 128 barrows were penned in groups of four and used in a randomized completely block design and assigned to four treatments for a 28-d study. A two-phase feeding was implemented (phase 1: day 1 to 14; phase 2: day 15 to 28). The diets differed in dietary calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels (positive control [PC]: 8.1 to 7.1 g/kg Ca and 6.5 to 6.8 g/kg P; negative control [NC]: 6.6 to 5.5 g/kg Ca and 5.6 to 5.3 g/kg P) from phase 1 to phase 2, respectively. NC diets were supplemented with phytase at 0 (NC), 1,500 (NC + 1,500), or 3,000 (NC + 3,000) phytase units (FTU)/kg. Blood was collected after fasting (day 27) or feeding (day 28) for the measurement of plasma inositol concentrations. On day 28, two pigs per pen were euthanized. Duodenal–jejunal and ileal digesta samples and feces were collected to determine inositol phosphates (InsP3-6) concentrations. Phytase supplementation increased the body weight on days 14 and 28 (P &lt; 0.05). Average daily gain and feed efficiency compared with NC were increased by phytase with the majority of its effect in phase 1 (P &lt; 0.05). The apparent ileal digestibility and apparent total tract digestibility of P were increased in piglets fed phytase-supplemented diets (P &lt; 0.01) compared with NC piglets. Disappearance of InsP6 and total InsP3-6 up to the duodenum–jejunum, ileum, and in feces was increased by both phytase application rates (P &lt; 0.01). Plasma concentrations of myo-inositol were higher (P &lt; 0.001) in the phytase-supplemented diets than PC and NC diets, irrespective of whether pigs were fed or fasted. Expression of claudin 3 was higher in pigs fed both phytase-supplemented diets in the duodenum and jejunum compared with PC and NC. Mucin 2 expression was lower in the ileum of NC + 3,000 fed piglets compared with PC (P &lt; 0.05), whereas expression of GLUT2 (solute carrier family 2-facilitated glucose transporter member 2) was increased (P &lt; 0.05) by the NC + 3,000 treatment in all sections. In summary, high phytase supplementation increased the growth performance of nursery pigs. The increased expression of GLUT2 by phytase may indicate an upregulation of glucose absorption from the intestine by phytase.

scholarly journals Effect of seaweed-derived laminarin and fucoidan and zinc oxide on gut morphology, nutrient transporters, nutrient digestibility, growth performance and selected microbial populations in weaned pigs

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (9) ◽  
pp. 1577-1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Heim ◽  
A. M. Walsh ◽  
T. Sweeney ◽  
D. N. Doyle ◽  
C. J. O'Shea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Nutrient Transporter ◽  
Dietary Treatments

In the present study, two experiments were conducted to (1) evaluate the effect of laminarin and/or fucoidan on ileal morphology, nutrient transporter gene expression and coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of nutrients and (2) determine whether laminarin inclusion could be used as an alternative to ZnO supplementation in weaned pig diets. Expt 1 was designed as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, comprising four dietary treatments (n 7 replicates, weaning age 24 d, live weight 6·9 kg). The dietary treatments were as follows: (1) basal diet; (2) basal diet+300 ppm laminarin; (3) basal diet+240 ppm fucoidan; (4) basal diet+300 ppm laminarin and 240 ppm fucoidan. There was an interaction between laminarin and fucoidan on the CTTAD of gross energy (GE) (P< 0·05) and the expression of sodium–glucose-linked transporter 1 (SGLT1/SLC5A1) and GLUT1/SLC2A1 and GLUT2/SLC2A2 (P< 0·05) in the ileum. The laminarin diet increased the CTTAD of GE and increased the expression of SGLT1, GLUT1 and GLUT2 compared with the basal diet. However, there was no effect of laminarin supplementation on these variables when combined with fucoidan. Expt 2 was designed as a complete randomised design (n 8 replicates/treatment, weaning age 24 d, live weight 7·0 kg), and the treatments were (1) basal diet, (2) basal diet and laminarin (300 ppm), and (3) basal diet and ZnO (3100 ppm, 0–14 d, and 2600 ppm, 15–32 d post-weaning). The laminarin diet increased average daily gain and gain:feed ratio compared with the basal diet during days 0–32 post-weaning (P< 0·01) and had an effect similar to the ZnO diet. These results demonstrate that laminarin provides a dietary means to improve gut health and growth performance post-weaning.

scholarly journals Graded Incorporation of Defatted Yellow Mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Diet Improves Growth Performance and Nutrient Retention

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Rema ◽  
Subramanian Saravanan ◽  
Benjamin Armenjon ◽  
Constant Motte ◽  
Jorge Dias
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Protein Meal ◽  
Yellow Mealworm ◽  
Juvenile Rainbow Trout ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

Insects are emerging as a sustainable alternative to fishmeal and fish oil in aquafeeds. This study assessed the effect of graded incorporation levels of defatted yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) protein meal on juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) growth performance, body composition, and apparent nutrient digestibility. The trial comprised five dietary treatments: control diet with 25% fishmeal, and four experimental diets with yellow mealworm protein meal at 5%, 7.5%, 15%, or 25%, which corresponded to a fishmeal replacement of 20%, 30%, 60%, or 100%, respectively. After 90 days, the graded incorporation of insect protein meal led to a significant stepwise increase in final body weight, and a significant improvement of specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio compared to the control treatment. Regardless of the incorporation level, the insect protein meal had no effects on fish whole-body composition and apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, protein, fat, phosphorus, and energy. Protein, phosphorus, and energy retention significantly increased in fish fed the diets with an insect protein meal. In conclusion, the yellow mealworm protein meal could effectively replace 100% of fishmeal in the diet of juvenile rainbow trout with positive effects on its overall zootechnical performance.

scholarly journals The Dietary Supplemental Effect of Nitroethanol in Comparison with Monensin on Methane Emission, Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics in Female Lambs

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Zhen-Wei Zhang ◽  
Yan-Lu Wang ◽  
Yong-Yan Chen ◽  
Luo-Tong Zhang ◽  
Ying-Jie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Net Revenue ◽  
Emission Growth

This study was conducted to evaluate the dietary supplemental effects of 2-nitroethanol (NEOH) in comparison with monensin on methane (CH4) emission, growth performance and carcass characteristics in female lambs. Sixty female, small-tailed Chinese Han lambs (3.5 ± 0.3 month) were randomly allotted into three dietary treatment groups: (1) Control group, a basal control diet, (2) monensin group, the basal diet added with 40 mg/kg monensin, (3) NEOH group, the basal diet added with 277 mg/kg nitroethanol, and the feedlotting trial lasted for 70 days. Although dietary addition of monensin and NEOH did not affect nutrient digestibility of lambs, both monensin and NEOH decreased the calculated CH4 production (12.7% vs. 17.4% decrease; p < 0.01). In addition, the CH4 production represents less dietary energy loss in the monensin and NEOH group than in the control, indicating that monensin and NEOH are potent CH4 inhibitors that can reduce dietary energy loss. Dietary addition of monensin and NEOH decreased dry matter intake (p < 0.01); however, they increased the ADG of female lambs (p < 0.01). As a result, both monensin and NEOH increased feed conversion efficiency of the feedlotting lambs (p < 0.01), suggesting that feed energy saved from CH4 production promoted the feed efficiency and ADG in the present study. Except for the fact that NEOH addition increased the net muscle percentage to carcass weight (p = 0.03), neither monensin nor NEOH had a significant influence on carcass characteristics of female lambs (p > 0.05). From an economic point of view, NEOH and monensin caused a reduction in feed consumption costs, therefore resulting in a higher net revenue and economic efficiency than the control. In summary, dietary supplementation of NEOH in comparison with monensin presented a more promoting effect on energy utilization in female lambs by inhibiting rumen methanogenesis more efficiently, and NEOH improved the net revenue and economic efficiency more significantly than monensin.

scholarly journals PSV-8 Glucocorticoid receptor agonist (GRA): what is the best delivery method to newly weaned pigs?

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 158-159
Author(s):  
Hailey Wooten ◽  
Hwanhee Kim ◽  
Amanda Rakhshandeh ◽  
Anoosh Rakhshandeh
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Weaned Pigs ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Intestinal Integrity ◽  
Randomized Design

Abstract We previously found that i.m. injection of GRA, similar to in-feed antibiotics, improves measures of intestinal integrity, nutrient digestibility, and overall growth performance in nursery pigs. In addition, we have demonstrated that the mitigating effects of GRA on the stress of weaning is predominantly done by subsiding the inflammatory response that often accompanies early weaning. The objective of the current study was to explore the most practical methods for delivering GRA to newly weaned pigs. One-hundred and sixty-seven PIC pigs were weaned at 25 ±1.0 days of age (BW 7 ±1.2 kg), and assigned to fourteen treatments (3-4 pigs /pen; 3 pens/treatment). Seven treatments were tested within two sexes (gilts vs. barrows). The treatments were: 1) i.m. injection of GRA (two injections, 0.2 mg/kg BW at -1 and 3 d post-weaning), 2) two levels of in-water GRA (0.8 and 1.6 ppm), 3) in-feed GRA (2.5 and 5.0 ppm), 4) in-feed antibiotic (ANT, 100 ppm tylosin), and 5) control. Dexamethasone was used as GRA. Pigs had free access to in-feed or in-water GRA or ANT during the 1st-week post-weaning. Parameters of growth performance were measured weekly until the end of the nursery phase. A completely randomized design and repeated measurement ANOVA (PROC MIXED) in SAS were used for statistical analyses. In-water, in-feed, and i.m. GRA treatments resulted in growth performance outcomes comparable to that of in-feed ANT. Relative to CON pigs, both ANT and GRA improved ADG and G: F during the nursery phase (P &lt; 0.05). Among the delivery methods tested, 2.5 ppm of in-feed GRA resulted in superior ADG (GRA vs. CON; 0.29 vs. 0.20 kg/d) and G: F (0.63 vs. 0.40 ± 0.05), compared to the control group (P &lt; 0.02). Collectively, these results suggested that in-feed treatment is the best method for delivering GRA to newly weaned pigs.

scholarly journals Dietary replacement of fish meal by defatted and fermented soybean meals with taurine supplementation for pompano fish: effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and biological parameters in a long-term feeding period

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Phuc Nguyen ◽  
Thinh Van Do ◽  
Hau Duc Tran
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Taurine Supplementation ◽  
Fermented Soybean

Abstract A 16-wk growth trial was conducted to examine the effects of dietary replacement of fish meal by defatted soybean meal (SBM) and fermented soybean meal (FSBM) with taurine supplementation on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) and biological parameters of pompano fish. The FSBM was produced by fermenting SBM with Lactobacillus spp. Seven isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to replace 35% or 50% of fish meal by SBM or FSBM with taurine supplementation. The diets are denoted as follows: FM, SBM35, SBM35T, FSBM35T, SBM50, SBM50T, and FSBM50T. The FM (the basal diet) contained fish meal as a main source of dietary protein. Taurine was supplemented to SBM35T, FSBM35T, SBM50T, and FSBM50T at the level of 15 g/kg diet. Pompano juveniles with an initial body weight (BW) of 80 g reared in floating net cages were fed the experimental diets twice daily for 16 wk. Results showed that the final BW, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio of fish fed SBM35 and SBM50 were significantly lower than those of fish fed FM (P &lt; 0.05), indicating that the replacement of fish meal by SBM at the rate of 35% in the diet is excessive for pompano. Supplementation of taurine to the SBM-included diets significantly increased growth performance and feed utilization (P &lt; 0.05); however, these diets did not restore the performance back to a level equivalent to that of fish offered the basal diet. Meanwhile, fish fed FSBM35T had comparable growth and feed performances to those fed FM. Hematocrit values, total biliary bile acid levels, whole body lipid contents, and tissue taurine concentrations of fish fed SBM35 and SBM50 were the lowest among the treatments, but these parameters were improved by taurine supplementation and FSBM inclusion in the diet. Taurine supplementation increased lipid ADC, and SBM fermentation slightly enhanced both lipid and protein ADCs of the fish. These findings suggest that the combination of FSBM and taurine supplementation is an effective way to improve growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and biological parameters, and that FSBM with taurine supplementation can replace 35% of fish meal in pompano diets without any negative effects on growth and feed performances in a long-term feeding period.

scholarly journals Effects of Rocket Seed Oil, Wheat Germ Oil, and Their Mixture on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Digestibility, Redox Status, and Meat Fatty Acid Profile of Growing Rabbits

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 662
Author(s):  
Sabrin Abdelrahman Morshedy ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdelmodather ◽  
Mohamed M. Basyony ◽  
Soliman A. Zahran ◽  
Mohamed A. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil

Vegetable oils are a source of natural antioxidants, including tocopherols, sterols, phenolic compounds, coenzymes, and polyunsaturated fatty acids that provide nutritional value, organoleptic properties, and significantly delay or prevent lipid oxidation. Eighty-four V-line rabbits at 5 weeks of age with an initial body weight (BW) of 535.60 ± 13.48 g were assigned randomly to four experimental groups (seven replicates in each group with three rabbits each). The first group served as a control and received 0.3 mL/kg BW of distilled water (CON), while the second and third groups received 0.3 mL/kg BW of rocket seed oil (RSO) and wheat germ oil (WGO), respectively. The fourth group received a mixture of oils consisting of 0.15 mL of RSO and 0.15 mL of WGO/kg BW (MOs). The experiment lasted 7 weeks. The study investigated the effects of RSO, WGO, and their mixture on growth performance, feed utilization, antioxidant status, and immune response of growing rabbits. The results indicated that the rabbits that were administered orally with RSO and WGO or their mixture had higher (p ≤ 0.05) final BW, weight gain, and average daily gain when compared to the control group. In addition, the feed conversion ratio improved significantly with RSO, WGO, and MOs treatments. Different oil treatments improved nutrient digestibility, nutritive value, and nitrogen balance. Moreover, the rabbits that received RSO, WGO, and their mixture had an improvement the meat fatty acid composition compared to the control rabbits. Oral administration of RSO, WGO, and their mixture significantly improved serum protein fractions, decreased blood urea nitrogen, and had a positive effect on serum total lipids, HDL-c, and LDL-c. Furthermore, the treatments of RSO, WGO, and MOs had a significant improvement in the antioxidative status and immune response.

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