scholarly journals Effect of hybrid rice varieties on growth and development of broilers and ducks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick M. LeMieux ◽  
Courtney P. Villemarette ◽  
Eddie K. Lyons ◽  
Thomas H. Shields ◽  
Norman German
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

scholarly journals Stress-Induced Changes in Alternative Splicing Landscape in Rice: Functional Significance of Splice Isoforms in Stress Tolerance

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Showkat Ahmad Ganie ◽  
Anireddy S. N. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Functional Significance ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Growth

Improvements in yield and quality of rice are crucial for global food security. However, global rice production is substantially hindered by various biotic and abiotic stresses. Making further improvements in rice yield is a major challenge to the rice research community, which can be accomplished through developing abiotic stress-resilient rice varieties and engineering durable agrochemical-independent pathogen resistance in high-yielding elite rice varieties. This, in turn, needs increased understanding of the mechanisms by which stresses affect rice growth and development. Alternative splicing (AS), a post-transcriptional gene regulatory mechanism, allows rapid changes in the transcriptome and can generate novel regulatory mechanisms to confer plasticity to plant growth and development. Mounting evidence indicates that AS has a prominent role in regulating rice growth and development under stress conditions. Several regulatory and structural genes and splicing factors of rice undergo different types of stress-induced AS events, and the functional significance of some of them in stress tolerance has been defined. Both rice and its pathogens use this complex regulatory mechanism to devise strategies against each other. This review covers the current understanding and evidence for the involvement of AS in biotic and abiotic stress-responsive genes, and its relevance to rice growth and development. Furthermore, we discuss implications of AS for the virulence of different rice pathogens and highlight the areas of further research and potential future avenues to develop climate-smart and disease-resistant rice varieties.

scholarly journals Genotypic Variation in Nutrient Uptake Requirements of Rice Using the QUEFTS Model

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Tao Sun ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Sheng Tang ◽  
Kefeng Han ◽  
Ping He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Indica Hybrid Rice ◽  
Validation Experiments

Nutrient requirements for single-season rice using the quantitative evaluation of the fertility of tropical soils (QUEFTS) model in China have been estimated in a previous study, which involved all the rice varieties; however, it is unclear whether a similar result can be obtained for different rice varieties. In this study, data were collected from field experiments conducted from 2016 to 2019 in Zhejiang Province, China. The dataset was separated into two parts: japonica/indica hybrid rice and japonica rice. To produce 1000 kg of grain, 13.5 kg N, 3.6 kg P, and 20.4 kg K were required in the above-ground plant dry matter for japonica/indica hybrid rice, and the corresponding internal efficiencies (IEs) were 74.0 kg grain per kg N, 279.1 kg grain per kg P, and 49.1 kg grain per kg K. For japonica rice, 17.6 kg N, 4.1 kg P, and 23.0 kg K were required to produce 1000 kg of grain, and the corresponding IEs were 56.8 kg grain per kg N, 244.6 kg grain per kg P, and 43.5 kg grain per kg K. Field validation experiments indicated that the QUEFTS model could be used to estimate nutrient uptake of different rice varieties. We suggest that variety should be taken into consideration when estimating nutrient uptake for rice using the QUEFTS model, which would improve this model.

scholarly journals Grain Yield of Hybrid Rice Varieties as Influenced by Seed Rates under Aerobic Direct Seeded Situation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 2839-2845
Author(s):  
K. Jana ◽  
K. Mondal ◽  
S. Banerjee ◽  
S. Goswami ◽  
R. Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Direct Seeded

scholarly journals Divergent selection and genetic introgression shape the genome landscape of heterosis in hybrid rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (9) ◽  
pp. 4623-4631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zechuan Lin ◽  
Peng Qin ◽  
Xuanwen Zhang ◽  
Chenjian Fu ◽  
Hanchao Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Genetic Introgression ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Landraces ◽  
Rice Hybrid ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Positive Effect

The successful application of heterosis in hybrid rice has dramatically improved rice productivity, but the genetic mechanism for heterosis in the hybrid rice remains unclear. In this study, we generated two populations of rice F1hybrids with present-day commercial hybrid parents, genotyped the parents with 50k SNP chip and genome resequencing, and recorded the phenotype of ∼2,000 hybrids at three field trials. By integrating these data with the collected genotypes of ∼4,200 rice landraces and improved varieties that were reported previously, we found that the male and female parents have different levels of genome introgressions from other rice subpopulations, includingindica,aus, andjaponica, therefore shaping heterotic loci in the hybrids. Among the introgressed exogenous genome, we found that heterotic loci, includingGhd8/DTH8,Gn1a, andIPA1existed in wild rice, but were significantly divergently selected among the rice subpopulations, suggesting these loci were subject to environmental adaptation. During modern rice hybrid breeding, heterotic loci were further selected by removing loci with negative effect and fixing loci with positive effect and pyramid breeding. Our results provide insight into the genetic basis underlying the heterosis of elite hybrid rice varieties, which could facilitate a better understanding of heterosis and rice hybrid breeding.

scholarly journals QTL Analysis Based on A Rice Short-Wide Grain CSSL-Z414 and Substitution Mapping of qGL11 and qGW5

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Li ◽  
Hongxia Yang ◽  
Guangyi Xu ◽  
Keli Deng ◽  
Jinjin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Traits ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Specific Function ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Substitution Mapping ◽  
Segment Substitution ◽  
Novel Allele

Abstract Background: Most of rice agronomic traits as grain length etc. are complex traits controlled by multiple genes. Chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) are ideal materials for dissecting and studying of these complex traits. Results: We developed a novel rice short-wide grain CSSL, Z414, deriving from progeny of the recipient parent Xihui 18 (an indica restorer line) and the donor parent Huhan 3 (a japonica cultivar). Z414 contained 4 substitution segments (average length was 3.04 Mb). Compared with Xihui 18, Z414 displayed seven significantly different traits as grain length, width and weight, chalkiness degree, brown rice rate etc. Then, 8 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were found responding these difference traits by F2 population from Xihui 18/Z414. Among them, 6 QTLs (qPL3, qGW5, qGL11, qRLW5, qRLW11, qGWT5) could be verified by novel developed single segment substitution lines (SSSLs, S1-S6). In addition, 4 QTLs (qGL3, qGL5, qCD3 and qCD5) were novel detected by S1 and S5. Thus, the short–wide grain of Z414 was responded by qGL11, qGL3, qGL5, and qGW5. Then, qGL11 and qGW5 were delimited within intervals of 0.405 and 1.14 Mb on chromosomes 11 and 5, respectively, by substitution mapping. Again by sequencing, qRT-PCR and cell morphology analysis, qGW5 should be a novel allele of GS5 and qGL11 is novel QTL encoding CycT1;3, whose specific function of regulating grain length was still unknown. Finally, pyramid of qGL3 (a=0.22) and qGL11 (a=-0.19) displayed qGL11 epistatic to qGL3. In addition, novel S1 and D2 exhibited different grain sizes and lower chalkiness degree. They are potential to be directly used in breeding hybrid rice varieties.Conclusions: We constructed a novel rice short–wide grain CSSL-Z414 with 4 substitution segments based on the genetic backgrounds of Xihui 18. The broad grain of Z414 was controlled by qGW5, which should be a novel allele of GS5. The short grain of Z414 was controlled by qGL11, qGL3, and qGL5, and qGL11 is a novel QTL encoding CycT1;3, whose specific function of regulating grain length was still unknown, and qGL11 is epistatic to qGL3. Novel S1 and D2 are potential in hybrid rice varieties.

scholarly journals Pengaruh pemupukan N terhadap serapan dan efisiensi penggunaan N, serta hasil padi hibrida

Jurnal Agro ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-273
Author(s):  
Risqa Naila Khusna Syarifah ◽  
Zulfa Ulinuha ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Use Efficiency ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

Pemupukan N pada padi hibrida menjadi krusial mengingat varietas padi hibrida sangat responsif, sehingga harus diketahui dosis yang tepat untuk menghasilkan produksi yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh dosis N terhadap serapan N, efisiensi penggunaan N, dan hasil padi hibrida. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang diulang tiga kali. Faktor pertama adalah varietas padi hibrida yang terdiri dari Varietas Mapan P05, Varietas SL-8 SHS Sterling, dan Varietas Intani 602. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pemupukan N yang terdiri dari kontrol tanpa pemupukan N, dosis N 100 kg ha-1, dan dosis N 200 kg ha-1. Terdapat respon yang beragam antar varietas padi hibrida terhadap taraf pemupukan N, Serapan N, efisiensi penggunaan N tertinggi yang dihasilkan oleh varietas Intani 602 masing-masing sebesar 138,57 %, dan 36,13%. Serapan N tanaman padi tertinggi dicapai pada dosis N 100 kg ha-1, dan efisiensi penggunaan N tertinggi pada dosis N 200 kg ha-1. Hasil gabah tertinggi dicapai pada varietas Mapan P05 sebesar 7,42 t ha-1, dan dosis pemupukan N 100 kg ha-1 memberikan hasil tertinggi sebesar 7,47 t ha-1. Implikasi dari penelitian ini bahwa dosis nitrogen 100 kg ha-1 dapat menjadi acuan sebagai dosis pemupukan N varietas padi hibrida di Indonesia. Hybrid rice is responsive to nitrogen, so it’s necessary to find the optimum dose to optimize the production. The  aim of this research was to examine the effect of nitrogen on N uptake, N use efficiency, and yield of hybrid rice. This study used a randomized block design with three replications. The first factor consisted of the  Mapan P05 variety, the SL-8 SHS Sterling variety, and Intani 602 variety. The second factor was Nitrogen dosage consisted of control, 100 kg ha-1, and 200 kg ha-1. There were various responses among hybrid rice varieties to the level of fertilization. The highest N uptake and N use efficiency was achieved in the Intani 602 variety at 138.57% and 36.13%, respectively. The highest N uptake was achieved at 100 kg ha-1 of N, and the highest N use efficiency was at 200 kg ha-1. The highest yield was achieved in the Mapan P05 variety (7.42 t ha-1), and the dose of N at 100 kg ha-1 gave the highest yield (7.47 t ha-1). The implication of this research is that the nitrogen dose of 100 kg ha-1 can be used as a reference for hybrid rice varieties fertilizer in Indonesia.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF WIDE COMPATIBILITY VARIETIES IN SOME TROPICAL JAPONICA RICE

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hairmansis ◽  
Hajrial Aswidinnoor ◽  
Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas ◽  
Suwarno Suwarno
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Sterility ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Tropical Japonica ◽  
Wide Compatibility ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The F1 hybrid sterility in indica/japonica crosses is the major barrier in developing hybrid rice varieties between these two diverse germplasm. The sterility problem in japonica/indica hybrids can be overcome by using wide compatibility genes. The objective of this study was to identify wide compatibility varieties (WCVs) in some tropical japonica rice. Twenty five tropical japonica varieties as male parents were crossed with indica (IR64) and japonica (Akitakomachi) testers as female parents. The crosses were planted following a randomized complete block design with three replications. Varieties having average spikelet fertility of more than 70% with both the indica and japonica testers were rated as WCVs. Result from this study showed that six tropical japonica varieties were classified as WCVs, i.e., Cabacu, Grogol, Kencana Bali, Klemas, Lampung Lawer, and Napa. Hybrid sterility is caused by partial sterility of male and female gametes. The WCVs from the present study can be used in hybrid rice breeding program to solve hybrid sterility in indica/japonica hybrids.

scholarly journals Performance of 32 Hybrid Rice Varieties at Pine Bluff of Arkansas

2016 ◽  
Vol 07 (15) ◽  
pp. 2239-2247
Author(s):  
Bihu Huang ◽  
Zongbu Yan
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties

scholarly journals Stability of hybrid rice genotypes for grain yield and maturity

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108
Author(s):  
MJ Hasan ◽  
MU Kulsum ◽  
E Hossain ◽  
NMF Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Rice Genotypes

An experiment was conducted using nine hybrid rice genotypes along with two inbred standard check varieties in five different locations of Bangladesh to assess their stability in terms of grain yield and maturity in diverse environments. For this, adaptability, stability, genotype × environment (G×E) interaction effect for grain yield and maturity of 11 rice varieties in five agro ecological zones in Bangladesh were assessed during T. Aman season of 2015. The analysis of variance for growth duration and grain yield (t/ha) for genotypes, environment and genotype-environment interaction were highly significant at 1% level of probability indicating the variable response of genotypes and environments. The hybrid genotypes IR79156A/BRRI20R, BRRI hybrid dhan3, BRRI33R/BRRI26R, BRRI hybrid dhan4, standard check variety BRRI dhan49 and BR11 had high yield performance and widely adapted to all environments and these were non sensitive to environmental interactive forces, while the hybrids BRRI7A/BRRI31R, IR79156A/BasmatiR and SL-8 were sensitive to environmental interaction. Environment such as Gazipur (E1) and Faridpur (E3) having positive IPCA1 score and positive interaction with the hybrids BRRI7A/BRRI13R, SL-8H and IR79156A/BasmatiR were considered as the favourable environments for these hybrids.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(1): 99-108, March 2018

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