Gender differences in preadolescent children's online interactions: Symbolic modes of self-presentation and self-expression

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 627-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L Calvert ◽  
Brian A Mahler ◽  
Sean M Zehnder ◽  
Abby Jenkins ◽  
Mickey S Lee
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Online Interactions

Gender differences in distributive justice: The role of self-presentation revisited

Sex Roles ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 303-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Asdigian ◽  
Ellen S. Cohn ◽  
Mary Hennessey Blum
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Self Presentation

scholarly journals THE HISTORY OF BEAUTY AND THE AESTHETICS OF LONGEVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S307-S307
Author(s):  
Naomi Woodspring
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Older People ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Cultural Narrative ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
The Uk

Abstract A long standing cultural narrative is aging appearance is neither attractive nor acceptable. This has not always been the case; the aesthetics of older appearance has been appreciated other times in history. Significant numbers of older people in the public sphere, as a result of the longevity revolution, has created a sense of visibility of among older people, particularly women. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore current notions of beauty and age among the postwar generation. A diverse group of thirty-four women and men (born between 1945 -1955) from the US and the UK were interviewed with a focus on their own self-presentation and the acts of seeing and being seen. This paper explores the some of the findings from this study which asked the central question – can old people be beautiful and, if so, how is age and beauty defined? The majority of research participants answered in the affirmative and responded with clearly defined notions of age and beauty. The findings found significant gender differences; not within the central research question but in regard to their own appearance. There were also significant gender differences in terms of a ‘competitive’ or ‘cooperative’ gaze when observing other older people. This small study invites further research and points to a possible shift in the aesthetics of old age, in part, as a result of the longevity revolution. It provides an outline for further exploration of the importance of appearance, meaning, and a sense of self in old age.

What Difference Does It Make? Gendered Campaigning in the 2016 Irish General Election

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Isabel Kusche
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
General Election ◽  
The Self ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Female Candidates ◽  
Occupational Background ◽  
Gender Quota

Abstract Possible gender differences in the self-presentation of political candidates have been a recurring research topic for many years. Yet studies that compare large numbers of candidates have mainly used data from the United States. This article uses a unique data set from the run-up to the 2016 general election in Ireland to compare the self-presentation of male and female candidates. The data are based on video statements of almost 90% of the candidates who ran in the election. With its lack of party polarization and recent introduction of a gender quota, Ireland is a particularly interesting case for analyzing possible gender differences in political campaigning. Findings confirm previous research that has found few gender differences in issue priorities but contradict it in other respects, especially regarding differences in stressing political experience and personal background. The results suggest that female candidates saw electoral benefits from conforming to expectations about women as caregivers, but they wished to avoid a stereotype limiting them to this role by also emphasizing their occupational background. Their strong personalization may also indicate an attempt to stress individuality in a context in which the gender quota drew special attention to women as a category.

Self-Presentation Strategies among Users of Social Networking Sites

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-78
Author(s):  
Azza Abdel-Azim Mohamed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Online Social Network ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Males And Females

This study explored the strategies of self-presentation (ingratiation, supplication, and enhancement) among United Arab Emirates users (n = 230) of popular social networking sites (SNS). The size of social networks, degree of network connectivity, and perceptions of self-presentation success were examined. The results indicated a significant positive correlation between the frequency of SNS use and ingratiation and enhancement strategies. Greater diversity of online friends among the respondents was positively associated with the perception of online self-presentation success. Males and females differed in the size of the online social network they interacted with, diversity of online friends, and preferred self-presentation strategies. However, no significant gender differences were found in the levels of network connectivity and perceptions of self-presentation success.

Ingratiation Attempts in Real Life: Determinants of Their Success

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Helmut Lamm
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Self Presentation

A total of 272 students at a German university were asked to write down the story of an ingratiation attempt they had made and one they had received. They were then asked to reflect on each episode via a questionnaire. All but one participant reported that they had performed at least one of the four tactics postulated in Jones’s ingratiation theory: compliments, favor-doing, opinion conformity, and positive self-presentation. In the case of received ingratiation, we found higher success ratings for nondependent (vs. dependent) partners, for just-being-friendly (vs. attraction-seeking) as the attributed motive, and for honest (vs. nonhonest) compliments and self-presentation. Female senders reported more success than did males (interpretable through existing research on gender differences). Finally, success levels were higher in the sender than in the receiver condition. Thus with our new autobiographical method we have extended the validity of three known determinants of the success of ingratiation attempts and discovered two “novel” factors deserving further research.

scholarly journals Predisposing and Motivational Factors Related to Social Network Sites Use: Systematic Review (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Mancinelli ◽  
Giulia Bassi ◽  
Silvia Salcuni
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Predisposing Factors ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Interpersonal Competency

BACKGROUND Social network sites (SNSs) have been defined as Web services that involve creating a private or semiprivate profile. Through these services, adolescents and adults can maintain and create new relationships. Adolescents, in particular, can be considered the main users of these sites as they spend a lot of time on SNSs. In using SNSs, individuals can exert greater control over the conversation and on the information shared, which is associated with a desire for self-presentation. Moreover, the need for self-presentation is related to personality traits such as those of the Big Five, namely extraversion, neuroticism, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, as well as emotional stability, introversion, narcissism, and motivational aspects. The latter are usually linked to an underlying social purpose that might predispose an individual to using SNSs, with the intent of satisfying particular needs, such as belongingness and interpersonal competency. OBJECTIVE Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method, this study aimed to present a systematic review of the scientific literature regarding the predisposing factors related to the Big Five personality traits and motivational aspects associated with the use of SNSs, for both adolescents (12-19 years) and adults (>20 years). METHODS A search ranging from 2007 to 2017 was conducted through the academic database of Google Scholar and PsycINFO, in which the following terms and their derivatives were considered: predisposing factors, personality traits, Big Five model, self-esteem, self-presentation, interpersonal competency, social network site, Facebook, motivation, five-factor model, use, abuse, and addiction. Based on a defined list of inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 9 papers were finally included in the review. RESULTS Our findings identified 3 main personality traits to be of greater value: extraversion, neuroticism, and openness to experience. Extraversion was a good predictor of motivation and SNS use, whereas the latter trait showed relevance for age differences. All 3 features further played a role in gender differences. Apart from extraversion, the self-presentational motive was also related to narcissism, whereas the need to belong presented an association with agreeableness and neuroticism. Further underlining the social value behind SNS use, people perceived interpersonal competency as being related to Facebook use intensity. CONCLUSIONS Extraversion was recognized as the main forerunner for SNS use and motivation for use. Neuroticism seems to be related to an attempt at compensating for difficulties in real-life social contexts. Openness to experiences has a strong valence for both adults and older adults since SNSs are still perceived as a novelty. Moreover, gender differences in SNS usage were observed to be the product of differences in motivation. Implications and limitations of the study were discussed.

scholarly journals Looking for the Right Swipe: Gender Differences in Self-Presentation on Tinder Profiles

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Online Dating ◽  
Textual Information ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Mixed Support ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Right

Tinder has become a popular online dating tool for people looking for either short- or long-term relationships. In this study we build on existing research on gender differences in the motivations of Tinder users, by analyzing gender differences in self-presentation. We predicted that women would try to attract men to right-swipe (i.e., potentially match) their profiles through largely visual means; while men would put more emphasis on showing off their skills and interests. In a sample of 300 randomly obtained Tinder profiles (150 heterosexual females and 150 heterosexual males), half from Colombia and half from the USA, we found mixed support for our hypotheses. There was no significant difference between numbers of photos uploaded by women and men, but certain types of photos were unique to one gender. Links to other social networks did not differ much between genders; however, men tended to include more textual information in their profiles.

scholarly journals For Exercise, Relaxation, or Spirituality: Exploring Participation Motives and Conformity to Masculine Norms among Male and Female Yoga Participants

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 770
Author(s):  
Jonathan Y. Cagas ◽  
Stuart J. H. Biddle ◽  
Ineke Vergeer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Traditional Practice ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Conformity To Masculine Norms ◽  
Masculine Norms ◽  
Participation Motives

Yoga is a traditional practice from India with the potential to promote physical activity and health. Participation worldwide remains low, particularly among men. To better understand yoga participation parameters, with a special focus on what influences male participation, this study examined gender differences in participation motives and conformity to masculine norms. It also explored these factors across three participant subgroups who differed in their engagement with the physical and the more psycho-spiritual aspects of yoga. A total of 546 yoga participants (138 males, 399 females, 9 others), 18–73 years old, completed an online survey that included an adapted version of the Exercise Motivation Inventory–2 and three subscales from the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory–46. Results showed significant gender differences in participation motives and conformity to masculine norms. Females were more motivated by positive affect, health/fitness, nimbleness, Mind–Body integration, and coping/stress management, whereas males were more motivated by supplementary activity and competition/social recognition. These differences should be considered in tailoring messages to promote uptake and continued participation. Furthermore, males were more likely than females to conform to emotional control and heterosexual self-presentation masculine norms. Future research may examine how differences in masculine norm adherence influences uptake, particularly among men.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document